2021-2022学年人教版八年级上英语全册知识点

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1、Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、词组 1.go on vacation 去度假 2.stay at home 待在家里 3.go to the mountains 去爬山 4.go to the beach 去海滩 5.visit museums 参观博物馆 6.go to summer camp 去夏令营 7.quite a few 相当多 8.study for 为而学习 9.go out 出去 10.most of the time 大部分时间( ) 11. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做 12.have a good time

2、玩得高兴 13.of course 当然 14.feel like 给的感觉 15.go shopping 去购物 16.in the past 在过去 17walk around 四处走走 18.because of 因为 19.one bowl of 一碗 20.the next day 第二天( ) 21.wait for sb 等待某人 22.find out 找出；查明 23.go on 继续 24.take photos 照相 25.something important 重要的事 26.up and down 上上下下 e up 出来 28.buy sth. for sb. /

3、buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 29.seem+（to be）+ adj.看起来30.decide to do sth.决定做某事( ) 31.try doing sth.尝试做某事 32.try to do sth.尽力去做某事 33.forget doing sth.忘记做过 34.forget to do sth.忘记要做 35.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 36.want to do sth.想去做某事 37.start doing sth.开始做 38.stop doing sth. 停止做某事 39. keep doing sth.继续做某事 40.tell s

4、b. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事( ) 二、语法点 1.a few+可数名词 few+可数名词 a little+不可数名词 little+不可数名词( ) 2.because of +短语 如：I had to move because of my job. because +从句 如：I do it because I like it. ( ) 3.ed 形容词修饰人，ing 形容词修饰物 bored 厌倦的 boring 令人厌倦的 interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的 surprised 感到惊奇的 surprising 惊奇的

5、excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋( ) 4. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive“到达“(三不加 here,there,home) get to+地点,reach+地点,arrive at+小地点,arrive in+大地点.( ) 5. 1）复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- 指人 someone 有人 somebody anyone 任何人 anybody no one 没有人 nobody everyone 人人 everybody 指物 something 某物 anything 任何事 nothing 没有事 everything

6、一切 指地点 somewhere 某地 anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 没有地方 everywhere 到处 2）形容词后置：something special, somebody interesting 不定式后置: something to eat, anything to play 3）不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单三，如：Everything was interesting. 4）something用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中， 而 anything 用于否定句及疑问句中 如：Did you do anything interesting?（表疑问）Why dont

7、you visit someone with me?（表建议） ( ) 6.提建议的句子： What/ how about +doing sth.? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping( ) 7. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做如：She enjoys playing football.她喜踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed h

8、imself. 他过得很愉快。 相近的词组还有 have a good great time , have fun。( ) 8.decide“决定” ，是动词。它的名词形式为 decision。构成短语有： decide (not) to do sth. =make a decision to do sth. 决定(不)做某事 9.nothing.but.“除.之外； 只有” ，如： I have nothing to do but watch TV. 我除了看电视什么也没干。 I ate nothing but to drink some milk.我除了喝了些牛奶什么也没吃( ) 10 .

9、 feel like+宾语从句，如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。 feel like doing sth.“想做某事”如：I feel like eating.我想吃东西( ) 11. ( ) 12.Please bring your book to our school. 请把你的书带到我们学校来。 Please take your book to your school. 请把你的书带到你的学校去( ) 13.形前名后，enough to do 足够去做 如：She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了。 I

10、 have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京( ) 14. so+形容词/副词+that 从句 “如此以致于” She was so sad that she couldnt say a word.她悲伤得一句话也说不出( ) 15.start doing 与 start to do 区别 都表示开始做某事，一般可以通用，但以下三种情况只能用 to do be+starting to do物+start to dostart to+想法/感情词( ) 16. 常与形容词连用的词 be+形容词: This movie is boring. keep

11、+形容词: We should keep quiet in the library. 系动词+形容词: The flowers smell good. find+名词+形容词: I find him interesting.( ) 17.too many+名词复数“太多”如：too many visitors too much+不可数名词“太多”如：too much water much too+形容词/副词“太”如：much too heavy 三、重点句子 1 Where did you go on vacation? I went to the mountains. 2 How was

12、the food? Everything tasted really good! 3 Why didnt you buy anything for yourself? 4 Who did you go with? I went with my family. 5 How did you feel about the trip? It was so exciting. 6 Did you go out with anyone? No, no one was here. 7 Did everyone have a good time? 8 I just stayed at home most of

13、 the time to read and relax. 9 Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for myself. 10 The only problem was that there was nothing to do but read. 11 I felt like I was a bird. 12 I wonder what life was like here in the past. 13 I really enjoyed walking around the town. 14 We decided to

14、take the train. 15 Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. 16.It was raining really hard. 17 We were wet and cold because we forgot to bring an umbrella. 18 My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 19. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. 20.Long time no see. My

15、Vacation Last weekend, my classmates and I went to Fangshan. We enjoyed ourselves very much. At 8:00 on Sunday morning, we got together at the school gate. When all of us arrived, we started. We went there by bike. After about 30 minutes ride, we got there. We found a beautiful place to have a rest.

16、 And we took quite a few photos and played games together. When we felt a little hungry, we took out our food. Everyone ate a lot. We all had a good time. Unit 2How often do you exercise? 一、词组 1.help with housework 帮助做家务活 2.go shopping 购物 3. go to bed early 早睡 4. go to the movies 去看电影 5. go camping

17、去野营 6. go online 去上网 7. go to the dentist 去看牙医 8.every day 每天 9.once a week 每周一次 10.twice a month 每月二次( ) 11.hardly ever 几乎不 12.use the Internet 上网/用网 13.be free 有空 14.in ones free time 在某人的空闲时间 15.have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈钢琴课 16.at least 至少 17.less than 少于/不到(more than 多于) 18.teeth cleaning

18、洗牙 19.swing dance 摇摆舞 20.play tennis 打网球( ) 21.stay up 熬夜 22. the answer to 的答案 23. how often 多久一次 24.play sports 锻炼身体 25.be good for 对有好处 26.not.at all 根本不 27.the most popular 最流行 28.such as 例如 29.Old habits die hard.旧习惯难改 30.more than 超过/多于( ) 31.three or four times 三四次 32.free time activities 课余活

19、动 33. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的 34. by doing sth. 通过做某事 35. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 36.be full 饱的,be full of 充满 37. start doing sth. =start to do sth 开始做某事 38. eat a healthy breakfast 吃一顿健康的早餐 39. help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助某人 help sb do/ to do sth 帮助某人 40. spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 (spend in

20、 doing, spend on sth) ( ) 二、语法点 1.how 的用法 1).询问“频率”用 how often 多久一次 回答用：once a day，twice a week, sometimes 等词语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week. 2).询问“次数”用 how many times 多少次 回答用：once, twice, three times 等词语。 3).询问“时间”用 how long 多长。 How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here

21、? 4).询问“路程”用 how far 多远 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers. 5).询问“数量”用 how many+复数 多少 How many hours do you sleep every night? 6).询问“价格”用 how much 多少钱 (也可询问不可数名词数量) How much is this television? 7).询问“感觉、看法”用 how 怎样 Hows your vacation? Its great. 8).询问“in+时间”用 how soon 多久以后 H

22、ow soon will he be back? Hell be back in an hour. ( ) 2.频率副词( ) always usually often sometimes hardly never once twice 100 80 60 40 5 0 一次 两次 3.be good for+名词 对有好处 如：Its good for your health. be bad for+名词 对有坏处 如：Junk food is bad for your health. be good at 擅长 be good with 相处的好 be good to=be friendl

23、y to( ) 4.be afraid to do sth. 如：I am afraid to swim. be afraid of sb. sth. 如：She is afraid of dogs. be afraid of doing sth. 如：He is afraid of swimming.( ) 5.find 用法： 1)find + 宾语 +名词：We have found him (to be) a good boy. 2)find + 宾语 + 形容词： He found the room dirty. 3) find + 宾语 + 现在分词： I found her st

24、anding at the door. 4)find +it +形容词+to do sth：I found it easy to ride a bike.( ) 6.mind 作动词, 意为“介意”后跟名词或动词 ing 如：Do you mind giving me a glass of water? ( ) 7.such as 意为“例如” 后加动词一般用 ing 形式 I have a lot of hobbies, such as reading. ( ) 8.Its+adj+for sb+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是的 如：It is good for you to ex

25、ercise. Its +adj+of sb+to do sth 某人品质 如：It is kind of you to help me. ( ) 9.want 用法： 1)want to do 想做某事 如: I want to go online. 2)want sb to do 想让某人做某事 如：My mother wants me to drink it. 3)want sth 想要某物 如：They want some coffee. ( ) 10.ask sb. about sth. “询问某人关于某事” ( ) 如:Last month we asked our student

26、s about their free time activities. 11. Whats your favorite program？ 你最喜欢的节目是什么？ Whats your favorite.?=What.do you like best？你最喜欢的.？( ) 12.基数词+percent (of)“百分之” 如：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. Twenty percent of the water is clean. ( ) 13.not. at all 意为“一点儿也不，根本不”。 I dont k

27、now about it at all. 拓展：not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢，不客气”( ) 14. free “有空的,免费的”如：The tickets are free. busy“忙的” 如：He is very busy. full“忙的，满的” 如：Next week is quite full for me.( ) 15.How come?口语习语，相当于 why,可单独使用。 两者区别：How come you eat so little?=Why do you eat so little?( ) 16.辨析“也” ： 区别：too 用

28、于肯定句末尾,also 用于句中,either 用于否定句末尾( ) 17. 辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time (分开一段时间 some time,相聚某个时候 sometime; 相连“s”是有时 sometimes，分开“s”是次数 some times) ( ) 18. 辨析 hard 与 hardly： hardly 副词“几乎不” 一般位于动词之前 如：He hardly works. hard 副词“努力地”形容词“困难的” 如： He works hard.( ) 19.辨析：maybe 和 may be( ) mayb

29、e 副词 “可能”。 (句首或 be 动词后，实义动词前) Maybe you are right. may be “可能是”,为“情态动词+be 动词” You may be right. 20.辨析连词：( ) although /though“虽然，尽管”, but “但是” ,不能同时使用。 如：Although we are poor，we are still happy. = We are poor，but we are still happy. (because, so 同样用法) 21.辨析 through, across, over 穿过 ( ) through 从内部穿过，

30、across 从表面穿过，over 从上方穿过 22.辨析 however 与 but He is a child, but he knows a lot. He is a child, however, he knows a lot. ( ) 23.辨析 others, the others, the other, other 24.keep+形容词 如：keep quiet in the library 25.health 名词，healthy 形容词，healthily 副词 三、重点句子 1. What do you usually do on weekends? I always h

31、elp with housework. 2. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping. 3. How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month. 4. How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV. 5. How often does he play soccer? He plays at least twice a week. 6. How ma

32、ny hours do you sleep every night? I sleep eight hours every night. 7. My mother wants me to drink milk every day. She says its good for my health. 8. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 9. Forty- five percent of the students exercise four to six times a week. 10. Most

33、 students use it for fun and not for homework. 11. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is though exercise. 12. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends. 13. Jane is a 16- year- old high school st

34、udent in the United States. 14. Jane has a lot of good habits. However, she has some bad habits, too. 15. You have to learn more about healthy habits. Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister. 一、词组 1.more loudly 更大声 2.singing competition 唱歌比赛 3.more clearly 更清晰 4.the most important thing 最重要的事 5.bothan

35、d两者都 6.be talented in 在方面有天赋 7.care about 关心 8.make sb do sth 使某人做某事 9.more outgoing 更外向 10.asas 与一样 11.be similar to 和类似 12.the same as 和相同 13.be different from 与不同 14.be like a mirror 像一面镜子 15.as long as 只要；既然 16.bring out 使显现；使表现出 17.reach for your hand 伸出援助之手 18.in fact 事实上；实际上 19.make friends 交

36、朋友 20.the other 其他的 21.touch ones heart 感动某人 22.get more information 获得更多的信息 23.be good at 擅长 24.be friendly to sb 对某人友好 25.sing clearly 唱的清楚 26.have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 27.get better grades 取得更好成绩 28.be good with 与相处的好 二、语法点 1.both 的用法 1).both 位于 be 动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。 They are both teachers.

37、They can both speak French. They both teach French well. 2) .both.and.连接两个并列成分 Both Tim and Tom are teachers. 3) .both of. Both of them are teachers. 4) . either.or.要么.要么.（就近原则） Either you or he is right.要么你对了,要么他对了。 5).neither.nor. .和.都不 既不.也不. Neither you nor he is right.你和他都对。 2. 比较级 1) .基本型： 比较级

38、+than He is more popular than Tom. 2).越来越. 比较级+and+比较级/more and more+原级 Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. The days are getting shorter and shorter. 2) .越.就越. The more you eat, the fatter you are. 4).the+比较级+of the two+复数 Lucy is the taller of the two girls. 5).Which/What/Who+比较级，A or B ?

39、 6).比较级前可加修饰词 much, a lot, a little, a bit, even 3.not as.as 与比较级的转化 Shanghai is not as hot as Beijing.=Beijing is hotter than Shanghai. 3. 动词辨析： win“获胜，赢得”比赛、奖品、名次、称号 beat“打败”团队、人 三、重点句子 1. She also sings more loudly than Tara 2 .Both Sam and Tom can play the drums. 3 .The girl with shorter hair is

40、 Lisa. 4 .But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. 5 .We are both outgoing and we both like sports. 6 .Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. 7 .Are you as friendly as your sister? No, Im not. 8 .Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does. 9 .Who is smarter, yo

41、ur mother or your father? 10 .I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different. 11 .I think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 12 .Thats not important for me that a good friend likes to do the same things as me. 13 .For me, a good friend truly c

42、ares about me. 14 .Its important for me that a good friend makes me laugh. 15 .Im shy so its not easy for me to make friends. 16 .We can talk about and share everything. 17.My best friend is quite different from me. 18 .However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. 19 .So Im getting better

43、 at tennis. 20.Larry is much less hard- working. 四、作文 My friend and I I have a good friend. Her name is Alice. We are in the same class. In some ways, we are the same, but in some ways, we are different. I am as tall as Alice. But she is heavier than me. We both have black hair. But my hair is longe

44、r than hers. Alice is more outgoing than me. She likes sports. But I like music. She exercises every day and she is stronger than me. I am smarter than her. And I am better at English than her. I dont think differences are important in a friendship(友谊).Early rising is good for us in many ways. Unit4

45、 Whats the best movie theater? 一、词组 1.the best movie theater 最好的电影院 2.the biggest screens 最大的荧屏 3. the best sound 最好的音响 4.the shortest waiting time 最短的等待时间 5.the most comfortable seats 最舒服的座位 6.the worst service 最差的服务 7.the most exciting magicians 最令人兴奋的魔术师 8.pretty loud 相当响亮 9.three meals a day 一日三

46、餐 10.all kinds of.各种各样的 11.the street performers 街头表演者 12. takeseriously 认真对待 13.and so on 等等 14.Welcome to the neighborhood! 欢迎来到社区 15.buy clothes the most cheaply 买衣服最便宜 16.so far 目前为止 17.buy tickets the most quickly 买票最快 18.make up 编造 19.sing the most beautifully 唱得最动听 20.play a role in 发挥作用 21.c

47、hoose songs the most carefully 选择歌曲最仔细 22.the most creative talent show 最有创意的才艺表演 23.have.in common 有相同特征 24.be up to 由.决定 25.for example 二、语法点 1. 最高级：表示三者或三者以上做比较。 （最高级前勿忘 the） 1).基本句型结构 系动词+ the+adj.(最) of + 同类 ( of all/us.) 主语 + 谓语动词 实义动词+ (the)+ adv.(最） in + 范围 (in China.) 如：Tara is the youngest of all. Linda draws (the) most carefully in her class. 注：. 副词的最高级前可省略 “the”： 如：sit (the) most comfortably 坐得最舒适 . 最高级前有其它的限定词时，不加“the”： my best friend 2). Which / Who +t