2020-2021学年人教版英语八年级下册期末复习考点总结

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1、 Unit 1 Whats the matter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a cold 受凉;感冒 have a nosebleed 流鼻血 have a heart problem 有心脏病 have a toothache 牙疼 have a stomachache 胃疼 have a sore back 背疼 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 2.have problems breathing 呼吸困难 3. talk too much 说得太多 (too much修饰动词) 4. drink enoug

2、h water 喝足够的水 5. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 6. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 7. see a dentist 看牙医 go to a doctor 看医生 8. get an X-ray 拍X光片 9. take ones temperature 量体温 10. go along 沿着走 11. get off/on 下车/上车 12. get into/out of 进入/从出来 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 13. be in control (of) 掌管;管理 be out of control(of)失控

3、14. thanks to 多亏了 15. on the side of the road 在马路边 16. shout for help 大声呼救 17. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药 18.put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 19. to ones surprise 使. 惊讶的 20. fall down 摔倒 21. without thinking twice 没有多想 （without doing sth） 22. save a life 挽救生命 save money 存钱、省钱 23. put her head back 把

4、她的头向后仰 24. in the same way 以同样的方式 25. make a decision 做出决定 26. because of 由于 27. feel sick 感到恶心 28. in a difficult situation 在困境中 29. take risks 冒险=take a risk take a risk of.冒.的风险 30. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 31. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事 32. in time 及时 on time准时 33. right away=at once 立刻 34. ex

5、pect(sb) to do 期待做某事 35.the importance of.的重要性 36.cut off 切除 二、重难点、考点 1. “怎么了？”（询问麻烦事或身体状况） Whats the matter（with sb）? =Whats the trouble (with sb)?=Whats wrong (with sb)? =Whats up?=Whats your trouble/problem? 2. 表示“患某种病、.疼痛” 1.) have a+疾病名词/身体部位-ache， eg: have a cough咳嗽 2.） have a sore+身体部位 eg: ha

6、ve a sore back/throat背疼/喉咙痛 3.see sb do sth 看见某人做某事（强调全过程） see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事（强调正在发生正在发生） 类似用法的词：类似用法的词：watch, notice, hear 4.agree with sb同意某人 agree to do同意做某事 agree+that从句 5. have trouble/problems/difficulty in doing sth 做某事有困难 6. trouble用法: 1).be in trouble处于困境 2).get (sb) into trouble (使某

7、人) 陷入困境 7. 词组辨析：used to do过去常常 be used to doing习惯于做 8. so.that+从句 如此.以至于 so that为了，目的是 引导目的状语从句 Eg: He works hard so that he can succeed 9. Whats the meaning of.?=What does.mean? .的意思是什么？ 10. 反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 高频短语：by oneself 独自一人（=alo

8、ne=on ones own ） enjoy oneself 玩得开心 （=have fun=have a good time） be oneself 做自己 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 teach oneself自学 introduce oneself自我介绍 help yourself/yourselves. 随便吃 11. 说谎：lie-lied-lied-lying 躺：lie-lay-lain-lying (tell a lie 说谎 lie作名词) 下蛋：lay-laid-laid-laying (规则的撒谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋，laid, laid. 12. ru

9、n out 用完;用尽（主语是物） run out of.用完;用尽（主语是人，of后接物） Unit 2 I ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、重点短语 1. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 2. care for 关心;照顾=look after=take care of 3. at the age of 在.岁时 4. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 5. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋 6. give out 分发;散发=hand out give away 赠送;捐赠 give up放弃 give in屈服

10、 give back归还 7. come up with 想出；提出=think of 8. make some notices 做些公告牌 9. try out 试用;试行 10. work for 为工作；为. 效力 work as+职业 做.工作 work on.从事. 11. put up 搭建;举起;张贴 put off （doing sth） 推迟;延迟 put down 放下， 写下 put away把.收好 put on穿上 put out 熄灭 13. call up 打电话;召集 14.for example 比如；例如 15. raise money 筹钱;募捐 16.

11、take after 与.相像 (品质，外貌) =look like像(外貌) 17. fix up 修理;修补;解决 fix =repair=mend 18. be similar to 与相似 19. set up 建立;设立 20. disabled people 残疾人 21. make a difference (to) (对.)影响;有作用 22. be able to 能够 =can 23.a feeling of satisfaction满足感 24.several hours若干小时 25.volunteer to do sth自愿做 volunteer n.自愿者 26.h

12、omeless people无家可归的人 disabled people残疾人 27.be busy with sth忙于 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 28.a trained dog一只受过训的狗 二、重点语法 1. notice sb do sth注意到某人做过某事，notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在做某事 2. alone 与lonely 辨析 lonely adj. 孤独的， 寂寞的 荒凉的， 偏僻的 定语，表语 有感情 alone adv./adj. 独自，单独 状语，表语 无感情 3. satisfaction用法： 1.)satisfy v.

13、 使.满意 satisfy sb 使某人满意 2.)satisfied/satisfying adj. 感到满意的/令人满意的 be satisfied with对.满意 3.)satisfaction n. 满意，满足 4. ill 与sick辨析 sick adj. 定语，表语 sickness n. ill adj. 表语 illness n. Eg:He is ill.=He is sick. Here is a sick dog. 形容词+ness变名词： kind-kindness，ill-illness, sick- sickness, sad-sadness, happy-ha

14、ppiness, busy-business, fair-fairness 5.imagine+V-ing/名词/代词 imagine doing sth 6.句型辨析： It is clever/smart/kind/nice/friendly of sb to 做某事是.的(形容词描述人品质、性格用of) It is +adj+for sb to do 做某事对某人来说是.的 (形容词描述事情用for) 7.change ones mind改变主意 change ones life 改变某人的生活 change green into yellow由绿变黄 8. be interested

15、in=have/show an interest in 对.感兴趣 9.raise v.筹集 raise money抚养举起 raise ones hand hand=put up ones hand 提高 区别 raise 总是 21.share the housework 分担家务 22.in surprise 惊讶地 23. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西 24.hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 26. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿 27. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事 28. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

16、 29.a waste of time浪费时间 （waste v.浪费 用法与spend相同） 30. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 31. depend on依赖;依靠 32. develop childrens independence发展孩子的独立性 33. do ones part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事 二、重点语法、考点 1.Could you please (not) do sth ?用于提出请求，希望得到对方肯定回答，语气较委婉。 肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答：Sor

17、ry , I cant. / Im afraid I cant. 2. (1)neither adv 也不 I dont like this dress. 我不喜欢这件连衣裙。 Neither / Nor do I. 我也不喜欢。 【注意】肯定句：He likes beef.-So do I. 我也喜欢。 (2) neither nor 既不也不, 连接两个词做主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则就近原则 Neither Tom nor I am a student (3) neither 作代词表示“两个都不”，neither of.作主语时，谓语动词常用单数 Neither of my parent

18、s is at home. 3. borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入) lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物(借出) (做题方法:看主语,借进borrow/借出lend) borrow、lend不与一段时间连用，与一段时间连用用keep 4.need v 需要作实义动词常用于肯定句 (1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 (2)物做主语，sth need doing = sth need to be done 5.(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 (2)invite

19、sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地 6.spend/pay/cost/take 花费 (1)spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth 在某事上花费. sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sth He spends too much time on the computer games. (4) pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人 sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book. (3) cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事 sth co

20、st sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱 eg: A new computer costs me a lot of money. (5) taketook taken v 花费 It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 记忆方法：人做主语有两花，pay 和 spend. 物作主语 cost，形式主语用 take. 7. develop vdevelopment n 发展developing adj. 发展中的developed adj. 发达的 a developing country 一个发展中国家 a developed coun

21、try 一个发达国家 8. pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人 =pass sth to sb pass by 路过，经过 pass away 去世 9.as soon as=the minute 一.就. （遵循：主将从现主将从现，主过从过） 10. in order to （do sth）为了=in order that+句子=so that+句子（从句中常与can/could/may/might 等情态动词连用） 11. provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 为某人提

22、供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 offer a seat 让座 12.mess n.混乱,杂乱 make a mess 弄得一团糟 in a mess 乱七八糟 13. It作形式宾语 形式宾语：主语+谓语(find,think,make,feel)+it+adj+to do sth 14. 意味着干某事 mean doing sth 打算干某事 mean to do sth 15. 干某事是足够的 Its enough to do sth 16.如何照顾他们自己 how to look after themselves (疑问词后接动词不定式) 17.不需要某人干某事

23、 There is no need for sb to do sth Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents? 一、重点短语 1. have free time(to do)有空闲时间 2 after-school classes课外活动课 3. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架= have a fight with sb.=fight with sb 4. write to sb=write sb. a letter给某人写信 5. surprise sb. 使某人惊讶 （surprise v.） 6. look

24、through翻看 7. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 8. a big deal重要的事 Its not a big deal 没什么大不了。 9. work out成功地发展;解决=solve 10. get on well with和.友好相处 11. hang over笼罩 12. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 13. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 14. make sb. angry使某人生气 15. worry about sth. 担心某事 =be worried about sth 16. copy one s ho

25、mework抄袭某人的作业 17. give sb. pressure给某人施压 18. compete with sb. 与某人竞争 (competition n.比赛 competitor n.竞争者) 19. cause stress造成压力 20. cut out删除 cut down 砍到，削减（数量） cut off切除 21.give sth back to sb归还某人 =return to sb municate with sb和某人交谈 =have a communication with sb 23.explain sth to sb向某人解释某事 24.argue wi

26、th sb =have an argument with sb 与某人争吵 25.处理 do with =deal with do with“处理，对付” 常与疑问词 what 搭配 What do you do with .? （强调处理的对象强调处理的对象） deal with “处理，对付” 常与疑问词 how 搭配 How do you deal with.?（强调处理的方式强调处理的方式） 26. 一个典型的美国家庭 a typical American family 27. 在我看来 in my opinion 28. 把和作比较 compare. with.=compare .t

27、o.（把.比作.） 二、重点语法 1. 提建议的句型 (1) What about doing sth. ?=How about doing sth.? .怎么样？ (2) Why dont you do sth.?= Why not do sth.? 为什么不呢？ (3) Lets do sth. 让我们一起做某事吧。 (4) Will/Would you please do sth. 请你做好吗？ (5) Would you like to do sth.? 你想去做某事吗？ (6) Would you mind doing sth.？你介意做某事吗？ (7) Shall we do st

28、h.? 我们做好吗？ (8) Youd better do/not do sth. 你最好做/不做某事 (9)主语+should/shouldnt+V 原. “.应该/不应该.” 2.(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people (2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework (3)much too +形容词 (或者修饰 V) 太 much too cold talk too much 3. (1) allow doing sth 允许做某事 We dont allow smoking in our house. (2)allow

29、sb.（not）to do sth. (不)允许某人做某事 My parents dont allow me to stay up late. (3)be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 4.系动词：后跟 adj. 作表语 一是： （be） am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静 二似乎 seem appear 三保持：stay/keep/remain （表示持续状态） stay healthy=keep healthy 四变得：become/get/turn/go （表示状态变化） 五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/f

30、eel （表示感觉） 5. 忘记做某事：forget to dosth/ 落下某物 leave sth +地点落下 6. V-ing 动名词或句子作主语谓语动词用三单： Reading books is helpful. What he said is true. 7.find的用法： (1) find + sb / sth + adj / n. 发现某人/某物是(后面可以接形容词或名词作宾语补足语) (2) find + sb + doing sth 发现某人正在干某事 (3) find doing sth + adj. = find it + adj. + to do sth 发现干某事是

31、的。 (4) look for, find 确认 2. beat against. 拍打 3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着 4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 5. wake up 醒来 6. break. . apart 使分离 7. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候 8. at the time of 当.时候 =When+句子 9. go off (闹钟)发出响声、食物变质、离开 10. take a hot shower 洗热水澡 11. miss the bus 错过公交车 12. pick up 接电话、捡起、接某人、偶然学会（某种语言

32、） 13. by the side of the road 在路边 14. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 15. walk by 走路经过 16. make ones way to. . 在某人去的路上 =on ones way to. 17. be killed 被杀害 18. take down 拆除;摧毁 19. on the radio 通过广播 20. in silence 沉默;无声=silently keep silent 保持安静 （silent adj.沉默的-silence n.沉默） 21.fallen trees歪倒的树 22.broken wi

33、ndows损坏的窗户 23.start/begin to do=start/begin doing开始做某事 at the beginning of 在.的开端 24.（雨、雪）下得大 rain /snow heavily=rain /snow hard 25.suddenly =all of a sudden 突然地 26.由于外面没有灯 with no light outside (with 表原因) 27.the rest of.剩下的，其余的. 28.说出真相 tell the truth 29.have meaning to.对.有意义 30.point sth out to sb

34、向某人指出 31.too=as well 也 32.call out 喊出 33.如此多次 so many times 二、重点语法 -过去进行时 1. 定义：表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。 2. 谓语动词的结构：was / were + doing 否定句结构: was / were + not + doing (was not - wasnt ; were not - werent) 一般疑问句结构：Was / Were + 主语 + doing + 其他部分? 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+was / were + 主语 + doing + 其他部分? 3. 用法以及时间标

35、志性词语 注意注意 when 与与 while 的用法区别：的用法区别： I was sleeping when my mother knocked at the door. When I was sleeping, my mother knocked at the door. While he was studying, his sister began to sing a song. when的用法的用法： when “当.的时候”,引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句, 后接短暂性动词或者延续性动词。后接短暂性动词或者延续性动词。 while 的用法的用法： while “当.的时候”,引导

36、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句,后只能接延续性动词， 而且常与进行时连用。后只能接延续性动词， 而且常与进行时连用。 记忆口诀：when后可长亦可短，while后只可长; 若是两个都为长,while 来把纽带当。 三、考点 1.beat含义: 敲打； 打败； 心脏，脉搏跳动 beat+人/团队 “打败” win+比赛/奖项 “赢得” 2. against 倚靠，背靠 反对 be against反对，be for支持 对抗. fight against 与.作斗争 play against 与.对打（比赛） beat against the window 敲打窗户 3. the rest of +

37、n/代词，作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致. 4. realize 意识到(+句子) 实现（目标，梦想等）realize ones dream 5. 词性转换 strange-stranger heavy-heavily wind-windy sleep-asleep report-reporter ice-icy complete-completely silence-silent recent-recently true-truth die-dying fall-fallen break-broken Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mo

38、untains 一、重点短语 1. once upon a time = long long ago 从前 2. continue to do sth. 继续做某事(另一件事) continue doing sth. 继续做某事(同一件事) 3. make sth. happen 使某事发生 4.try to do sth. 试图、尽力做某事 5. the journey to sp. .之旅 (近义词“trip, travel, tour”) 6.find ones way home 找到某人回家的路 7.a good way to solve the problem = a solutio

39、n to the problem 8. a little bit silly有点蠢 a bit=a little bit=a little=kind of+形容词 (1) (1) 过去进行时表示表示过去某段时间内过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。持续进行的动作。常用时间状语: this morning, the whole morning/afternoon, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last (2) (2) 过去进行时表示表示过去某一时刻过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。正在进行的动作。常用时间状语: 介词短语、副词：then,at that time,

40、 at that moment, at this time yesterday, at 3:00 yesterday afternoon等 when , while引导的从句 a bit of=a little+不可数名词 9. 一部名叫美猴王的电视节目 a TV program called /named the Monkey King 10.in the moonlight 在月光下 11.fall in love with 爱上. 12.the main character 主要人物；主人公 13. at other times 在另外一些时候 14. a fairy tale 一个神话

41、故事 15. come out (书、电影等)出版 ，出来，开花 16. turn . . into 变成=change .into. 17. become interested in (doing) sth. 对(做)感兴趣 18. get lost 迷路=be lost 19. the next day 第二天 20. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 21. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地 22. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 23. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地 24.hear sb doing听到某人正在

42、做某事 25.把每件东西占为己有 keep everything for oneself 26.面包屑 pieces of bread 二、考点 1.remind 的用法 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起. e.g. This book reminds me of my childhood. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 e.g. My mother always reminds me to come back early. remind+that从句 e.g: The story reminds me that we should be hone

43、st. 2.seem 意为“似乎；好像” 用法： 1)主语+ seem +（to be ）+ 名词或形容词 Eg: Tom seems （to be ） a very clever boy. 2) “主语+ seem to do sth eg:Mrs Green doesnt seem(或 seems not )to like the idea. 3) It seems + that+从句 (其中 it 是形式主语，that 引导主语从句)。 eg:It seems that Mr Brown will not come again. .3 状语从句：时间状语从句（as soon as）、条件

44、状语从句（unless）、结果状语从句(so.that) as soon as 用法见 unit3 unless “如果不，除非”=if not ,引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现主将从现原则 so.that. 如此.以至于.(so +adj/adv.+that+句子) 可与 too.to., enough.to do 结构互换 注意 so .that.与 such.that.区别：（so 强调 adj./adv. such 强调名词） so +adj +a/an +名词+that+句子 = such +a/an +adj +名词+that+句子 such +adj +名词复数/不可数名词+th

45、at+句子 当adj为many/much/few/little时， 用so 即so many/much/little/few+名词 “如此多/少的.” 4.区别：all 尽管 19. the forces of nature 自然界的力量 20. reach the top 到达顶峰 21. at birth 在出生的时候 22. be awake 醒着 23. fall over 摔倒 fall down 跌倒 fall off 从 . 上 摔 下 来 =fall down from. fall into 掉进 fall in love with 爱上 fall asleep 入睡 24.

46、run over with excitement 兴奋地兴奋地跑过去 25. walk into sb. 撞到某人 26. every two years 每两年 27. cut down the forests 砍伐林木 28. endangered animals 濒危动物 29. fewer and fewer pandas大熊猫越来越少 30. the importance of saving animals 拯救这些动物的重要性 31.die of (用于害病，疲劳，寒冷，饥饿，失望，悲伤等内因内因) die from死于(用于外部外部创伤或间接原因致死) 32.in the remaining forests在剩余的剩余的森林中 “剩下的” remaining adj.放n前; left adj.放n 后 33.protect from保护.免遭.