2021年新目标八年级上册Unit1 Section A Grammar Focus-3c课件

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1、 Objectives To practice the usage of anyone, someone, everyone, anything, something, everything and nothing. To learn new words: myself, yourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, someone, diary To sum up the simple past tense. Where did you go on your vacation? Did you go to the zoo? Were there any? What els

2、e did you do? Lets talk! Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone? No, no one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. How was the food? No, I bought nothing. Did everyone have a good time? Oh, y

3、es. Everything was excellent. Grammar Focus 1. 你去了什么地方去度假？你去了什么地方去度假？ _ _ you go on _? 2. 我去了纽约市。我去了纽约市。 I _ _ New York City. 3. 你和别的什么人一起去的吗？你和别的什么人一起去的吗？ _ _ go out with _? vacation Where did went to Did you anyone 认真读并观察认真读并观察Grammar focus内容，完成下列句子内容，完成下列句子 并试着总结一般过去时态的用法。并试着总结一般过去时态的用法。 4. 不，没有别

4、人在这儿。每个人都在度假。不，没有别人在这儿。每个人都在度假。 No. _ _ was here. _ was on _. 5. 你买了什么特别的东西了吗？你买了什么特别的东西了吗？ _ you buy _ _? 6. 是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。 Yes, I _ _ for my father. 7. 不，我没有买什么东西。不，我没有买什么东西。 No, I _ _. No one Everyone vacation anything special Did bought something bought nothing 8. 吃的怎么样？吃的怎么样？_ _ t

5、he food? 9. 所有的东西尝起来都很好。所有的东西尝起来都很好。 _ _ really good. 10. 每个人都玩得很开心吗？每个人都玩得很开心吗？ _ _ have a good time? 11. 哦，是的。一切都很棒。哦，是的。一切都很棒。 Oh, yes. _ was excellent. How was Everything tasted Did everyone Everything 1.定义定义: 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态， 常和表示过去的常和表示过去的时间状语时间状语(如如yesterday, last ni

6、ght, in 1990, two days ago.)连用；连用； 2) 也也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示，常和表示频度的频度的 时间状语时间状语(如如often, always)连用。连用。 一般过去时 有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？ 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用。 a）时间状语）时间状语 ago (two hours ago) (一一段时间段时间+ago) yesterday (句句子开头或结子开头或结尾尾) the day before yesterday l

7、ast week, last (year, night, month) 具体时具体时间间 (如如Jan. fourth) just now at the age of one day long ago once upon a time（很久以前）（很久以前） and so on this morning long long ago Sentences I did my homework yesterday. I played soccer last Sunday. I cleaned my room last week. I went to the beach three years ago.

8、 I played tennis with my friends last weekend. I went to the movies three days ago. 注注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week”等，实际上“”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去与现在对立的过去”，亦即”，亦即 “非现在的以前非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分 钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在” 形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到形成对立，就必须使用一般

9、过去时来表达。在谈到 已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。 e.g. He was here only a few minutes ago. 仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。 I came home just now. 我刚回到家。我刚回到家。 I got up very early this morning. 今天早晨我起床很早。今天早晨我起床很早。 He was late for school again today. 今天他又迟到了。今天他又迟到了。 a) 动动词变化规则词变化规则 规则变化规则变化: 1. 直接加直接加ed： work wor

10、ked look looked play played 2. 以以e结尾的单词，直接加结尾的单词，直接加d： live lived hope hoped use used 3. 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i加加ed： study studied carry carried worry worried 4. 以元音字母以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加结尾的，直接加ed： enjoy enjoyed play played 5. 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母字母+ed： stop stopped plan planned 规则动词过去

11、式词尾规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音的读音 读音规则读音规则 读读 音音 例例 词词 在浊辅音和元音后面在浊辅音和元音后面 /d/ moved /mu:vd/ 在浊辅音和元音后面在浊辅音和元音后面 /t/ passed /pa:st/ 在清辅音后面在清辅音后面 /id/ needed /ni:did/ am, is was are were go went do did have had come came take took say said eat ate see saw get got put put sleep slept give gave write wrote read read

12、 b) 动动词不规则变化词不规则变化 /red/ buy bought sit sat run ran swim swam make made feel felt hear heard grow grew tell told know knew find found begin began bring brought stand stood spend spent catch caught teach taught 动词不规则变化动词不规则变化 基本结构基本结构： be动词的过去动词的过去式式 Present Past am was is was are were 单数单数 复数复数 I wa

13、s we were you were (一個人一個人) you were (不只一人不只一人) she was they were he was it was 肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+was (were) +其它其它. e.g. I was late yesterday. 昨天我迟到了。昨天我迟到了。 否定句：主语否定句：主语+was (were) +not+其它其它. e.g. We werent late yesterday. 我们昨天没迟到。我们昨天没迟到。 Be 动词的一般过去时态构成：动词的一般过去时态构成： 疑问句：疑问句：Was (Were) +主语主语+其它其它? e.g.

14、Were you ill yesterday? 你昨天病了吗？你昨天病了吗？ 肯定回答：肯定回答： Yes, I was. 是的，我病了。是的，我病了。 否定句：否定句： No, I wasnt. 不，我没病。不，我没病。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语主语+其它其它? e.g. When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？你是什么时候出生的？ A:How your vacation, Lin? B: It pretty good. A: How the beaches? B: They great. A: How the weat

15、her? B: It hot and wet. A: How the people? B: They unfriendly. A:How the stores? B: They expensive. was was were were was was were were were were be am/is(was) are(were) Be动词填动词填空空 肯定句肯定句要使用动词的要使用动词的过去式过去式，否定句和疑问句否定句和疑问句要要 使用助动词使用助动词do和和 does 的过去式的过去式 did。 肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+动词过去式动词过去式+其它其它. e.g. I went h

16、ome at nine oclock yesterday. 我昨天九点钟回的家。我昨天九点钟回的家。 否定句：主语否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形动词原形+其它其它. e.g. I didnt go home yesterday. 我昨天没回家。我昨天没回家。 实义动词的一般过去时态实义动词的一般过去时态 疑问句：疑问句：Did +主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其它其它. e.g. Did you go home yesterday? 你昨天回家了吗？你昨天回家了吗？ 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, I did. 是的，我回了。是的，我回了。 否定回答：否定回答：No, I didnt. 不，

17、我没回家。不，我没回家。 一般过去式的构成形式一般过去式的构成形式 肯定式肯定式 疑问式疑问式 否定式否定式 I worked . Did I work . I did not work . He /She/It worked . Did he /she/it work . He /She/It did not work . We worked . Did we work . We did not work . You worked . Did you work . You did not work . They worked . Did they work . They did not wo

18、rk . 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事； be用用was或用或用were, have, has变变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添；添； 疑问句也不难，疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是动词若是was, were,否定就把否定就把not添。添。 易易 记记 歌歌 谣谣 Last summer, I _to

19、 the beach with my parents. My vacation _pretty good . I _there by bus _my bus trip_ relaxing. The beach _ very beautiful . It _sunny. I _ beach volleyball and _swimming. The people _ friendly and the food was _. I _my vacation very much and I _to go there again. went was went and was was was were d

20、elicious enjoyed hope played went Write about your vacation and give a report. 某人某人 某事某事 任何人任何人 任何事任何事 没有人没有人 没有东西没有东西 每人每人 一切一切 someone anyone no one everyone somebody anybody nobody everybody something anything nothing everything 复合不定代词小结： 1. some, any, no, every与与-one, -thing ，-body可以可以 组成复合不定代词，

21、他们分别是：组成复合不定代词，他们分别是： 2. 复合不定代词用法复合不定代词用法 (1) some系列的不定代词和系列的不定代词和some一样主要用于一样主要用于肯肯 定定句；句；any系列的不定代词和系列的不定代词和any一样主要用于一样主要用于否否 定定或疑问句。如：或疑问句。如： There is _ wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出毛病了。我的自行车出毛病了。 I cant see _in the classroom. 在教室里我没看见任何人。在教室里我没看见任何人。 something anyone 不过，在表示不过，在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中请求、建

22、议或征求意见的疑问句中 常用常用some系列的词系列的词。 eg. Would you like _to drink? 你想要一些喝的东西吗？你想要一些喝的东西吗？ 在表达“在表达“任何任何”这一含义的肯定句中也要用”这一含义的肯定句中也要用 any系列的词系列的词。 eg. I think _ can do it. 我认为任何人都会做。我认为任何人都会做。 anyone something (2) 修饰复合不定代词修饰复合不定代词something, anyone等的等的adj,adv,to do不定式等不定式等要放在不定代词的后面。如：要放在不定代词的后面。如： Did you meet

23、_? 你遇见有趣的人了吗？你遇见有趣的人了吗？ I have _ to do today. 我今天没什么事可做。我今天没什么事可做。 Theres _ in the newspaper today. 今天的报纸里有一些重要的内容。今天的报纸里有一些重要的内容。 anyone interesting nothing something important (4) no 系列的不定代词可与系列的不定代词可与not.any 系列系列 的不定代词替换。的不定代词替换。 eg. I bought nothing.= I_buy _. 我什么也没买。我什么也没买。 didnt anything (3)这些

24、不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用 单数形式。单数形式。 eg. Everyone _ on vacation last weekends. 上周末上周末所有的人都在度假。所有的人都在度假。 was Linda: Did you do_ fun on your vacation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. Linda: How did you like it? Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so_ was really interesting

25、. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation. anything everything 3a anyone something anything everything nothing Linda: Did you go with_? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did you go shopping? Alice: Of course! I bought_ for my parents, but _for myself

26、. Linda: Why didnt you buy_ for yourself? Alice: I didnt really see _I liked. anyone something nothing anything anything Dear Bill, How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did _ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. _ was great. anything ever

27、ything nothing everyone no one Fill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box. anything everyone Everything 3b We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for

28、 now! Mark nothing no one Did you Everyone Someone(write the classmatesname ) No one eat anything at a restaurant? read anything interesting? visit anyone in your family? buy anything? keep a diary? Ask your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results. 3c In our group

29、, everyone ate something at a restaurant. 2. anyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything , nothing 等复合不定代词等复合不定代词 的用法。的用法。 Summary 1. 一一般过去时态的构成、用法，般过去时态的构成、用法， 动词过去式的构成规则。动词过去式的构成规则。 1. get 2. say 3. have 4. be 5. tell 6. think 7. write 8. drive 9. run 10. read .写出下列单词的过去式。 g

30、ot said had was, were told thought wrote drove ran read Exercises 11. see 12. stand 13. put 14. eat 15. buy 16. drink 17. sleep 18. come 19. play 20. study 21. listen saw stood put ate bought drank slept came played studied listened . 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. We _ (live) in Japan last year. 2. Jack_ (stop)

31、the car last Sunday. 3. Tom _ (clean) his room and _ (study) for the Chinese test last weekend. 4. What _ you _(do) last night? 5. On Sunday morning I _ (play) tennis. lived stopped cleaned studied did do played . 句型转换。 1. Lucy did her homework at home. (改改否定否定句句) 2. He found some meat in the fridge

32、(冰箱冰箱). (变变一般疑问句一般疑问句) 3. She stayed there for a week. (画画线部分提线部分提问问) Lucy didnt do her homework at home. Did he find any meat in the fridge? How long did she stay there? 4. She went to the beach last Sunday. (变一般疑问句变一般疑问句) 5.They stayed at home on vacation.(就画线部分提问就画线部分提问) Did she go to the beach l

33、ast Sunday? Where did they stay on vacation? 6. The weather was hot and humid. (变否定句变否定句) 7. Nancy went to the cinema last night. (改为同义句改为同义句) 8. The people in New York were friendly. (就画线部分提问就画线部分提问) The weather wasnt hot or humid. Nancy went to see a film last night. How were the people in New Yor

34、k? .汉译英。 1. 最近每个人都很忙。最近每个人都很忙。 2. 你假期做什么有趣的事了吗？你假期做什么有趣的事了吗？ 是是的的。我我去北京了。去北京了。 Everyone is very busy these days. Did you do anything fun on your vacation? Yes, I did. I went to Beijing. 3. 你假期过得怎么样？你假期过得怎么样？ How was your vacation? 4. 晚上没有什么事可做，只好看书。晚上没有什么事可做，只好看书。 There was nothing much to do in the

35、 evening but reading. 5. 我给我父母买了一些礼物，却没给自己买。我给我父母买了一些礼物，却没给自己买。 I bought some gifts for my parents, but nothing for myself. 中考链接 Learning is a lifelong journey because we can learn _ every day. A. nothing new B. new something C. something new “每天学习新的东西”，肯定 句用something，修饰语放在不 定代词后面。 C Almost _ in our group has been to the 2nd Digital China Summit. Its fantastic. A. someone B. everyone C. anyone “我们组几乎每个人都去过第 二届数字中国建筑峰会”，肯 定句用everyone。 B Homework 1. Write about your vacation in your exercise book. 2. Preview the next part.