2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测专题10:语法填空之记叙文(1)解析版
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1、专题专题 10 语法填空之记叙文语法填空之记叙文 (2020 届河南省名校联盟高三联考) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A female Arctic fox traveled nearly 2, 200 miles in 76 daysfrom Norway to Canadaand surprised Norwegian scientists in the process. The fox 41 (equip) with a satellite transmitter by scientists at the Norwegian Polar Inst
2、itute, where scientists wanted 42 (survey) just how far Arctic foxes travel from their birthplace. They found their answer: In less than three months, it went from Spitsbergen, 43 island in northern Norway, to Ellesmere Island in the northeastern part of Canada. The fox moved 44 a rate of 29 miles a
3、 day. At its fastest, it traveled nearly 100 miles in a single day while 45 (cross) Greenland. It set a record for the fastest movement rate ever 46 (document) in an Arctic fox. This is among the longest 47 (event) ever recorded for an Arctic fox, covering extensive stretches of sea ice and glaciers
4、, wrote Norwegian scientists Eva Fuglei and Arnaud Tarroux in a report. The journey was among the longest recorded by scientists, 48 it also raises questions of the effects 49 climate changes have on sea ice and animals that navigate the Arctic. The Arctic 50 (current) faces its most excellent trans
5、ition in human history, said Emily Osborne of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 【答案】 41was equipped 42to survey 43an 44at 45crossing 46documented 47events 48but 49that/which 50currently 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一只狐狸在 76 天里,从挪威到加拿大行进将近 2200 英里的故事。 41考查时态语态。分析句子可知,此处是主句谓语动词,由下文的 wanted 判断为一般
6、过去时,主语 the fox 和 equip 之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,故填 was equipped。 42考查固定短语。此处考查短语 want to do sth.“想要做某事”,故填 to survey。 43考查冠词。分析句子可知,此处作为 Spitsbergen 的同位语,意为“Spitsbergen,挪威北部的一个岛屿”是泛指,应用不定冠词,又 island 是元音音素开头,故填 an。 44考查介词。此处是固定搭配 at the rate of“以的速度”,故填 at。 45 考查状语从句的省略。 分析句子可知, 此处考查状语从句的省略, 原句为 At
7、 its fastest, it traveled nearly 100 miles in a single day while it was crossing Greenland。主从句主语都为 it,且从句中有 was,所以省略了 it was,用 crossing,故填 crossing。 46考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处是非谓语动词作后置定语,逻辑主语 rate 和 document之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,故填 documented。 47考查名词的数。among通常表达 “在众多的之中”,其后常跟复数名词,故填 events。 48考查并列连词。句意:这是科学家记录的最长
8、的旅途,但是它同时也提出了气候对海洋冰川和在北极航行的动物的影响问题。根据句意可知,上下文是转折关系,故填 but。 49考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句关系词,先行词 effects 在从句中充当 have 的宾语,应用关系代词,故填 that/which。 50考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词 face,故填 currently。 (2020 届河南省濮阳市高三第二次模拟) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Greta Thunberg, a 16-year-old Swedish climate change activ
9、ist, 41 (elect) as 2019s Person of The Year last week. In August 2018, tired of the refusal of world leaders 42 (take) action, the young girl started camping in front of the Swedish Parliament every Friday with 43 sign, which said: Schools Strike for Climate. The teens act soon spread quickly, 44 (i
10、nspire) kids and adults worldwide to take action. By September, 2018, her 45 (week) strike had become a worldwide climate change movement called Fridays for the Future, 46 tens of thousands of students skipping school on this day to condemn the inaction of the leaders of their respective countries.
11、The teenager, who has single-handedly helped bring climate change to the forefront of the global conversation, owes her 47 (succeed) to her Aspergers syndrome. She says, I see the world in black and white, and I dont like compromising. 48 I were like everyone else, I would have continued on and not
12、seen this. Though Thunberg does not have a magical cure for climate change, she 49 (believe) that climate change can be affected at a grassroots level by educating friends and electing 50 (politician) that support the cause. 【答案】 41was elected 42to take 43a 44inspiring 45weekly 46with 47success 48If
13、 49believes 50politicians 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一个名叫 Greta Thunberg 的瑞典女孩,因政府对气候问题的不作为,她每周五拿着写有“学校为气候罢工”的标牌在议会门口露营。在她的影响下,成千上万的学生加入进来,以此敦促政府采取措施。因为这个举动,Greta Thunberg被评为 2019 年度人物。 41考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,此处是句子谓语动词,主语 Greta Thunberg 和 elect之间是被动关系,由 last week 判断为一般过去时,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,故填 was elected。 42考查非谓语
14、动词。句意:在 2018年 8月,对世界领导拒绝采取行动感到厌烦,这个年轻的女孩开始每周五在瑞典议会门前露营,并拿着写着一个“学校为气候大罢工”的标牌。根据句意和结构可知,此处应用不定式作为名词 refusal 的后置定语,refusal to take action“拒绝采取行动”,故填 to take。 43考查冠词。句意:在 2018年 8 月,对世界领导决绝采取行动感到厌烦,这个年轻的女孩开始每周五在瑞典议会门前露营,并拿着写着一个“学校为气候大罢工”的标牌。sign 是可数名词,根据句意可知此处是泛指,应用不定冠词,又 sign 是辅音音素开头,故填 a。 44考查非谓语动词。分析句
15、子可知,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语 the teens act和 inspire之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填 inspiring。 45考查形容词。分析句子可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词 strike,weekly“每周的”,故填 weekly。 46考查介词。分析句子可知,此处考查 with 的复合结构作为伴随状语,即 with + n + doing,其中 doing 是宾补,和宾语之间是逻辑上的主动关系,with tons of thousands of students skipping school“成千上万的学生逃学”,故填 with。 47考查名词。分析句子可知,此处
16、应用名词作为动词 owe 的宾语,故填 success。 48考查连词。句意:她说:“我对这个世界的看法是非黑即白,我不喜欢妥协。如果我也像其他人那样,我会继续生活下去,不会看到这些。” 分析句子可知,此处是虚拟语气,再结合句意,可知用连词 if符合语境和语法,故填 If。 49考查动词。分析句子可知,此处是主句谓语动词,由上文的 does判断为一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用三单现形式,故填 believes。 50考查名词的数。结合上下文可知,此处意为“选举政治家”,故应用名词作 elect的宾语,且该名词作为定语从句的先行词,又由定语从句的谓语动词 support判断主语 t
17、hat指代复数名词,故politician 是复数,故填 politicians。 (2020 届黑龙江省实验校高三第二次模拟) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Im a Muslim. Once I was eating at a restaurant,where there was a father 41(seat)next to my desk with his two girls. I 42(overhear)their conversation. The girls were 43(constant)asking about everything
18、 and anything. And I was fascinated by their 44(curious). One of the girls looked at me and asked,Daddy,why is she wearing that way?Her dad responded 45 something that made my heart so warm. He said,There are different religions,cultures and languages. We have to respect and learn about them. He the
19、n went on 46 (share)his personal experience of living abroad and learning to speak Spanish. This reminded me of a Harvard study that I had read about. Children who 47(expose)to racism tend to accept and embrace 48as young as age 3,and in just a matter of days. Only at that time did I realize the imp
20、ortance of the way we teach children about love,acceptance,understanding and respect. It should start from an early age. The 49(early),the better. Kids imitate their parents views and behaviour. It is you 50are their role model. 【答案】 41seated 42overheard 43constantly 44curiosity 45with 46to share 47
21、are exposed 48it 49earlier 50that/who 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是两个小女孩在餐厅里好奇地询问事情的故事。在餐厅的作者那时才意识到我们教育孩子爱、接纳、理解和尊重的方式的重要性。 41考查过去分词作后置定语。句意:有一次我在一家餐馆吃饭,一位父亲和他的两个女儿坐在我的桌旁。 此处 seat是及物动词, 意思是“使坐下”, 和 father 之间是一种被动关系, 是过去分词作后置定语。故填 seated。 42考查一般过去时态。句意:我无意中听到了他们的谈话。此处“听到了他们的谈话”是已经过去的事情,句子应该用一般过去时态,故填 overheard。
22、 43 考查副词。 句意: 姑娘们持续不断地问一切事情。 此处 asking是动词, 由副词修饰, 故填 constantly。 44考查名词。介词 by 之后,用名词,此处 their 是形容词性的物主代词,修饰名词。故填 curiosity。 45 考查介词。句意: 她爸爸的回应让我的心很温暖。介词 with“和在一起,具有, 用”, 此处指“用”一些事情回应。故填 with。 46 考查固定搭配。 句意: 他接着分享了他在国外生活和学习西班牙语的个人经历。 固定搭配: go on doing sth.“继续做同一件事”;go on to do sth.“继续做另一件事”。此处指继续分享了
23、“另一件事”。故填 to share。 47考查固定搭配。句意:接触过种族主义的孩子在 3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它,而且在几天之内就会接受。固定搭配:be exposed to sth./doing sth.“曝光,暴露”。这里在说一个客观事实,且句子主语是 Children,复数形式,所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态。故填 are exposed。 48考查代词 it的用法。句意:接触过种族主义的孩子在 3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它,而且在几天之内就会接受。此处用 it 指代前面的 racism。故填 it。 49考查形容词比较级。句意:越早越好。固定句型:the+比较级,the+比较
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