2022年10月自考00015英语二试题及答案含解析
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1、2022 年年 10 月自考月自考 00015 英语二试题及答案含解析英语二试题及答案含解析 第一部分:阅读判断 Lacking in Self-Esteem(自尊)?Good for you! According to psychological and educational theories,self-esteem is essential for a successful life. Generations of children,especially minority kids,have been educated according to the theory (that they
2、 lack self-esteem),and that this deficiency is central to any problems (they may have in making their way in the world). Well,guess what? A new research has found that self-esteem can be just as high among grade D students and drunk drivers as it is among Nobel Prize winners and former presidents.In
3、 fact,people with high self-esteem can engage in,far more anti-social behavior than those with low self-esteem. “We used to believe that high self-esteem would cause all sorts of positive consequences and that if we raised self-esteem,people would do better in life,”a researcher said.“Mostly,the dat
4、a have failed to support that.Racists,street thugs and school bullies all have high scores on the self-esteem tests.And you can see why.If you think youre highly gifted,youre particularly offended if other people dont treat you that way.So you hit out or commit crimes to defend your pride.After all,
5、who are they to suggest that you could be doing something wrong?What do they know? Self-esteem can also be an educational concern.College teachers are constantly complaining about the high self-esteem of their students. When every grade in the school is assessed so as to,make the kid feel good rathe
6、r than to give an accurate measure of his work,the kid can develop self-esteem dangerously unrelated to the truth.When hes told he is getting a C grade in college,he can then get deeply offended or extremely angry.Weak professors give in to the pressure-hence,grade inflation,which results in their s
7、tudentsvague touch with reality. 第 1 题 It is believed that minority kids often have self-esteem problem. A、True B、False C、Not Given A 根据文章第一段“Generations of children,especially minority kids, have been educated according to the theory (that they lack self-esteem), and that this deficiency is central
8、 to any problems.”可知人们认为一代又一代的孩子,尤其是少数民族的孩子,缺乏自尊心。因此题干说法正确,答案选 A。 第 2 题 A new research shows that high self-esteem is essential to success. A、True B、False C、Not Given B 根据文章第二段“A new research has found that self-esteem can be just as high among grade D students and drunk drivers as it is among Nobel
9、 Prize winners and former presidents.”可知新的研究表明并不是自尊高的人成就比较大。因此题干说法错误,答案选 B。 第 3 题 Parents are responsible for their childrens self-esteem. A、True B、False C、Not Given C 全文未提及父母,因此答案选 C。 第 4 题 Anti-social behavior is related to low self-esteem. A、True B、False C、Not Given B 根据文章第二段“In fact, people with
10、 high self-esteem can engage in, far more anti-social behavior than those with low self-esteem.”可知高自尊的人会比低自尊的人做出更多的反社会行为。因此题干说法错误,答案选 B。 第 5 题 Racists have low self-esteem. A、True B、False C、Not Given B 根据文章第三段“Racists, street thugs and school bullies all have high scores on the self-esteem tests.”可知
11、种族主义者在自尊测试中有很高的分数。因此题干说法错误,答案选 B。 第 6 题 People with high self-esteem are hurt more easily. A、True B、False C、Not Given A 根据文章第三段“If you think youre highly gifted, youre particularly offended if other people dont treat you that way.”可知自尊心强的人会因为别人不像想象中这样对待自己而感到非常生气。这题通过推理可知自尊心强的人更容易受到伤害。因此题干说法正确,答案选 A。
12、 第 7 题 College students are faced with high economic pressure. A、True B、False C、Not Given C 全文未提及经济压力,因此答案选 C。 第 8 题 College teachers are often annoyed with studentshigh self-esteem. A、True B、False C、Not Given A 根据文章第四段“College teachers are constantly complaining about the high self-esteem of their
13、students.”可知大学老师经常抱怨学生自尊心太强。因此题干说法正确,答案选 A。 第 9 题 High grades help students know the truth of themselves. A、True B、False C、Not Given B 根据文章第五段“When every grade in the school is assessed so as to, make the kid feel good rather than to give an accurate measure of his work, the kid can develop self-est
14、eem dangerously unrelated to the truth.”可知高分并不能帮助学生了解真正的自己。因此题干说法错误,答案选 B。 第 10 题 Some college students may find a C grade offending. A、True B、False C、Not Given A 根据文章第五段“When hes told he is getting a C grade in college, he can then get deeply offended or extremely angry.”可知当学生知道自己的大学成绩是 C 时,他会感到深深的
15、冒犯或极度愤怒。因此题干说法正确,答案选 A。 第二部分:阅读选择 Organic Farming During thousands of years of human civilization,the raising of animals and growing of plants have always been organic.Chemicals for farming first came up at the turn of the 20th century.Widespread use of chemicals began after World War II.In the 1950
16、s and 60s farmers started using chemical fertilizers and pesticides(杀虫剂).Recently,however,more and more farmers have been returning to organic farming. In organic farming,farm products are produced in more natural ways.Crops,meat and other food are produced without chemicals.Chemical fertilizers,pes
17、ticides,and growth hormones(激素)are forbidden.Farmers enrich the soil with natural fertilizers.They pull out weeds by hand.Hay and straw are put between the rows of plants to stop weeding.They rely on the natural enemies of pests to control pests.Animals are fed organically and can eat grass outdoors
18、.Cows,for example,are kept in pastures (操场) and fields.Vegetables and fruit are also produced with organic methods. Organic farming enjoys many advantages.For example,crop rotation can preserve the good qualities of soils. The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile.Organic far
19、ming is healthier for farm workers,and there are fewer remains of chemicals in food.In the long run,organic farms save energy and protect the environment.It can slow down global warming and reduce the pollution of ground water. Meanwhile,there are some disadvantages.Organic food is more expensive.Or
20、ganic products may cost up to 40%more.Production costs are higher as farmers need more workers,and the land output is much less.Marketing and distribution is not efficient because organic food is provided in smaller amount.Crop illness may happen very often.Besides,organic farming cannot produce eno
21、ugh food for the worlds population to survive.This could lead to starvation in countries that can produce enough food today. 第 11 题 Organic farming _. A、started in the 1950s B、had a short history C、has become popular in recent years D、was promoted by World War II C 根据文章第一段“Recently, however, more an
22、d more farmers have been returning to organic farming.”可知最近越来越多的农民已经回到有机农业,也就是有机农业近几年变得受欢迎。因此答案选 C。 第 12 题 In organic farming _. A、cows can move around in fields B、natural enemies of pests are scarce C、chemicals are used to kill pests D、machines are used to pull out weeds A 本题用排除法,文章第二段讲到有机农业的生产方式,表
23、明食品的生产不使用化学物质,而是使用天然肥料。农民用手拔杂草,并且是依靠害虫的天敌来控制害虫,因而害虫的天敌数量不应该是缺乏的,根据以上内容排除 B、C、D 选项。第二段“Cows, for example, are kept in pastures and fields.(例如,牛被养在牧场和田野里。)”符合 A 选项说法,因此答案选 A。 第 13 题 The phrase “crop rotation”(Para.3)probably means “_”. A、growing high-yielding crops B、seasonal growing of crops C、planti
24、ng soil-enriching crops D、regular changing of crops D 根据文章第三段“The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile.”可知“crop rotation”应该是定期更换种植的作物。因此答案选 D。 第 14 题 One advantage of organic farming is that it is _. A、water-saving B、labor-saving C、market-friendly D、environmentally-friendly
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