2021-2022学年人教版英语八年级上期末复习易混词汇辨析

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1、人教版人教版 八年级（上册）易混词汇辨析八年级（上册）易混词汇辨析 记忆版记忆版 1. a few, few, a little,little 词汇 含义 用法 列句 a few 意为“一些” ，表肯定 修饰可数名词复数 Can you stay a few days longer? few 意为“几乎没有” ，表否定 修饰可数名词复数，不可与 not 连用 Few people like hospital. a little 意为“一点” ，表肯定 修饰不可数名词。可做程度副 词，修饰形容词，副词或其他比 较级，而 few 不能 He speaks a little Chinese. lit

2、tle 意为“几乎没有” ，表否定 修饰不可数名词， 不可与 not 连 用 You eat very little. 2.something, nothing , anything 词汇 含义 例句例句 something “某事:某物”,常用于肯定句中,也可用于征求 对方意见的疑问句中 Something is wrong with my cars. nothing “某事:任何事”,一般用于否定句或疑问句也 可以用在条件句中,意为“任何事” You mustnt eat anything until you see the doctor anything “没有什么:没有东西”。 not

3、hing=notanything I wouldnt say anything.=I would say nothing. 3.too much, too many, much too 词汇 含义 用法 例句 too much 太多 后接不可数名词 There is too much rain these days. 修饰动词,放在动词之后 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. too many 太多 后接可数名词复数 There are too many things for me to do every day. much too 太 修饰形

4、容词或副词 Its much too cold in winter. 4. because of, because 词汇 含义 用法 例句 because of “因为”,为介词短语 后接名词、代词、动名词,或者 是相当于名词的短语 He didnt go to school because of his illness because “因为”,为连词 引导原因状语从句 He did very well on the mid-term exam because he studied hard for it. 5. bored, boring 词汇 含义 用法 例句 bored 意为“疲倦的:

5、感到无聊的” 一般在句中修饰人, 作表语 Were bored with what she said. boring 意为”无趣的:令人厌烦的:单 调的” 般在句中修饰事或 物,可作表语或定语 The story is very boring. I dont like it. 6. so . that ., so that 词汇 含义 例句 so.that. “如此以至于”引导结果状语 从句 Tom is so naughty(淘气的)that he breaks the window. “如此目的是”引导目的状语 从句 Sam studies so hard that he can ente

6、r a good high school. so that “目的是”引导目的状语从句 He works hard so that he can make more money. 7.through,across 词汇 含义 例句 through 意为“穿过”,强调从内部穿过,其动作是在三维空 间进行的,四面八方都有物体。 The sunshine gets into the room through the window. across 意为“穿过,横过,跨过”,强调从表面横跨而过,其 动作是在某一物体的表面进行的。 When you go across the road, you must

7、 be careful. 8.be good for, be good at, be good with, be good to 词汇 含义 例句 be good for 意为“对有益” Eating vegetables is good for us. be good at 意为“擅长”,接名词、代 词或者动名词 John and his brother are good at playing ball games. be good with 意为“和.相处得好，善 待.” Mr. Smith is good with children. be good to 意为“对友好 They are

8、 good to the new students. 9.hardly,hard 词汇 含义 用法 例句 hardly 副词,“几乎不:几乎没有” 可修饰动词 I could hardly stand after a long walk. hard 副词,“努力地:猛烈地” 修饰动词 Its hard work, so you must work hard. 形容词,“难的:硬的 修饰名词 10.how often,how long,how far,how soon how long 词汇 用法 例句 how often 用来对表示频率的副词或短语进行提问 How often do you g

9、o to the movies? how long 询问时间时,表示“多长时间”,回答通常用“for+ 一 段时间“或“since+时间点”;还可用来询问物体的长 度 -How long does it take to get to Beijing from Shanghai? -For two hours. how far 询问距离的长短 How far is it from here to the park? how soon 表示“要过多久”,回答通常用“in+一段时间” How soon will they come back? -In two weeks. 11. sometimes

10、, some times, some time, sometime 词汇 含义 例句 sometimes 意为“有时:不时”,多用于一般现在时 My father sometimes goes shopping with my mother. some times 意为“几次:几倍”,其中 time 意为“次:倍”,是可 数名词 They tried some times, at last they gave up. some time 意为“一些时间”,其中time意为”时间”,是不可 数名词 It took me some time to finish the work. sometime

11、 意为“某个时候”,常用于一般将来时 He may visit the Great Wall sometime. 12. hard-working, hard work, work hard 词汇 含义 例句 hard-working 用作形容词,意为“勤勉的;努力工作的”。 Mike is a hard-working boy. hard work 用作名词短语,意为“辛苦的工作”,hard 是 形容词,修饰不可数名词 work。 This is hard work. How can we finish it? work hard 用作动词短语,意为“努力工作”, hard 是副 词,修饰动

12、词 work。 -Mom, I work hard every day. -Good work. 13. both,all 词汇 用法 例句 both 可作形容词或代词,意为“两者都”。作主语时谓语动词 用复数形式,通常位于连系动词、助动词或情态动词之 后,行为动词之前。 Both your brother and you can go to the movies with us. all 可作形容词或代词,意为“三者或三者以上都”。 作主语 时谓语动词用复数形式,通常位于连系动词、助动词或 情态动词之后,行为动词之前。 Please hurry,Tony.All of the other s

13、tudents are waiting for you. 14. loud, loudly 词汇 含义 例句 loud 既可作形容词,也可作副词,意为“喧闹的(地):大声的 (地)”。其比较级 louder 指“更大声音的”。 The teacher spoke in a loud voice. loudly 副词,意为“大声地”,含有“喧闹”的意味。 Dont play the music so loudly. 15. the other,the others,other,others,another 词汇 含义 例句 the other 特指两者中的“另一个”,one .the other

14、.意为 “一个另一个” the other之后也可接数 词或复数名词,特指“其他的”。 He has two brothers. One is a teacher, and the other is a doctor. the others 特指某一范围内的”其他的人或物”,是“the other 的复数形式,相当于“the other+复数名词 “。 You two stay here, and the others go with me. other 作形容词或代词,泛指“别的;其他的”。 We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects

15、. others 泛指“其他的人或物”。 Some students are doing homework; others are talking loudly. another 泛指三个或三个以上同类事物中的“另一个” 作代替或修饰单数可数名词。 I dont like this one. Please show me another. 16. reach, get to, arrive 词汇 用法 例句 reach 及物动词,其后接宾语 John reached the shopping center and bought two dresses. get to 后接地点名词,如果接 th

16、ere,here 或 home 等地点 副词,to 必须省略 They got to the West Lake and took many beautiful photos. arrive 不及物动词,后接地点名词时必须加介词 at 或 in.如果地点是范围大的地方如国家、城市等用 in,如果地点是范围小的地方如学校、商店等用 at.接 there,here 或 home 等地点副词时不用介词 in 或 at。 When you arrive at the train station, I will meet you. 17. find, find out, look for 词汇 含义 例

17、句 find “找到:发现”,通常强调寻找的结果。 I found that book under the table. find out “弄清:查明”,指经过调查、询问、研究后搞清楚、弄 明白,后面常跟宾语从句。 Please find out when the train leaves. look for “寻找”,强调“找”的过程。 I am looking for my keys everywhere. 18.news, information, message 词汇 含义 例句 news 不可数名词,多指来自电视、 报纸等媒体的最 新消息。 There is so much new

18、s from CCTV. information 不可数名词,指来自各种渠道的信息。 I dont have any first-hand information about the project. message 可数名词,指口信或便条式的留言等。 Can you take a message for me? 19.expect, hope, wish 词汇 含义 用法 例句 expect “期待,指望,预料”表 示期待的事客观上 有可能发生。 expect(sb.)to do sth.“期待(某 人)做某事” expect+that 从句, “期待”。 We expected him t

19、o arrive yesterday. I expect that l will be back on Sunday. hope 表示可以实现或能 达成的“希望”。 Hope to do sth. 希 望 做 某 事hope+tha 从 句,“希望”。 We hope that we can see you again. We hope to see you again. wish 表示某种强烈的“愿 望”:后跟从句时,一 般表示难以实现的 “愿望”,从句常用虚 拟语气。 wish (sb.) to do sth. “希望(某 人)做某事”wish+that从句,“希 望”。 wish him

20、 to make progress. I wish (that) I could fly like a bird. 20.more,less,fewer 词汇 含义 用法 例句 more many 或 much 的比较级, 表示 “更多的”。 后跟可数名词复数或不 可 数名词。 Mr. Smith wanted to get more money. less little 的比较级,表示“较少 的, 更少的”。 后跟不可数名词。 You should have less junk food to keep healthy. fewer few 的比较级,表示“较少的,更 少的”。 后跟可数名词

21、复数。 I have fewer friends in that school. 21.during,for,in 词汇 含义 例句 during 介词,表示“在期间”。 People usually travel during the National Day holiday months. for 介词,接一段时间,表示“某事持续多久”,提问时用 how long. Mike and his parents will stay in China for three in 介词,接一段时间,表示“时间之后”,提问时用 how soon。in 后也可以接具体的时间。 We will be ba

22、ck in two days. 22.every, each 词汇 含义 例句 every 形容词,意为“每一个”,指三者或三者以上中的“每一 个”,側重总体,不能单独使用。 Every one agrees with Ms. Browns idea. each 形容词,意为”每一个”,指两者或两者以上中的”每一 个”,侧重个体:each 还可以用作代词,可作主语或宾 语,其后可跟 of 介词短语。 There are many flowers on each side of the street. 23.answer,reply 词汇 含义 例句 answer 是普通用语,包括用口头、书面或

23、行动回答。既可 作及物动词也可作不及物动词,常与 question 搭配 使用,表示回答问题,此问题难度较小。 He answered my question. reply 指用口头或书面形式回答。 作不及物动词时,常与 to 搭配,reply to.意为“对作出回答”,作及物 动词时,意为“回答:回答说”,后常接 that 从句。 I asked him, but he didnt reply to me. 24. weekday,weekend 词汇 含义 例句 weekday 可数名词,意为”工作日”。指星期一到星期五 的任何一天。on weekdays,意为“在工作日”。 During

24、 weekdays we are busy learning something new. weekend 可数名词,意为”周末”。指星期六和星期日。 On weekends the children can do what they like at home. 25. invite, invitation 词汇 含义 例句 invite 及物动词,意为“邀请”。invite sb.to+地点,表示 “邀 请某人去某地“invite sb. to do sth.表示“邀 请某人做某事”。 George, I will invite you to my birthday party. invit

25、ation 名词,意为”邀请”。 John, thanks for your invitation. 26. advice, advise 词汇 含义 例句 advice 用作不可数名词,意为“建议”。常用短语:give advice to sb. 给某人提建议:take ones advice 接 受某人的建 Take my advice, and you will have better grades. advise 用作动词,意为“劝告:建议”。常用短语:advise sb.on/about sth.意为“关于给某人忠告/建 议”。 advise sb. to do sth.意为“劝告某人做某事”。 Our teacher advised us to have good hobbies.