新目标八年级英语下册Unit4知识点讲义

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1、U Unit4 Why donnit4 Why don t you talk to your parents?t you talk to your parents?讲义讲义 一、词性转换一、词性转换 Section A 1. allow (pt.)allowed 2. communication (v.) communicate 3. proper(adv.) properly 4. explain (n.) explanation Section B 1. copy (pt.) copied 2. pressure (v.) press 3. skill (adj.) skillful 4.

2、 typical (adv.) typically 5. continue (pt.) continued 6. compare (pt.) compared 7. crazy (adv.) crazily 8. push (pt.) pushed 9. development (v.) develop 10. cause (pt) caused二、短语归纳二、短语归纳 1. too much 太多（修饰不可数名词）太多（修饰不可数名词） 2. too many 太多（修饰不可数名词）太多（修饰不可数名词） 3. go to sleep 去睡觉 4. be good at 擅长 5. give

3、 back 归还归还 6. a big deal 重要的事情 7. work out 解决；算出解决；算出 8. feel lonely 感到孤独 9. hang out 闲逛 10. get into a fight 争吵 11. call sb. (up) 给某人打电话 12. look through 浏览浏览 13. be angry with sb. 生某人的气生某人的气 14. get on with sb. 与某人和睦相处 15. communicate with sb. 与某人交流与某人交流 16. in future 今后；从今以后 17. be worried about

4、担心 18. be afraid of 害怕害怕 19. notany more 不再 20. play sports 做运动 21. compete with sb. 与某人竞争与某人竞争 22. so much/many 那么多那么多 23. cut out 删去；删除删去；删除 24. a few 几个，少数 25. comparewith 比较比较/对比对比 26. agree with sb. 同意某人（的想法）同意某人（的想法） 27. in ones opinion 依看依看 28.something quiet 一些安静的事 29. turn down 调小调小 30. no

5、problem 没问题 三、三、 句型集萃句型集萃 1. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 2. Why dont you do sth.? 你为什么不做某事呢？ 3. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 4. find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在做某事 5. tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人某事 6. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 7. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 9. mind sb. doing sth.介意某人做某事 10. n

6、otuntil 直到才 11. Its time for sth. 该做某事了 12. Its+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是的 13. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 14. What do you think of?你认为怎么样？ 四、重点句子四、重点句子 1. My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。 【解析【解析】allow v. 允许；准许 用法：用法：(1) allow doing sth. 允许做某事允许做某事 Ex. We dont allo

7、w smoking in our house. 我们不允许在家里抽烟。 (2) allow sb. (not) to do sth. (不不) 允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 Ex. My parents dont allow me to stay up late. 我父母不允许我熬夜。 Mr. Smith allowed Mike to drive there. 史密斯先生允许迈克开车去那里。 1. We dont allow smoking (smoke) in the reading room. 2. Our teacher allows us to go (go) out for a w

8、alk. 3. We wont allow smoking in the cinema .But you are allowed to smoke in the rest room.(smoke) ( )4.【2017 辽宁鞍山】Can I smoke in the dining hall? Sorry. Its not_. A. promised B. realized C. allowed D. reminded 2. Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了翻了我的东西。 【解析解析

9、】look through 浏览浏览 【拓展】与【拓展】与 look 相关的短语：相关的短语： look at 看 look up 向上看,查单词 look for 寻找 look after=take care of 照看 look like 看起来像 look the same 看起来一样 look out 小心,从里向外看 look forward to 期望 ( )1.【2017 鞍山】We have to _ourselves when we are away from home. A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after ( )

10、 2.【2017 铜仁】My mother is ill in hospital. I have to _ my grandparents at home. A. look out B. look after C. look up D.look at ( ) 3.【2017 成都】I have _ my watch everywhere. But I cannot find it. A. look at B. looked up C. looked for ( ) 4.【2017 云南】You dont have to _ every new word in the dictionary wh

11、ile reading. A. look for B. look up C. look at D. look after ( )5.【2017 巴中】My sister _ her cat yesterday, but she didnt _ it. A. found; look for B. looked; found C. looked for; find 3. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决解决。 【解析解析】work out 解决；成功地发展解决；成功地发展，后跟 fine, well, badly 等词，表明产生的结果如何. Ex. Mike worke

12、d out the difficult problem by himself. 迈克自己算出了那道难题。 Is it possible to work out the problem? 有可能解决这个问题吗？ work for 为做事，为尽力，被雇佣者为做事，为尽力，被雇佣者 Ex. He works for a French company. ( ) 1. 【2017 遂宁】The teachers encourage their students to the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy succes

13、s. A. give up B. work out C. look through ( ) 2. 【2017 常州】 Many social workers went to Yaan to help clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake. A. put out B. come out C. work out D. give out 4. When they argue, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. 当他们

14、争吵争吵的时候，就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家. 【解析】【解析】argue v. 争吵；争论争吵；争论argument n. 争论争论 用法用法：(1)argue with sb. 与某人争吵/争论 Ex. Dont argue with me. (2)argue with sb. about sth. 为某事与某人争吵 Ex. Tom argued with his mother about the training class. (3)argue about sth. 争论某事 Ex. The couple began to argue about the childs education

15、. (4)argue against 争辩；反对 Ex. He argued against the plan. ( )【2017 辽宁锦州】He looks unhappy today. Lets . A. cheer him up B. help out him C. look him after D. argue with him 5. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。 【解析解析】refuse =say no to v.拒绝拒绝 refuse to do sth. 拒绝

16、去做某事拒绝去做某事 1. The boy refused to go go) to see his father with us. ( ) 2. He refused when I asked him for help. (同义词) A. said yes B. said no C. said hello ( ) 3.【2017 浙江宁波】He invited her to his birthday party but she refused (拒绝). 6. Instead, he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 相反，相反，他

17、却想看什么酒看什么， 一直到深夜。 【解析【解析】instead 代替，反而，替代替，反而，替 用法用法：(1) instead 作副词作副词，意为“代替” ，常放在句首或句尾，表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。 Ex. Lee was ill so I went instead. 李病了，所以我去了。 (2) instead of +n/doing 意为“代替/而不是”放在句中。instead of 为介词短语，后面一般接 名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。 Ex. She wrote to him instead of calling him. =She didnt call him.

18、 She wrote to him instead. 她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。 ( ) 1.Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _ rich food. A. instead B. instead of C. because of D. because ( ) 2.【2017 江苏徐州】Weve got no coffee. Lets have tea _. A. either B. however C. yet D. instead 7. If your parents a

19、re having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助主动提供帮助。 【解析】解析】offer v. 主动给予主动给予 (1) offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事主动提出做某事 (2) offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.主动提供给某人某物主动提供给某人某物 ( )【2017 山东莱芜】The little boy _ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus. A. lent B. offered C. took D. broug

20、ht 8. Secondly, why dont you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下你的哥哥交流一下呢？ 【解析解析】communicate v.交流交流 communication n. 交流；沟通交流；沟通 communicate with sb. 和某人交流和某人交流 Ex. They communicate with each other by QQ. ( ) They cant understand each other so they have difficulty in _.

21、A. communicate B. communicated C. communicating 9. You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该跟他解释解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。 【解析解析】explain v.解释；说明解释；说明 explanation n 解释；说明解释；说明 explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事向某人解释某事 explain to sb. sth. 给某人解释某事给某人解释某事 ( )1.【江苏扬州】Mr. Wu always spends a lo

22、t of time explaining (解释) things to us. ( )2.【2017 浙江宁波】Do you _that Nancy has been a little too quiet these days? Yes. She didnt even say a word this afternoon. A. hope B. notice C. explain D. decide 10. I have to compete with my classmates at school. 在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争和我的同学们竞争。 【解析解析】compete v 竞争；对抗竞

23、争；对抗 competition n. 竞争竞争 compete with sb. 和某人竞争和某人竞争 Ex. We cant compete with them on the price. 1. We are ready for the coming competition. (compete) 2. We can compete with the best team.(与竞争) 11. Its time for homework. 该写作业了该写作业了。 【解析解析】Its time for sth. 该做某事了该做某事了。 Ex. Its time for lunch. Its tim

24、e to do sth. 是时候做某事了。是时候做某事了。 Ex. Its time to go to school. ( ) Its 9:30 pm., children! _ is time to go to bed. A. That B. It C. This D. They 12. In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older. 在有些家庭，竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了，一直持续一直持续到他们长大。 【解析解析】continue v. 继续；持续 用法用法：

25、(1)continue doing sth =go on doing sth. 继续做某事(前后做同一件事) (2) continue to do sth = go on to do sth. 继续做某事（前后不是同一件事） 1. Many students hope to continue studying (study) after finishing (finish) school. ( )2. The two teams continued _ the game after half an hour. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played (

26、)3. Dr. Bethune_ working in spite of cutting his hand during an operation. A. stopped B. continued C. forgot D. enjoyed 13. Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。 【解析解析】send sent sent v. 发送 【拓展拓展】与与 send 相关的短语相关的短语： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出 send ou

27、t 分发 send up 发射 send sb. sth = send sth. to sb. 送给某人某物 ( )1. You fill in both parts of the form, then_. A. send up it B. send for it C. send it away D. send it off ( )2. Please send a photo of your family _ me. A. for B. at C. to D. with ( )3.【2017 荆州】His leg is seriously injured in the accident. a

28、doctor at once. A. Ask for B. Send for C. Wait for D. Look for 14. And they are always comparing them with other children. 她们总是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。 【解析解析】compare v. 比较，对比 用法用法：(1) comparewith 把与.做比较，常用于两个同类事物之间，着重区别 Ex. She compares me with my brother. 她把我和哥哥进行比较。 (2) compareto 把.比做，常用于两个

29、不同性质的事物比较 Ex. We often compare children to flowers. 我们常常把孩子比作花朵。 ( ) 1. People often compare a teacher a candle. A. to B. into C. as D. with ( ) 2. Its necessary English Chinese in English study. A. compare ; to B. to compare ; with C. comparing ; to D. to compare; into ( )3.【2017 四川广元】Why are most

30、children under too much pressure ? Because their parents always compare them _ others. A. with B. by C. to 15. Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. 爱丽丝. 格林医生说所有的这些活动可能给孩子们带来带来很多压力。 【解析解析】 cause v. 造成，使发生造成，使发生 用法用法：(1) cause sb. to do sth 使某人做某事使某人做某事 (2)

31、 cause trouble for sb. 给某人添麻烦给某人添麻烦 ( ) 1. She always _ trouble _ people. A. cause; to B. causes ; for C. causing; to D. causing; for ( ) 2. Every year driving after drinking wine _ a lot of traffic accidents. A. happens B. provides C. causes 16. Does Cathy Taylor think its important for kids to joi

32、n after-school activities? 凯西. 泰勒认为对于孩子们而言对于孩子们而言参加课文活动重要重要吗？ 【解析解析】Its + adj. (easy, difficult, important, necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth. 【注意注意】若形容词表示事物特征的，如：若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important 等，须用介词等，须用介词 for。 Its +adj( kind, honest, friendly)+(of sb.) to do sth. 若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：若

33、形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong 等，用介词等，用介词 of。 ( )1. Its important for us _English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learnt ( )2. Its very nice_ you to help me a lot. A. for B. of C. in D. on ( )3.Its very _ of you to work out the problem for me. A. kind B. polite C. clever D. easy

34、 ( )4.【2017 山东东营】Its very convenient _ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet. A. to B. of C. by D. for 17. You could tell him to turn down the TV. 你可以叫他把电视音量调小一点调小一点。 【解析解析】turn down 意为“调低，关小”意为“调低，关小” 【拓展拓展】有关有关 turn 的词组：的词组： turn up 调大；出面，出席

35、 turn off 关 turn on 开 turn to 转向，求助于 ( )1.【2017 吉林】Please _ the lights when you leave the classroom. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up ( )2.【2017 绵阳】Would you please _ the radio a little bit? Its too loud. A.turn on B.turn up C.turn off D.turn down ( )3.【2017 莆田】T he music is very beautiful, but Im

36、afraid it is too loudCould you please_ OK. I will. A. turn it up B. turn it on C. turn it down ( )4.【2017 台州】Would you mind _ the music a little? Dont you think its too loud? Sorry! Ill do it in a minute. A. turning on B. turning off C. turning up D. turning down 五、重点语法五、重点语法 1. Why dont you?等提建议的句型

37、及其常用答语等提建议的句型及其常用答语 原文再现原文再现： Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening？ Why dont you talk about these feelings with your family? Why dont you forget about it? 用法用法：Why dont you do sth.?是常见的提建议的句型，意为“你为什么不做某事呢？” =Why not do sth. Ex. Why dont you talk to your parents? =Why not talk to your parent

38、s? Why dont you tell him to do something quiet? =Why not tell him to do something quiet? 【拓展拓展】(1)用于提建议的句型有用于提建议的句型有： (1) What about doing sth. ?=How about doing sth.? .怎么样？ (2) Why dont you do sth.?= Why not do sth.? 为什么不呢？ (3) Lets do sth. 让我们一起做某事吧。 (4) Shall we/I do sth.? 我们做好吗？ (5) Will/Would y

39、ou please do sth. 请你做好吗？ (6) Would you like to do sth.? 你想去做某事吗？ (7) Would you mind doing sth.？你介意做某事吗？ (2). 同意对方的建议时，一般用同意对方的建议时，一般用： Good idea. / Thats good idea. 好主意 OK/ All right. / Great. 好/ 行/太好了 Yes, please. / Id love to. 是的/ 我愿意 Yes, I think so. 对，我也这样想 No problem. 没问题 Sure./ Of course./ Cer

40、tainly. 当然可以 (3).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时， 一般用对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时， 一般用： I dont think so. 我认为不是这样 Sorry, I cant. 对不起，我不能 Id love to, but我愿意，但恐怕 Im afraid 恐怕 ( )1.【2017 天津 4】 Why not go to Lao She Teahouse tonight? _. A. It doesnt matter. B. Thank you. C. Sorry to hear that. D. Sounds great. ( )2.【2017 广东广州 4】I

41、feel really tired. _. A. Lucky you! B. Youd better work harder. C. Congratulations! D. Why not go and have a rest? 2. 连词连词 until, so that, although 的用法的用法 (1) until 引导时间状语引导时间状语，意为“直到为止；到时” ，常放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前。 Ex. She often works in the field until it gets dark. 她经常在田里干活到天黑。 We didnt go home until t

42、he rain stopped. 直到雨停了，我们才回家。 ( )【2017 山东青岛】 If you have trouble pronouncing these words, you can repeat them over and over again _ you are comfortable with them. A. unless B. if C. until D. while (2) so that 引导目的和结果状语从句引导目的和结果状语从句。 so that 意为“以便” ，引导目的状语从句，一般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔开。表示前一句所表述的动作的目或动机（是一种可能性） ，

43、而非事实。因此，在从句中常使用 can/could/will/may/should 等词。 Ex. I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.我起得早，以便能赶上早班车。 You must go now so that you wont be late. 你必须现在就去，以便不会迟到。 so that 意为“如此以至于” ，常用于结果状语从句，表示上文动作所产生结果，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带情态动词。 Ex. He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他努力学习，结果通过了考试。 ( )

44、【2017 山东】They develop their skills _ they can do things better and better. A .however B. because C. since D. so that (3) although 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管” ，可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。 Ex. Although you are tall, Im not afraid of you. 尽管你个子高，但是我不怕你。 You could help him although you didnt let him copy your hom

45、ework. 尽管你不让他抄你的作业，但你可以帮助他。 ( )【2017 曲靖中考】_ my father isnt pleased with his working environment, he still works hard. A. And B. Although C. But D. Before 六、真题演练六、真题演练 ( ) 1.【2017 湖南益阳】You look too tired. Why not _ a rest? A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having ( ) 2.【2017 福建福州】The boy can

46、speak both English and Japanese _ he is only ten. Wow, what a clever boy! A. if B. because C. although ( ) 3.【2017 浙江宁波】Look! Some people are running the red lights. We should wait _ others are breaking the rule. A. if B. unless C. although D. because ( )4.【2017 内蒙古包头】One important aim of our school

47、 is to prepare us for the future we can face all the challenges with confidence. A. so far B. so that C. even if D. if only ( )5.【2017 山东临沂】Please hold on to your dream _ one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unless D. though ( ) 6.【2017 四川凉山】Its a nice day, isnt it? Yes. _ going hiking and relax

48、 ourselves? A. Why not B. Why dont C. What about ( )7.【2017 浙江丽水】Hey, man. You cant cross the street now. You have to wait _the traffic turn green. Oh, sorry and thank you. A. when B. after C. until D. while ( )8.【2017 海南三亚】Susan, what are the advantages of MP5 players? Mom, they are smaller and lig

49、hter _ they can be carried very easily. A. unless B. if C. until D. so that ( ) 9.【2017 贵阳】Its raining heavily outside. Why dont you _ you raincoat? A. put on B. to put on C.take off D. to take off ( ) 10.【2017 浙江杭州】I think hes been drinking, _ Im not completely sure. A. if B. although C. until D. a

50、s ( ) 11.【2017 重庆】Ill go to visit my aunt in England _the summer holidays start. A .while B. since C. until D. as soon as ( ) 12.【2017 江苏泰州】 I feel stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice? _ sharing you worries with your parents? A. Why not B. Why dont C. How about D. Would you lik