人教版九年级英语Unit2 Grammar培优讲义(含答案)
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1、 Unit2 Grammar that 和和 if/whether 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 在复合句中,如果由一个句子充当宾语,这个句子叫作宾语从句。引导宾语从句的常见关联词有 that, if/whether, what, who, where, why 和 how 等,本单元主要学习 that 和 if/whether 引导的宾语从句。 一、that 引导的宾语从句 1. 关联词 当宾语从句是陈述句时,用 that 引导,that 在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 I think(that)hell return in an hour.我想他将在一个小时以后回来。 The teacher
2、 said(that) I was right. 老师说我是正确的。 【拓展】关联词 that 在下列情况下不可省略: (1)当宾语从句的主语是 that 时。 He says that that is a map of the city. 他说那是一副城市地图。 (2)当宾语从句前有插入语时。 He says, in his letter, that he misses us very much. 在他的信中,他说他非常想念我们。 (3)当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。 I cant tell him that his father died. 我不能告诉他他父亲去世了。 【典例】My m
3、other told me_ she would go to the shop. A. that B. which C. what D. who 【答案】A 2. 时态 (1)如果主句为一般现在时,从句可选择任意适当的时态。 Im sorry to hear that you were ill last week. 听说你上周病了,我很难过。 (2)如果主句是一般过去时,从句一般要用过去的某种时态。 She didnt know that Tom had left for Shanghai. 她不知道汤姆已经动身去了上海。 (3) 当宾语从句是表达客观事实或自然规律的句子时, 即使主句用过去时
4、态, 宾语从句仍用一般现在时态。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 老师告诉我们光的传播速度比声音快。 二、if/whether 引导的宾语从句 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时,常用 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句,if/whether 意为是否。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。 【拓展】一般
5、情况下,if 和 whether 可互换,在口语中多用 if,而在以下几种情况下,只能用 whether。 (1)当 or not 直接跟在关联词后时,只能用 whether。 I dont know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。 (2)在动词不定式之前只能用 whether。 He dosent know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。 (3)在介词后通常用 whether。 It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。 【助记】宾语从句
6、的用法 【典例】 (2015 南京) I saw David in the teachers office this morning. Do you know _ he was there? He went there to hand in his homework. A. how B. whether C. when D. why 【答案】D 宾语从句三姊妹,that,if/whether,wh-/how 展风采。 展风采有三关,引导词、语序、时态在把关。 主从时态要一致,陈述语序永不变。 陈述请你选 that,疑问需用 if/whether 连。 特殊问句作宾从,原来问词不用换。 三关过后
7、莫得意,人称、标点需注意。 留意变脸的 if/when,从句的简化记心间。 感叹句感叹句 一、定义:感叹句是表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情的句子。 二、种类:感叹句通常有 what 或 how 引导,常用结构: 1. what 引导的感叹句:引导的感叹句: (1)What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数(+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他) ! What a beautiful birthday present! 多美的生日礼物呀! (2)What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数形式 (+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他) ! What interesting stories(they are)!(
8、它们是)多么有趣的故事呀! (3)What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他) ! What fine weather! 多好的天气呀! 【归纳】 what 的基本句型 例句 What a/an形容词单数名 词(主语谓语)! (以元音音素 开头的形容词前面要用 an) What an interesting story (it is)! 多么有趣的故事啊! What形容词复数名词(主 语谓语)! What beautiful flowers (they are)! 多么漂亮的花呀! What形容词不可数名词( 主语谓语)! What delicious food (i
9、t is)! 多么好吃的食物啊! 2. how 引导的感叹句:引导的感叹句: (1)How + 形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其他) ! How tall the tree is! 多么高的树呀! (2)How + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数(+主语+谓语) ! How beautiful a flower! 多美的一朵花呀! 【拓展】what 引导的感叹句通常可与 how 引导的感叹句进行转换。 What a lovely girl she is! = How lovely a girl she is! 她是多么可爱的一个女孩啊! 【典例】 (2015 苏州)Guan D
10、ong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _ great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How 【归纳】 how 的基本句型 例句 How形容词(主语谓语)! How kind (the girl is)! (这个女孩)多么善良啊! How副词(主语谓语)! How well (she dances)! (她舞跳得)多好啊! How主语谓语! (此句型中 how 修饰动词,但动 词不提前。) How time flies! 时间过得真快呀! 【魔法记忆】感叹句的引导词 wh
11、at 和 how: 1. 根据所接词汇有无名词来判断。若所接词汇为名词或名词短语,该引导词用 what;若所接词汇只有形容 词或副词,无名词,则该引导词用 how。 2. 句中有名词,根据主语和主语前的词汇判断。若主语前的词汇为名词或名词短语,该引导词应用 what; 若主语前的词汇为形容词,则该引导词应用 how。 【典例】用 what 或 how 填空: _ clever girls they are! _ clever the girls are! 【答案】What How 【解析】第句中的主语为 they,they 前的 girls 为名词,且 clever 与 girls 中间无其他
12、词(如定冠词 the 或物 主代词等), clever girls 意为聪明的女孩, 为名词短语, 则应用 What。 第句中虽有名词 girls, 但 girls 前存在定冠词 the, the girls 为名词短语, 作主语, clever 不能与 the girls 一起构成名词短语, 即主语 the girls 前只有形容词 clever,则应用 How。 I. 单项选择。单项选择。 1. Could you tell me _? At the end of July. A. how often he heard from his pen pal B. how soon he wil
13、l be here C. that he went on vacation D. when you will start your vacation 2. May I ask you _? A. if or not there is a toilet near here B. whether is there a school around here C. that there is a hospital in the neighborhood D. whether we should hand in the homework at once 3. (2016 江苏扬州市竹西中学九年级上学期
14、12 月月考) The match is so exciting. The opposite team is really strong. Youre right. But I am sure _ our team will win! A. if B. that C. whether D. why 4.(2016 江苏无锡市南长区九年级上学期期中) _ unusual experience you had in the USA! A. What a B. What an C. What D. How 5. How do you like the program The Voice of Chi
15、na? _ amazing program it is! Many people like to watch it. A. What B. How an C. What an D. How 6. Could you please tell me _? Yes.There is one on Center Street. A. where can I buy some stamps B. when you will take your vacation C. when was the telephone invented D. if there are any good restaurants
16、around here 7. How long does it take to get to the airport? Forty minutes. But its foggy today. Im not sure _ the highway will be closed soon. Lets set off earlier. A. whether B. when C. how D. why 8. What about going to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend? OK.But Im not sure _ it will rain. A.
17、why B.where C.when D.whether 9. _ interesting the storybook is! Yes. I have read it twice. A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 10.Could you please tell me _? Yes, sure. A. if there is a bookshop near here B. where can I buy a stamp C. when will the next bus arrive D. you like to eat what 11.Excuse m
18、e, can I interview Mr. Miller this afternoon? A moment, please. Let me check _. A. if Mr. Miller will be free B. when will Mr. Miller have time C. if Mr. Miller had an appointment D. when does Mr. Miller come back 12. What did your granddaughter say just now? She wondered _. A. what time was it B. w
19、hether the book was written by Mark Twain C. how could she use the MP4 D. when she will have a final test 13. I wonder if he _ this weekend. If he _, Ill let you know. A. will com/will come B. will come/ comes C. comes/ comes D. comes/ will come 14.Whatever he does, he will tell his mother. honest b
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- 人教版九年级英语Unit2
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