2022年4月自考00012英语一试题及答案

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1、2022 年年 4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（一）英语（一） 试卷试卷 (课程代码课程代码 00012) 第一部分第一部分：阅读判断（第阅读判断（第 1 11010 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分分) ) 下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择 B； 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择 C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Why I Love My Job Ross is a public school teacher. S

2、he teaches a group of, mostly, seniors and she loves what she does. My job is great,she said.That is the only way to describe it.As teachers, we have the opportunity to completely change someones life by providing him or her with a good education. Ross moved to Austin in 1981 to attend the Universit

3、y of Texas. She earned a degree in math. Since her graduation, she has enjoyed teaching high school students in Texas for nearly 30 years. Over the years, she has taught every level of high school math. Ive always taught high school students, she said. I like their energy, and I enjoy teaching senio

4、rs because they are getting ready to move on. Ross also believes teaching helps her keep a balance between work and life. It has allowed her to have the same work schedule as her childrens school schedule. When her sons were younger, she worked during the day while her musician husband worked at nig

5、ht. So daycare was never a problem. Today her two boys share the same daily schedule and the same winter, spring and summer vacations with her. Teaching brings other benefits, too. Entry-level salaries of teachers are competitive with other fields. Teachers are also offered good retirement benefits

6、and insurance.“Due to bad economy, very few places offer a pension now and teaching is one of them, she said. 1.Ross believes that good education can change a persons life. （A） A、true B、false C、Not Given 2.Ross has been teaching in Austin since 1981.（B） A、true B、false C、Not Given 3.Ross is able to t

7、each every level of high school math.（A） A、true B、false C、Not Given 4.Ross is one of the most popular teachers in her high school.（C） A、true B、false C、Not Given 5.Ross enjoys teaching high school students.（A） A、true B、false C、Not Given 6.Ross husband used to have a day-time job when their sons were

8、younger.（B） A、true B、false C、Not Given 7.Ross two sons are interested in music.(C) A、true B、false C、Not Given 8.Ross often goes traveling with her sons during their vacations.(C ) A、true B、false C、Not Given 9.New teachers earn much less than beginners in other fields.(B ) A、true B、false C、Not Given

9、10.Because of bad economy, teachers are losing their pensions, too.(B) A、true B、false C、Not Given 第二部分第二部分: :阅读选择（第阅读选择（第 11111515 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分分) ) 阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出 1 个最佳选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。 Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was a famous scientist. He created many theor

10、ies that completely changed the way people saw our world and the universe. At first, very few scientists could understand his theories. As time passed, other scientists came to accept them. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879 and grew up in Munich.He was not a good student at school. He only d

11、id things he was interested in, like science and math. After school， Einstein went to Switzerland and worked at the Swiss patent（专利） office in Bern.He studied what other people had invented. Later he moved to Berlin, Germany.He lived there for a long time and developed many of his scientific theorie

12、s. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. In 1933,Hitler and the Nazis came to power in Germany. Einstein was against the Nazis and their ideas.He decided to leave Germany and go to America. When World War broke out in 1939, Einstein discovered that German scientists were working on a bomb. The

13、 bomb could kill thousands of people. He wrote a letter to the American president to warn him. He also suggested that the Americans start building one, too. In 1942,the American government started a project to build the atomic bomb.Two of these bombs were dropped to end the war against Japan.Einstei

14、n was shocked when he heard the news.He wanted atomic energy to bring peace to the world. For the last twenty years of his life, Einstein lived in Princeton. He continued his scientific work there. He died on April 18, 1955. 11.What can we know about Einstein in his childhood? (D) A、He was born in M

15、unich, Germany. B、He was a straight-A student at school. C、He was asked to leave school. D、He was interested in science subjects. 12.In which country did Einstein develop many of his theories? (C ) A、Switzerland. B、America. C、Germany. D、Japan. 13.Einstein decided to leave for the United States becau

16、se he_A_. A、was opposed to the Nazis B、could find a better job there C、wanted to get away from wars D、was invited by the US government 14.When Einstein learned about the bombs dropped on Japan, he felt_B _. A、excited B、surprised C、satisfied D、confused 15.What can be inferred about Einstein from the

17、passage? (D ) A、He had many followers when he was in Switzerland. B、He earned a Nobel Prize after World War II. C、He spent his late days in Germany. D、He was a peace-loving person. 第三部分概括段落大意和补全句子（第第三部分概括段落大意和补全句子（第 16162525 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分）分） 阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务（1）从第 1620 题后所给的 6 个选项中

18、为第段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；（2）从第 2125 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择 5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Jungle Highway Central Brazil has been invaded （入侵） by engineers and construction workers. They have cut through the Amazon jungle to build a new road across Brazil. The new road is called the Trans-Amazon Highway. It link

19、s the cities of Brazils east coast with another highway that stretches to the Pacific. The highway connects cities all over Brazil with new settlements in central Brazil. Brazilians are both hopeful and anxious about the highway project. The land of northeastern Brazil is dry. It is difficult for th

20、e people to grow enough food or make enough money. They expect the new highway to provide new farmland and many jobs. They also expect new towns and cities to develop along the highway. They believe people will move from the coastal cities and help develop central Brazil. The highway is a great chal

21、lenge to Brazilian engineering. Huge cutting machines are used to clear away thick jungle growth. There are other challenges, too. Workers have to deal with heavy rains, biting insects, diseases and loneliness. They do not bring their families with them. They often miss their families and friends at

22、 home. Ecologists（生态学家）are worried about problems the new highway has brought. The rainforest has only a thin layer （层）of rich soil. This layer has been protected by tall trees and fed by dead leaves and plants. But construction is destroying the forest. The trees have been cleared away to make room

23、 for the road and new settlements. Ecologists believe there will be no good farmland. Already, some areas of the jungle have turned into dry and dusty deserts. Task1Task1 16.Paragraph ： 17.Paragraph ： 18.Paragraph ： 19.Paragraph ： 20.Paragraph ： A. Description of the highway B. Difficulties of the p

24、roject C. Invasion of the Amazon jungle D.Life in the jungle E. Ecologists worries F. Brazilians expectations Task2Task2 21. Trees in the jungle have been cut_. 22. People in northeastern Brazil expect the highway_. 23.Brazilians hope that_. 24. Road workers often feel lonely because_. 25. Ecologist

25、s are worried that_. A. to make room for a highway project B. central Brazil will be developed C. they leave their families behind D. the forest is destroyed E. people will suffer from more diseases F. to bring them more money 答案： C 17.A 18.F 19.B 20.E 21.A 22.F 23.B 24.C 25.D 第四部分填句补文（第第四部分填句补文（第 2

26、6263030 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分）分） 下面的短文有 5 处空白，短文后有 6 个句子，其中 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 First-born Children How do first-born children differ from later-born children? Hundreds of experiments have shown that the eldest child tends to be more careful, more eager for succ

27、ess, and more anxious.26_ He avoids dangerous sports like football and soccer. One thing seems certain: first-borns have a good start in life. They are no more intelligent. But they are better readers as children.They do better in high school. They get better grades on school tests. More first-borns

28、 go to colleges and graduate schools.27_ They dominate （占优势） in graduate schools. They account for more than a third of doctors, lawyers and college professors. More first-borns become famous people in the world. One reason for differences between older and younger children is that parents treat the

29、m differently.Many parents usually favor the eldest because everything he does is a novelty（新奇）. First-borns tend to be breast-fed longer.They are photographed endlessly. 28_ First-borns are also given more responsibility because the mother needs them to help with the younger ones. 29_ Sometimes it

30、is simply because families cannot afford to send more than one child to college. 30_The first-born child provides the first vehicle by which parents can continue their own identities and realize their hopes and dreams. All in all, it seems that first-borns are not only teachers pets, but parents pet

31、s as well. A. He is also more sensitive to pain. B. Many parents simply expect more of the first child. C. They account for 66% of the students in top US universities. D.Later-borns have valuable qualities that many first-borns lack. E. But later-borns are lucky to appear in group pictures. F. In ce

32、rtain cultures, the eldest should enjoy special educational advantages. 答案 A 27.C 28.E 29.F 30.B 第五部分填词补文（第第五部分填词补文（第 31314040 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分）分） 下面的短文有 10 处空白，短文后列出 12 个词，其中 10 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Building Trust in Teamwork Trust is important for teamwork. Teens must lear

33、n to trust each other to work towards a common 31_. For one activity，put the teens into 32_.One is blindfolded（蒙住眼睛）.Use rings to 33_ mines（地雷）in a certain area. The seeing partner stands on the 34_ side of the field. He must direct his partner across the mine field safely. The point is to see how 3

34、5_ their chosen form of communication is. For another activity， 36_ the whole group an un-assembled（未组装的） tent. Tell them they are in Antarctica and 37_ survived a snowstorm. The team leader has his hands hurt and cannot 38_. Half the team have been blinded by 39_ and the other half have lost their

35、voices.They must work 40_,listen to their leader and trust each other to quickly put the tent together for survival. A.barely B. Effective C. effot D give E. goal F. help G.opposite H.pairs I. represent J. snow K. difficult L. together 答案 E 32.H 33.I 34.G 35.B 36.D 37.A 38.F 39.J 40.L 第六部分完形补文（第第六部分

36、完形补文（第 41415050 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分）分） 下面的短文有 10 处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌。 The Origin of Birthday Cake The words forcakeand breadwere practically (practical) the same in early Europe. The only 41_(differ)was that cakes were sweet. In the 15th century,42_(baker)came up w

37、ith the idea of 43_(sell) cakes for peoples birthdays and their weddings. Since the cakes were 44_(usual) used for the birthdays of young children, these celebrations were 45_(refer) to as childrens festival. During this period,people began to put new ingredients（成分） into cakes to make them 46_（swee

38、t） and less bread-like. During the 17th century，birthday cakes were a luxury（奢侈品）. Only the very 47_(wealth) could afford them. During the 48_(Industry)Revolution, materials and tools became more advanced and more 49_(easy) acquired.As a result, the price of birthday cakes became 50_(accept) to the

39、masses. 答案 difference 42. bakers 43. selling 44.usually 45. referred 46.sweeter 47. wealthy 48.Industrial 49. easily 50. acceptable 第七部分短文写作（第第七部分短文写作（第 5151 题，题，3030 分）分） 请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 80 词左右的英文写作任务。 51.某英文报社邀请你参加题为Where do you prefer to live，in a city or in the countryside?的征文活动。 以下是写作提纲 你的选择;

40、你做出上述选择的原因。 答案 范文（略） 1）评分原则 本题总分为 30 分，按 5 个档次评分。阅卷人应就总体印象给分，而不是按照语言错误的数量扣分。 评分时，先根据文章的内容要点、篇章结构和语言运用初步确定其所属的档次，然后依照该档次的具体要求酌情增减分数，最后给分。 应避免分数趋中现象，即不能只给中间档次的分数。该给高分时就应给高分（包含满分），该给低分时就应给低分（包含 0 分）。 拼写和标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英式、美式拼写及用法均可接受。 如书写较差难以辨认，以致影响交际，或字数明显少于要求，将分数降低一个档次。 2）评分标准 第一档

41、 2530 分：圆满完成了试题规定的任务。清楚地表达了全部内容要点。 运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求。语言运用较为准确、恰当。 第二档 1924 分：完成了试题规定的任务。清楚地表达了全部或关键内容要点。 运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的基本要求。语言运用基本正确，虽有小错，但不影响理解。 在 第三档 1318 分：基本完成了试题规定的任务。提及了关键内容要点（可能漏掉了个别内容 ） 。 运用的语法结构和词汇满足任务的最低要求。存在一些语言错误，但基本不影响理解。 第四档 712 分：完成了一部分试题规定的任务。遗漏或未能清楚表达内容要点。 语法结构和词汇单调。语言错误较多，部分错误影响理解。 第五档 16 分：未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏内容要点。 语法结构和词汇极单调。语言错误很多，严重影响理解。 0 分：所传达的信息或所用语言太少，无法评价；所写内容与题目要求完全无关。