新目标八年级英语下册Unit5知识点讲义

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1、 1 / 9 U Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? nit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 讲义讲义 一、词性转换一、词性转换 Section A 1. begin (pt.) began 2. heavily (adj.) heavy 3.light (adj.) light 1. report (pt.) reported 2. beat (pt.) beat 3. rise (pt.)rose 4. suddenly (adj.)sudden 5. icy

2、(n.) ice Section B 1. realize (pt.) realized 2. completely (adj.) complete 3. recently (adj.) recent 二、短语归纳二、短语归纳 1. make sure 确信确信;确认确认 2. beat against. 拍打 3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着进人梦乡；睡着 4. die down 逐渐变弱/消退 5. wake up 醒来 6. in a mess 一团糟 7. break. . apart 使分离使分离 8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候 9. a

3、t the time of 当.时候 10. go off (闹钟闹钟)发出响声发出响声 11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡 12. miss the bus 错过公交车 13. pick up 接电话接电话 14. bring. together 使靠拢 15. in the area 在这个地区 16. miss the event 错过这个事件 17. by the side of the road 在路边 18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线 19. walk by 路过路过 20. make ones way to 在某人去的路上在某人去的路

4、上 21. hear the news 听到这个消息 22.important events in history 历史上的重大事 23. for example 例如 24. be killed 被杀害 25. over 50 50 多(岁） 26. a school pupil 一个小学生 27. on the radio 通过广播 28. in silence 沉默沉默;无声无声 29. recently 最近地;新近 30.the World Trade Center 世贸中心 31. take down 拆除拆除;摧毁；记录摧毁；记录 32.have meaning to 对对有意义

5、有意义 33.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事记得做过某事 34. at first 首先首先;最初最初 35. have a look 看一看 36. something strange 奇怪的事情 37. in American history 在美国历史上 38. strong wind 大风大风 2 / 9 39. heavy rain 大雨大雨 三、句型集萃三、句型集萃 1.be busy doing sth.忙着做某事 2.see sb./sth. doing sth. 看见某人或某物正在做某事 3.begin/start to do sth. 开始做某事 4.

6、 try to do sth. 努力做某事 5. Its+adj.+to do sth.做某事是的 6. have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 四、重点句子四、重点句子 1. My alarm didnt go off so I got up late. 我的闹钟没有响响，因此我起床晚了。 【解析【解析】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响，离开 Ex. The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了。 【拓展拓展】 与与 go 相关的短语相关的短语： go over 复习 go away 离开 go by (时间)过去 go for

7、a walk 出去散步 go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳 ( ) 1.I was late today because my alarm clock didnt_. A. run off B. go off C. give out D. give up ( ) 2.【2017 山西中考】How I wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock _. A. ran off B. went off C. took of

8、f 2. I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 当天开始下大雨大雨的时候我正在等公交车。 【解析解析】heavily adv. 在很大程度上 heavy adj. 沉重的 How heavy are you? heavily Adv. 沉重地 The army lost heavily 形容风大的时候常用形容风大的时候常用 strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用形容雨雪下得大的时候用 heavily/hard。 3 / 9 heavy 改 y 为 i +ly 变为 adv ,类似的 adj 还有：hungry

9、, happy, angry, lucky. ( ) 1.【2017 漳州】The sun is shining _ . Youd better wear sunglasses while you are out. A. brightly B. lightly C. heavily ( ) 2.【2017 黔西南】Sometimes it rains _in Guizhou in summer. A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly 3. I called at seven and you didnt pick up. 我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接

10、接。 【解析解析】pick up 接电话接电话 pick up 接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didnt pick up 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home （开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station 学到；获得 He was picking up the skills quickly. ( ) 1.【2017 陕西 2】The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to _ rubbish to keep the mountains cle

11、an. A. turn up B. pick up C. mix up D. give up ( ) 2.【2017 湖北武汉 1】It seems that the aged people _ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case. A. pick up B. mix up C. set up D. use up 4. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。 【解析解析】light n. 此处作不可数名词，意为“光，光亮，光线” Ex. The sun

12、 gives out light and heat. 太阳发出光和热。 He read the letter by the light of the candle. 他在烛光下读那封信。 【拓展拓展】(1) light 作可数名词，意为“点灯，电源” 。 Ex. Dont cross the road when the traffic lights are red. 当交通灯是红色时，不要横穿公路。 (2)light 作形容词，意为“轻的，浅色的” 。 Ex. Is the box heavy or light? 那箱子是重的还是轻的？ (3) light (lit/lighted) 作动词，

13、意为“点燃，照亮” 。 4 / 9 Ex. He sat down and lit a cigarette. 他坐下来，点了一支烟。 1. Please help him (to)light the cigarette.(light) 2. Turn off the lights (light) when you leave the house. 5. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working

14、. 本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。 【解析解析】make sure 确信；确信； 确保确保 用法用法：(1) make sure to do sth. 确保做某事确保做某事 (2) make sure of sth. 确保某事确保某事 (3) make sure +that 从句从句 确保确保 Ex. Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave. Do you know the time of the train? Youd better make sure of it.

15、Make sure that you turn off the lights. ( )【2017 山东青岛 3】There arent many tickets left for the concert, youd better _that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans 6. When he woke up, the sun was rising. 当他醒来醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来升起来了。 【解析解析 1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来；睡醒 ( )

16、1.【2017 广东河源】_ , Tom! Its time to get up and go to school. A. Wake up B. Make up C. Grow up D. Look up ( ) 2.【2017 南京中考】Whats wrong with you, Eric? You look tired. I _ to prepare for the final exam last night. A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up 【解析解析 2】rise v. 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起 rise 和和 rais

17、e 辨析：辨析： (1) rise 升起；上升升起；上升 表示主语自身移向较高位置 Ex. Price rose gradually. 价格逐渐上升。 (2) raise 举起；提高举起；提高 表示主语发出的动作作用于其他事物 5 / 9 Ex. Lets raise our hands. 我们来举起手。 ( ) The river _ two inches this morning. A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow 7. What event happened at the school yesterday? 昨天学校发生发生了什么事？

18、 【解析解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生） happen 和和 take place 辨析辨析： (1) happen v. “发生”“发生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性 用法用法：sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上某事发生在某人身上 sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事某人碰巧做某事 Ex. What happened to you?=What was wrong with him? She happened to be out when we called. (2) take place 发生，发生，指事情有计划有安

19、排地发生 Ex. The sports meeting took place in our school last week. ( ) 1. An accident _ at the school gate this morning. A. happened B .happened to C. took place D. took places ( ) 2.What happened _ the boy? A. with B. to C. at D. on ( ) 3.A serious bike accident _ her , and she was badly hurt. A. happ

20、ened to B. was happened to C. was happening D. was happen ( ) 4.【2017 山东临沂】The Olympic Games of 2016 will _ in Brazil. A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take away ( ) 5.【2017 山东济南】Its hot today, isnt it? Yes, it is. Why not _ your jacket? A. take care B. take place C. take after D. take off

21、 8. More recently , most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. 最近，大部分美国人还记得记得当纽约世贸大楼被恐怖分子袭击被恐怖分子袭击的时候自己在做什么。 【解析解析 1】remember to do sth.与与 remember doing sth.的用法区别的用法区别。 6 / 9 (1)remember to do sth.记得去做某事（此事还未做） Ex. Remember to

22、turn off the light when you leave the room. 当你离开房间的时候记得关灯。 (2)remember doing sth.记得做过某事（此事已做完） Ex. I remember turning off the light when I left the room. 我记得离开房间时关灯了。 【解析解析 2】take down 拆掉；拆毁拆掉；拆毁 【解析【解析 3】terror n. 恐怖恐怖 terrorist n. 恐怖分子恐怖分子 Ex. be full of terror 充满恐怖 【拓展拓展】 art n.艺术 artist n.艺术家 sc

23、ience n. 科学 scientist n. 科学家 piano n. 钢琴 pianist n. 钢琴家 ( )Did you watch the TV news? The whole event was full of _. Yes, I did . Those _ were all caught by the police at last. A. terror; terrorist B. terrorist; terrors C. terror; terrorists D. terrors; terrorists 9. I was so scared that I could har

24、dly think clearly after that. 我是那么害怕以至于我几乎不能几乎不能清楚地想象那之后的事。 【解析解析】hardly 副词，意为“几乎不，几乎没有”副词，意为“几乎不，几乎没有” ，表示否定含义。 Ex. He hardly does the housework. 他几乎不做家务。 She was so excited that she could hardly sleep. 她如此兴奋，以至于几乎不能入睡。 hardly 与与 hard 辨析：辨析： hardly 副词，意为“几乎不” He hardly watches TV. 他几乎不看电视。 hard 作形容

25、词，意为“难的；硬的” 作副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地” She found it hard to decide.她发现难以决定。 We should work hard. 我们应当努力工作。 ( )【 2017 山东临忻】David was so excited at the good news that he could say a word. A. nearly B. hard C. ever D. hardly 10. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid. 后来由于害怕我无法清晰地思考无法

26、清晰地思考。 【解析解析】trouble n 困难；困难； 苦恼；苦恼； 忧虑忧虑 7 / 9 用法用法：(1) in trouble 处于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境 (2) Whats the trouble with you ? = Whats the matter with you ? = Whats wrong with you ?你怎么啦？ (3) have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦 类似的表达还有： have problem /difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有问题/困难 ( )

27、1. I had trouble _ my homework. A. to finish B. finishing C. finishes D. finish ( ) 2. Mr. Wang, I have trouble _ the text. Remember _ it three times at least. A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read 五、重点语法五、重点语法 过去进行时过去进行时 1、概念、概念：过去进行

28、时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 2、构成、构成：过去进行时态由助动词 be 的过去式 was/ were+现在分词（doing）构成。 第一人称和第三人称单数用 was，其余的都用 were。 3、句型、句型： 过去进行时的肯定句过去进行时的肯定句： Ex. I was working. / You were working. / He/She/It was working./ We/You/They were working. 过去进行时的否定句过去进行时的否定句: Ex. I was not working. / You were not working. / He/She/

29、It was not working./ We /You /They were not working. 过去进行时的疑问句过去进行时的疑问句： Ex. Were you working at ten last night? Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt. Was he working at ten last night? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. 8 / 9 4、用法、用法 1. 它表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作，通常和表示时间点的时间状语一起用。 Ex. My parents were watching TV at

30、8:00 last night. 昨晚八点钟时我的父母亲都在看电视。 They were swimming in the swimming pool this time last week. 上个星期的这个时候他们正在游泳池游泳。 2. 在表示过去一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作同时也正在进行，那么持续时间长的动作要用过去进行时态。经常和 when 引导的时间状语从句连用。 Ex. When the teacher came in, I was singing.老师进来时我正在唱歌。 When someone knocked at the door, we were having supper.

31、有人敲门时，我们正在吃晚饭。 3. 与 always 连用，表示一个不断重复的过去的动作。 Ex. He was always ringing me up. 他老是给我打电话。 重点：过去进行时态的时间状语重点：过去进行时态的时间状语 当句子中出现 at that time , then , at four yesterday afternoon , at this time yesterday , this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from seven to ten oclock yesterday morning 以及

32、when 引导的从句时，一般情况下要用过去进行时态。 5、when 和和 while 的区别：的区别： 1. 引导时间状语从句时，while 连接的是时间段，而 when 连接的多是时间点 Ex. What does your father do while your mother is cooking? What does your mother do when you come back? 2. while 可以连接两个并列的句子，而 when 不可以 Ex. I was trying my best to finish my work while my sister was watchi

33、ng TV. 六、真题演练六、真题演练 ( )1.【2017 浙江杭州】 Sally took a photo of her friends while they _ computer games. A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing ( )2.【2017 黑龙江绥化】 My uncle _ books in the room at this time yesterday. A. was seeing B. is reading C. was reading ( ) 3.【 2017 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 3】What _ yo

34、u _ when the captain came in? A. are; doing B. did; do C. were; doing 9 / 9 ( ) 4.【2017 四川雅安 1】Amy was reading a book _ I came in. A. when B. while C. because D. though ( ) 5.【2017 山东菏泽 3】_the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. A. When B. If C. While D. Once ( )6.【2017 本

35、溪】Were you at school when he came to see you? Yes, I _ a math class. A. had B. was having C. am having D. have ( )7.【2017 呼和浩特】The girl with two cats in the yard when the earthquake happened. A. was playing B. is playing C. are playing D. were playing ( ) 8. 【2017 盐城】 I along the road when I saw Pet

36、er. So we stopped and had a chat. A. walked B. was walking C. would walk D. had walked ( )9.【2017 福州中考】Where were you at 7:00 last night? I _ to my mom at home. A. write B. was writing C. wrote ( ) 10.【2017 广西贺州】The workers a new bridge now. The traffic in Guangzhou will be better soon. A. build B. were building C. built D. are building ( )11.【2017 湖北黄冈】Sandy, I called you at 9:00 last night, but nobody answered the phone. Im sorry. We _ a birthday party _ Jerry. A. had; with B. were having; for C. are having; for D. had; for