人教版八年级英语上册Unit2 Section B培优讲义（含答案）

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1、 Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 2. 2 Section B 1. She says its good for my health. 她说它（牛奶）对我的健康有好处。她说它（牛奶）对我的健康有好处。 （1）be good for 意为对有益，后可跟名词、代词或动名词。其反义短语 be bad for 意为对 有害。 Eating vegetables is good for your health. 吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 be good for，be good at，be good with 与与 be good to be g

2、ood for 意为对有益 Doing morning exercise is good for you. 做早操对你有益处。 be good at 意为擅长， 后接名 词、代词或动名词 Im good at playing basketball. 我擅长打篮球。 be good with 意 为 善 于 应 对 He is good with children. 他管理孩子有一套。 be good to 意为对友好 She is always good to me. 她总是对我很友好。 （2）health 不可数名词，意为健康，常用于短语 be/stay/keep in good healt

3、h，意为保持健康，相当 于 be/stay/keep healthy。 Fresh air and exercise are good for our health. 新鲜空气和运动对我们的健康有益。 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】 health 的形容词形式是 healthy，意为健康的；healthy 的副词形式 healthily，意为健康地。 To keep healthy, you should eat healthily. 为了保持健康，你应该吃得健康。 Smoking will _ your health. A. be good for B. good at C. be bad for

4、 D. bad at 【答案】C 2. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管很多学生喜欢看运动尽管很多学生喜欢看运动 类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。 although 用作连词，意为虽然；尽管，相当于 though，用来引导让步状语从句。 Although my grandpa is old, he looks very strong and healthy. 虽然我的爷爷老了，但他看上去很健壮。 Although it rained

5、, the boys still played outside. 尽管下雨了，但是那些男孩仍在外面玩耍。 =It rained, but the boys still played outside. 注意：在英语的表达习惯中，当表示虽然，但是时，although/though 不和 but 在同一个句子 中使用（即二者只能取其一） 。但可以和 yet 连用。 Although he was tired, he didnt stop to have a rest. He was tired, but he didnt stop to have a rest. 尽管他累了，但他没有停下来去休息。

6、_ the man is rich, _ he is not happy. A. Although；but B. Although；/ C. But；although D. Although；so 【答案】B 【解析】句意：虽然这个人很富有，但是他不开心。although 虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句，但是不能 和 but 连用，因为它们都是连词，故排除 A 和 C；根据句意可知选 B。 3. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you pl

7、ay together. 比如进行体育活动这样的锻炼是有趣的， 当你们一起运动时你可以和朋友、 家人一起度过时光。比如进行体育活动这样的锻炼是有趣的， 当你们一起运动时你可以和朋友、 家人一起度过时光。 （1）such as 意为例如；像一样，多用来列举同类人或事物中的几个。 There are many big cities in China, such as Beijing and Shanghai. 中国有许多大城市，比如北京和上海。 （2）spend 及物动词，在此意为度过，还可表示花费（时间、金钱等）。 Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们

8、一起过周末吧。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 spend 花费 （时间、 金钱等） 主语是人 常用结构为 spend.on sth 和 spend.doing sth cost 价格为；需支付 主语多为物 常用句型为 Sth cost(s) sb some money. take 花费（时间） it 作形式主语，真正的 主语是后面的不定式 常用句型为It takes/took sb some time to do sth. pay 支付（钱） 主语是人 常用结构为 pay. for sth 1. He bought a lot of fruit, _ apples and oranges. A.

9、such as B. for example C. so as D. same as 【答案】A 2. I spend two hours _ reading English every day. A. on B. to C. for D. in 【答案】D 【解析】 句意： 我每天花两个小时阅读英语。 spend 的主语是人， 常用的句型结构是 sb spend some time/money in doing sth。故选 D。 4. However, she has some bad habits, too. 然而，她也有一些坏习惯。然而，她也有一些坏习惯。 however 此处用作副词

10、，意为然而；不过，可位于句首、句中或句末。 注意：一般情况下，当 however 位于句首时，其后加逗号；位于句末时，其前加逗号；位于句中时，其前 后都加逗号。 She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 however 然而；不过，作副词 不能直接连接两个分句，须另起一新句，用逗号隔开，表示一 种补充关系。 but 但是，作连词 可连接前后两个分句，表示一种转折关系 We arrived at Disneyland last Sunday, _, we couldnt get in. A.

11、and B. because C. however D. so 【答案】C 5. Less than six. 不到不到 6 个（小时） 。个（小时） 。 less than 意为不到；少于，其反义短语为 more than，意为多于；超过，其中 less 用作副词， 意为较少。 He sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到 7 个小时。 We live here for less than two years. 我们在这儿住了不到两年。 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】 less 还可用作形容词，意为较少的；更少的，修饰不可数名词。

12、There is less water in this river. 这条河里的水更少。 Why do you make friends with Joe? He isnt a good student, but _ he is honest. A. almost B. at least C. less than D. more than 【答案】B 【解析】 句意： 你为什么和乔交朋友？ 他虽然不是一个好学生， 但是至少他诚实。 A. almost 几乎， 差不多；B. at least 至少；C. less than 低于，少于；D. more than 超过，多于。从语境可以推测至少他是

13、诚 实的。故选 B。 6. percent n. 百分之百分之 （1）percent 单复数同形。与数词连用时，数词应置于 percent 之前。 twenty percent 百分之二十 （2）percent of 后接名词作主语时，of 后的名词如果为不可数名词或单数可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式； 若为可数名词复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。 65 percent of the children play computer games. 百分之六十五的孩子玩电脑游戏。 Sixty percent of the water in the lake _ clean and clear now.

14、 A. are B. is C. was D. were 【答案】B 7. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用网络或观看游戏类节目放松是好的，但我们认为通过锻炼的方式放松是通过使用网络或观看游戏类节目放松是好的，但我们认为通过锻炼的方式放松是 最好的。最好的。 （1） 本句是由 but 连接的并列复合句。 前一个分句中， It 是形式主语， 真正的主语是动词不定式短语 to re

15、lax by using the Internet or watching game shows。该句型结构为 It isadj.（for sb.） to do sth. It is easy for me to play ping-pong. 打乒乓球对我来说是容易的。 It is important _ people _ good manners. A. for；to learn B. of；to learn C. for；learn D. of；learn 【答案】A 【解析】本题用固定句型法。考查固定句型：Itbe形容词for sb.to do sth.意为做某事对某人来说 是的。 （

16、2）by 为介词，意为通过；靠，此处表示方法、手段，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式。 He has to do all the work by hand. 所有的工作他都要靠手工完成。 You can practice soccer by joining a sports club. 你可以通过加入一个运动俱乐部来练习足球。 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】 （1）by交通工具（by 后不加冠词） ，意为乘/驾/。 I go to work by bike every day. 我每天骑自行车上班。 （2）by时间，意为到时（为止） ；在以前，by now 到目前为止。 I must go to

17、 bed by ten oclock. 我必须在 10 点之前上床睡觉。 You should know the truth by now. 现在你应该知道真相了。 （3）by地点，意为在旁边。 We live by the sea. 我们住在海边。 8. through prep. 以，凭借，穿过以，凭借，穿过 Go straight through that door under the EXIT sign. 直着穿过那道上方有安全出口字样的门。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】through 与与 across 用法用法 例句例句 through 穿过，表示从中通过，着重指 从内部空间的一头纵穿

18、到另一头。 The burglar came in through the window. 盗 贼是从窗户进来的。 across 穿过，表示从一个物体表面的一边 到另一边。 We walked across the bridge. 我们从桥上 走过。 We are walking _（穿过）the forest. 9. mind n. 头脑；心智头脑；心智 He is ninety years old, but his mind is sharp. 他虽然 90 岁了，但头脑很灵活。 （1）mind 作名词，可构成短语：change ones mind 改变主意；make up ones mi

19、nd 下决心。 I think nothing can change his mind. 我认为没什么可以改变他的主意。 （2）mind 用作动词，意为介意。常用句型Would you mind （ones）doing sth.?意为你介意（某 人）做某事吗？。 Would you mind （my） opening the door? 你介意（我）打开门吗？ Its too cold today. Would you mind _ the window? Certainly not. Go ahead. A. to close B. closing C. close D. closed 【答

20、案】B 10. such as 例如；像这样例如；像这样 Heroes such as Huang Jiguang will always live in the hearts of the people. 像黄继光这样的英雄人物， 将永 远活在人民的心里。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 such as 与与 like 用法用法 例句例句 such as 用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。 such as 后面可跟名词、代词或动名词。 Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很 友好。 I like drinks su

21、ch as cola and pop. 我喜欢诸 如可乐和汽水之类的饮料。 like 与 such as 可互换。但若 such as 分开使 用，则不可互换。 It also moved those who, like me, are too young to have lived through the war. 它也 感动了那些跟我一样、 太年轻而没有经历 过战争的人。 He knows five languages _ English and Japanese. A. are like B. such as C. such like D. as such 11. die v. 消失；灭

22、亡；死亡消失；灭亡；死亡 His grandfather died last winter. 去年冬天他祖父去世了。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 die of 与与 die from 用法用法 例句例句 die of 表示死于，多用于内因 Many people die of cancer. 很多人死于 癌症。 die from 表示死于，多用于外因 Toms uncle died from an earthquake. 汤 姆的叔叔死于一场地震。 die 的各种形式的各种形式： The tree has been dead for a month. 这棵树死了一个月了。 The death o

23、f his pet cat made him very sad. 他的宠物猫的死让他很伤心。 The girl has been lonely since her mother _. A. die B. died C. death D. dead 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个女孩自从她妈妈去世后就很孤独。这是一个含有 since 的现在完成时态的句子，since 引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时。A. die 死亡，动词原形；B. died 死亡，动词过去式；C. death 死亡， 名词；D. dead 死的，形容词。故选 B。 12. However, she has some bad

24、habits, too. 然而，她也有一些坏习惯。然而，她也有一些坏习惯。 however 此处作副词，意为“然而，不过” ，可位于句首、句中或句末。 注意：注意： 一般情况下，当 however 位于句首时，其后加逗号；位于句末时，其前加逗号；位于句中时，其前后 都加逗号。 She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。 His brother, however, has other ideas. 然而他的哥哥有别的想法。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 however 与与 but however “然而，不过”作副词 不能

25、直接连接两个分局，须另起新句， 用逗号隔开，表示一种补充关系 but “但是” ，作连词 可连接前后两个分句， 表示一种转折关系 13. None. 没有一个。没有一个。 none 用作代词，意为“没有一个；毫无” ，用于回答以 how many 或 how much 开头的问句。 How many boys are there in the room? 房间里有多少男孩？ None. 一个也没有。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 none 与与 no one none 既可指人，也可指物；可单独使用，也可和 of 连用，后跟不可数名词或可数名 词复数；none of 与不可数名词连用作主语时，谓语

26、动词用单数，与可数名词复数 连用作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数均可；用于回答以 how many 或 how much 开 头的问句 no one 只能指人，不可指物；一般单独使用，不和 of 连用；作主语时，谓语动词用 单数；用于回答以 who 开头的问句 I turned to bookshops and libraries looking for information and found _. A. none B. both C. one D. neither 【答案】A 14. point n. 得分；点得分；点 point 可作名词，意为得分，也可意为点；要点；意思。 If you

27、answer the question correctly, you can get 5 points. 如果你正确地回答了这个问题， 你就能得到5分。 I cant see your point. 我不明白你的意思。 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】 point 可作动词指着讲，point to（指远处）/at（指近处）sb./sth. 指着某人/ 某物。 He pointed to the door and there I saw a girl smiling at me. 他指向门，我看见那 里有一位姑娘朝着我微笑。 The teacher pointed at the map and told

28、 me the position of Britain. 老师指着地图 告诉我英国的位置。 How many _ can you get in the basketball match? A. point B. points C. pointing D. pointed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这次篮球比赛，你能得多少分？how many 后接可数名词复数。 15. almost adv. 几乎；差不多几乎；差不多 almost 是常用的程度副词， 意为几乎， 差不多， 同义词是 nearly。 almost 常位于行为动词之前， 系动词、 情态动词和助动词之后。 He almost ate

29、 all the hamburgers in the restaurant. 他几乎吃了那家饭店里所有的汉堡包。 【知识拓展】【知识拓展】 almost 不能与 not 连用，但可与 no，none，nobody，nothing，never 等否定词 连用。 Almost nobody believed her. 几乎没有人相信她。 差不多所有的客人都来了。 _ all the guests _ here. 【答案】Almost；are I. 单词拼写单词拼写 1. I dont want to go there by myself. Lets go t_. 2. Reading a lot

30、can open your m_. 3. The workers were very tired, but n_ of them stopped working. 4. They walked t_ the forest and arrived at the small house yesterday. 5. My mother usually spends the evening watching t_. 6. I have a toothache. I want to see a _ (牙医). 7. He _ (几乎) slept in the math class so our tea

31、cher was angry. 8. He is tired. _ (不过), he still helps his parents with housework. 9. He has more _ (比) 500 books in his bookcase. 10. I often buy new _ (杂志) for my son. II. 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 1. It takes _（little）time to go there by underground than by bus. 2. Most parents dont think it is _（he

32、alth）for children to stay up too late at night. 3. Its important for us _（learn）a foreign language. 4. Lao She is a great _（write）and hes especially famous for his play, Teahouse. 5. Mo Yan is a famous _ (write). 6. If people dont exercise, the illness can go into their _ (body) easily. 7. Jim got t

33、en _ (point)in the basketball match. 8. Im _ at the _ news.（surprise） 9. Many good habits _ (die) these years. 10. It is a bad habit in most peoples _ (mind). III. 根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词 1. 你应该有个更好的饮食习惯。 You should have a better _ _. 2. 你多长时间去看一次电影？ _ _ do you _ a film? 3. 这个男人太忙了。一年中他待在家里的时

34、间不超过 20 天。 The man is too busy. He stays at home for _ _ _ 20 days in a year. 4. 我知道一个叫特德的 8 岁男孩一天锻炼一次。 I know an _ boy called Ted exercises once a day. 5. 这个女孩说她害怕看牙医。 The girl said she was afraid to _ _ _ _. 6. 妈妈想让我每天吃健康食物。 Mum _ _ _ _healthy food every day. 7. 我们班有不到十位学生晚上学习多于四个小时。 There are _ _

35、 ten students in our class studying for _ _ four hours in the evening. 8. 不要花费大量的时间玩电脑游戏。 Dont _ much time _ computer games. 9. 一些学生根本不锻炼。 Some students dont _ _ _. 10. 对我们而言保持健康很重要。 Its very important for us to _ _. IV. 按要求完成下列各题按要求完成下列各题 1. There are over 2, 000 books in our school library. (改为同义句

36、) There are _ _ 2, 000 books in our school library. 2. I almost never eat junk food.(改为同义句) I _ _ eat junk food. 3. She eats junk food once a week. (对画线部分提问) _ _ _ she eat junk food? 4. I sleep nine hours every night.(对画线部分提问) _ _ hours do you sleep every night? 5. Mary is a 16-year-old girl. (改为同义句

37、) Mary is _ _ _. V. 单项选择单项选择 1. Cola is _, and its not good for your _. A. healthy；health B.unhealthy；healthy C. unhealthy；health D.health；health 2. Id like some more apple juice. Sorry, theres _ left. A.nothing B.none C.few D.a few 3. _ is important _ us to do morning exercises every day. A.That；fo

38、r B.It；for C.This；of D.It；of 4. We all like to be _. A.keep healthy B.keep in good health C.in good health D.healthily 5. My dad _ a lawyer when I grow up. A. wants me to B. wants me to be C. wants D. wants to 6. How many hours do you play computer games every week? _. My mother doesnt allow me to d

39、o that at all. A. Both B. Either C. All D. None 7. Do you know the answer _ the question? A. in B. to C. at D. for 8. Sixty percent of the students like reading English. means _ students like reading English. A. Most B. Few C. All D. No 9. The man looks young. I think he is Jims brother._, he is Jim

40、s father. A. Whoever B. So C. Because D. However 10. You look tired, Anna. Why? I _ to read an interesting book. A. got up B. called up C. stayed up D. picked up I. 完形填空完形填空 How often do you exercise? Im sorry to say that I exercise 1 than once a week. I know it is not a 2 way of living for a 3 boy.

41、 4 , I dont have much time to exercise. I love sports. I used to be (过去是) a member of the swimming team and the 5 team in school. I 6 every Monday and Thursday, and I played volleyball every day after school. But I 7 the teams in September last year, because I had to spend much more time on my study

42、. Now I have 8 time to do sports or have fun. I hardly watch TV or play computer games, 9 . My father says 10 is very important. I hope I have time to exercise with him. 1. A. less B. more C. better 2. A. bad B. healthy C. wrong 3. A. 17 years old B. 17-year-old C. 17-years-old 4. A. So B. Although

43、C. However 5. A. basketball B. tennis C. volleyball 6. A. played football B. went swimming C. went online 7. A. joined B. disliked C. left 8. A. little B. few C. a few 9. A. too B. also C. either 10. A. play sports B. playing sports C. played sports II. 阅读理解阅读理解 Do you hope to do a lot of homework e

44、very evening? Are you interested in your English classes? Who do you want to teach you? Maybe you have lots of questions in your mind before school starts. Well, I want to give you some good advice on these problems. First, keep calm(平静). Dont worry about all the problems you have. Put your heart in

45、to learning, and you can find something you are interested in. Do it actively. Second, try your best to finish your homework quickly. Dont spend a lot of time on it. Do more reading or writing in English. Think about the problems you have and solve them at once. Dont stay up(熬夜) late, or you cant st

46、udy well the next day. Third, invent something instead of copying or repeating. If you can remember the words in your way, you can tell your teachers you dont like the way of copying them again and again. Be sure, you must pass the test. I think your teachers will agree with you. And they can give y

47、ou some interesting work to do. School is really a good place for us to learn. Believe in your teachers and yourself. You are the best one and you can do everything well. 1. The writer writes this article in order to (为了)_. A. ask students not to do their homework B. tell students what a good teache

48、r and a good school are C. give students some good ways of learning D. ask the students not to listen to the teacher carefully 2. How many pieces of advice does the writer give us? A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six 3. What does the writer tell students to do about their homework? A. They should spend

49、much time on it. B. Do the homework quickly. C. They should do more reading or writing in English. D. They should stay up late doing their home-work. 4. Whats the third piece of advice about? A. Study in your own way. B. How to get high marks. C. How to get on well with the teachers. D. What kind of

50、 schoolwork is better for students. 5. According to (根据) the passage, students should believe in _. A. themselves and their parents B. their parents and teachers C. their classmates and their friends D. themselves and their teachers III. 补全对话补全对话 A: 1 ?(how often) B:She plays volleyball twice a week