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1、专题 10 名词性从句2018年高考题1.【2018北京】11. Without his support, we wouldnt be _ we are now.A. how B. when C. where D. why【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:没有他的支持,我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how 表方式,when 表时间,where 表地点,why 表原因。 “_ we are now”是表语从句,结合句子的意思可知,该处指我们所处的位置,故该从句应用 where引导。C 选项正确。点睛:表语从句是指一个句子充当表语,通俗的说就是系动词 be后面接一个句子。连接表语从句的连接词有
2、 that,what,who,when,where,which,why,whether,how 等。2.【2018北京】15. This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. how B. which C. that D. what【答案】D点睛:what 是常见的名词性从句引导词之一,它除了引导从句作用之外,还在从句中做主语,宾语,表语或者定语。根据不同的语境,what 可以表示不同的意思,例如“的东西或事情” , “的人或样子”等。3.【2018天津】9. The g
3、old medal will be awarded _to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomever B. whereverC. whoever D. whatever【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意:无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名,金牌将授予他。分析句子可知,宾语从句中缺少主语,故用 whoever,表示“任何人,无论谁” 。故选 C。点睛:分析句子可知,空格处做 be awarded to的宾语,同时在后面的从句中做主语,再根据句意可知,这里主语指人,故用 whoever。4.【2018江苏】21. By boat i
4、s the only way to get here, which is _ we arrived.A. where B. whenC. why D. how【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:乘船是到达这里唯一的途径,这就是我们如何到达的。分析 which引导的非限定性定语从句可知,后面为表语从句。分析句意可知,这里用连接副词 how引导表语从句,充当方式状语,表示“如何” 。故选 D。点睛:本题考查表语。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子结构,然后根据前句 By boat is the only way to get here提示可知作方式状语,就不难选出正确答案。2017年高考题【2017北
5、京】23. Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever【答案】B考点:考查连词。【名师点睛】主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)1. 从句的连接词可以是 that, 也可以是特殊疑问词 wh-。That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us thatWhether we shall
6、attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference. It is known to us that he is a famous singer. It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本题中,whatever 引导主语从句,同时作 do的宾语。2. wh和 ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别 区分使用 wh-和 wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思;wh-ever 有肯定强调的意思*Who will be invited has
7、nt been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like. wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用 no matter wh-来替换,但在引导状语从句时可以替换Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he【2017北京】26.
8、Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _she was heading.A. why B. where C. how D. when【答案】B试题分析:A. why 为什么 B. where 在哪 C. how 如何 D. when什么时候。句意:Jane 漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上,不知道她将去往何方,根据语境可知此处是表地点的,很容易就可选出答案 B。考点:考查连词。 【2017江苏】26. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here
9、is down to $20, half of _ it used to charge.A. that B. which C. what D. how【答案】C【名师点睛】这里容易误判为定语从句的“介词+关系代词”结构,需要注意的是,half of 后面的价格是以前的价格。如果是定语从句,那么 half of后面的价格则是$20 的一半,即$10,再结合“down to”可知,原来的价格高于$20,因此不是定语从句。介词 of后跟宾语,因此这里是宾语从句,通过分析句子成分可知,宾语从句缺少宾语,因此用 what引导。宾语从句1. 动词后的宾语从句1) that引导的宾语从句后常接 that引导
10、的宾语从句的动词有 admit, agree, answer, believe, decide, declare, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, intend, insist, mean, notice9 0rder, remember, reply, say, suggest, think, wish 等2) wh-,if 引导的宾语从句后常接 wh-,if 引导的宾语从句的动词有 advise,ask,discuss,doubt,find out,imagine,inform,1nquire,know, question, tell, underst
11、and, wonder,出 scover等。3)“动词十间接宾语+宾语从句”常使用此类结构的动词有advise,ask,inform,promise,question,remind,show,teach,tell,warn,assure 等。4)“动词+it 十形容词名词+that 从句”常见的后接 it作形式宾语的动词有 find,feel,think,believe,make,consider 等。5) it作形式宾语的特殊句型常见的有:see to it that.;hate it that.; owe it to sb. that.;take it for granted that.2
12、. 形容词后宾语从句后常接宾语从句的形容词有:anxious,aware,certain,determined,glad,proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, content, proud, annoyed, convinced,confident 等。3. 介词后宾语从句后常接宾语从句的介词有 on,about,in,but,except 等。4. 宾语从句需要注意的问题1)当主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时时,宾语从句可根据句子意思选择用所需要的时态。2)当主句是一般过去时时,宾
13、语从句必须用相应的过去时态。3)但是当宾语从句表达的是普遍真理或客观规律时,宾语从句时态不受主句时态限制而用一般现在时。4)当主句谓语是 think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine 等,宾语从句的意义是否定时,not 要转移到主句中;但当从句有否定意义的 never, seldom,hardly,scarcely 等词时, 否定词不转移。5)主句中谓语是 think,believe,suppose,exect,imagine,guess 等,同时,wh-连词引导的表示疑问的宾语从句,应将连词 wh-置于主句前面,主句若是疑问语序,从句语序不变。例 如:When d
14、o you think he will come back? Do you think when he will come back?(错句)6)当主句动词是 wish时,从句的时态要用虚拟语气;当主句的动词是 suggest,demand, require等词时,从句要用可省略 should的虚拟语气。7) if常可代替 whether,但是当从句作介词宾语时,只能用 whether。8)引导宾语从句的 that常可省略,但是当两个 that从句由 and或 or连接时,第二个从句的 that不能省略。考点:宾语从句【2017天津】4. She asked me _ I had return
15、ed the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.A. when B. where C. whether D. what【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认。我还没有还。A.什么时候;B.在哪里;C是否;D.什么。根据句意,故选 C考点:考查宾语从句。【名师点睛】本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的确定,首先确定连词的词义,然后根据句意判断出正确的连词,本句的句意很明显,确定为是否。2016年高考题1.【2016北京】24. Your support is important to
16、 our work. _ you can do helps.A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever【答案】C考点:考查主语从句【名师点睛】主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)1. 从句的连接词可以是 that, 也可以是特殊疑问词 wh-。That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us thatWhether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Who will go makes
17、 no difference. It is known to us that he is a famous singer. It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本题中,whatever 引导主语从句,同时作 do的宾语。2. wh和 ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别 区分使用 wh-和 wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思;wh-ever 有肯定强调的意思*Who will be invited hasnt been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward o
18、f $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like. wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用 no matter wh-来替换,但在引导状语从句时可以替换Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he2.【2016北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can
19、be entirely free from dust.A. what B. that C. whether D. why【答案】B考点:考查表语从句【名师点睛】表语从句 Predictive Clauses (在 be动词 后)1. 从句的连接词可以是 that, 也可以是 wh-的特殊疑问词。The fact is that she never liked him.The question is whether the movie is worth seeing.The question is who can complete the difficult task. This/That/It
20、 is because I think it is because you are doing too much. The reason whyis thatThe reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people.2. 只能用 whether 的情况* 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中* 在介词后的宾语从句中It all depends on whether they will support us.* 在不定式之前He doesnt know whether to stay or n
21、ot.* 从句中有 or not时He doesnt know whether he should stay or not.3.【2016江苏】21.It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A. why B. what C. as D. that【答案】D【名师点睛】that 引导主语从句:由连词 that引导的主语从句,在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面,用 it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以 it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。1. It + be + 形容词+that 从句适用于
22、这种句型的常见形容词有:necessary,clear,true,strange,important,wonderful,possible,likely,obvious,surprising etc。1) Its clear that they badly need help。很明显,他们急需援助。2) Its possible that we can carry out the project at last. 最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。表语为 necessary,clear ,true,strange, important, wonderful,possible, likely,
23、obvious, surprising, astonishing, etc.等形容词时,谓语动词的形式一般为“should 动词原形”3) It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑。4) It is strange that he should have killed himself .真奇怪,他竟然自杀了2. It +be +名词词组+ that 从句常用于这种句型的名词词组有:a fact, a good idea,a pity,an hour,a shame,no wonder,good news et
24、c.1) Its a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。2) Tom has a bad cold. 汤姆患了重感冒。It is no wonder that he looks pale. 难怪他看起来脸色苍白。3) It is a great shame that he should have stolen a pen. 他竟然偷钢笔,真是太丢脸了。shame 所用的句中要用虚拟语气。3. It + be+ 过去分词+ that 从句常有的过去分词有:said,reported, hoped, believed, expected, d
25、ecided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。1) It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。2) Its reported that the two countries have made an agreement about their trades.据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。过去分词表示:建议,命令,愿望如 suggested , ordered, requested等词时,从句需用虚拟语气。动 词形式为:should 原型。1) It is reque
26、sted that Mr. Wang (should) give a performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。2) It is suggested that we should discuss the problem .有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。考点:考查主语从句4.【2016天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.A. whether B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B考点:考查同
27、位语从句。【名师点睛】解答这类题目,关键在于分析清楚句子结构,知道引导词的使用习惯。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分,来选择正确的引导词。连接同位语从句的连词主要有 that, if, whether,和疑问词(what how where when .)。that 引导表示陈述句的同位语从句,if 和 whether,whether.or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的同位语从句。判断是否是同位语从句,还可以用同位词+is+同位语从句,如果可以讲的通,一般就是同位语从句,例如这题中,可以改成 The suggestion is that we should have an assist
28、ant.2015年高考题1.【2015湖南】26.You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.A. what B. that C. where D. who【答案】C【解析】试题分析:根据分析可知:You have to know后面是一个宾语从句。宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词,连接代词有:who, whom, whose, which, what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语,连接副词有:when, where, why, how,在句中担任状语的成分。Youre
29、 going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.是一个完整的句子,所以应该用连接副词来引导从句。句意:如果你已经计划好去那里的最佳方案,你必须知道你将要去哪里。故选 C【考点定位】考查宾语从句。【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键,这个句子是由 know引导的宾语从句,宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词。因为从句部分缺少状语成分,答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文(youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.)的表达。2.【2015北京】
30、33.I truly believe _beauty comes from within.A. that B. where C. what D. why【答案】A【考点定位】考查名词性从句。【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种,宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的,要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分,它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时,这个句子就称之为宾语从句。一般情况下,宾语从句可作谓语 的宾语,也可做主语的宾语。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。3.【2015安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not _ ships
31、are built for.A. what B. whom C. why D. when【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:船停放在海港里是很安全的,但这并非建造船的目的。isnt 后跟从句作表语,表语从句中的 for后缺少宾语,用 what引导,what 与 for连用,表示目的。故选 A。【考点定位】考查名词性从句【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句。表语从句是名词性从句的一种,名词性从句还包括主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。可以根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断名词性从句的类型。isnt 后跟一个从句作表语,what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语;why 和 when作状语。介词 for后缺少宾语
32、,因此用 what。4.【2015浙江】6. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.A. what B. who C. that D. whoever【答案】A【考点定位】考查宾语从句的连接词【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键,这个句子是由 investigate引导的宾语从句,因为从句部分 is 前面缺少成分,答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文
33、(Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.)的表达。 5.【2015重庆】8.We must find out _ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.A. when B. how C. where D. why 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:我们必须弄明白什么时候来,因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out 后面跟着宾语从句。根据句意选 when。 【考点定位】考查宾语从句。【名师点睛】 宾语从句连接词的考查,宾语从句一共分为三类,一由 that引导的宾语从句;
34、二是由连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词 when,where,why,who,how引导的宾语从句,这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句充当某个成分。三由 if或 whether引导宾语从句。首先要根据句子结构来确实是哪一类,再根据具体的信息来确实用哪一个,是否符合当时的语境。6.【2015四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.A. where B. why C. what D. which【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查宾语从句。本句考查宾语从句的引
35、导词。宾语从句中不缺少主语和宾语,故选项 C错误,选项 D担当定语,也错误。根据意思:这个展览告诉了我们,我们为什么要停止空气污染而不是我们在哪儿停止空气污染,故选择 B。【考点定位】考查宾语从句【名师点睛】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。通常情况下,宾语从句如果是由陈述句变来时用 that引导;如果由一般疑问句变来则用 whether/if;而由特殊疑问句变来则用特殊疑问词。通过四个选项,排除1、2 两种情况。而特殊疑问词的选择则要求对句子的结构内容有着全盘的掌握。此句中,主语、宾语、定语并不缺少,故选项 C、D 是错误的,再根据句意,只有 B最为恰当。7.【2015陕西】19. Reading
36、her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.A. what B. that C. why D. how【答案】A【考点定位】考查宾语从句【名师点睛】宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,解答这类题目,关键在于分析清楚句子结构。确定这是什么从句,再通过判断从句中缺少的内容决定引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义,来选择正确的引导词。通常如果名词性从句缺少主语宾语和表语的时候用 what连接。8.【2015福建】29I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure a
37、fter all these years.By working out every day.A. where B. how C. why D. If【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查宾语从句。句中 I是主语,wonder 是谓语,how 引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词 How是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词 by回答的,所以是针对方式题提问的,故用 how。根据句意-我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。-通过每天锻炼。故选 C【考点定位】考查宾语从句【名师点睛】宾语从句算是高考中一个比较简单的考点,引导词主要的选择方法是看宾语从句的引导词在主句中做什么成分,不同的引导
38、词表达的意思也不相同。通常宾语从句的前面会有一个及物动词,及物动词后面可以直接接上宾语,但是也要结合具体情况进行具体分析。9.【2015江苏】25._ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.A. That B. Why C. Where D. How【答案】C【考点定位】名词性从句【名师点睛】此题由于“a great Chinese poet”的插入,句子结构变得稍显复杂,因此要求考生能够排除结构干扰,看清考点还是考查名词性从句连接词的选择,然后根据“从句部分
39、缺什么补什么的原则选则连接词”这一根本原则,同时结合句意,迅速锁定正确答案。10.【2015北京】35. _we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A. Where B.How C.Why D. When【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知,主语从句缺少方式状语,因此选择 how。故选 B。【考点定位】主语从句。【名师点睛】主语从句分多种,解题时要分析原题空中缺少的是何种状语。这类题考生首先要利用主句与从句之间的逻辑关系判别,尤其是连词在从句中的功能,由于引导主语从句的连词
40、功能有所分别,较为容易抉择,但有的连词的形式一样,但具有不同意思,这就需要考生仔细甄别,充分利用与之相关内容或与其搭配相关词语的意思。2014年试题专题 10名词性从句1.【2014全国大纲卷】24.Exactly_ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.A. whether B. why C. when D.how【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查主语从句的连接词。句意:准确的说,土豆是什么时候被传到欧洲的还不确定,但是可能在 1565年左右。此处 when引导主语
41、从句并在从句中作主语。考点:考查主语从句的连接词。【名师点睛】从句分多种,主语从句在考试中也是很常见的,要注意主语是句子的一个重要成分,它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当主语时,这个句子就称之为主语从句。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。从而来选出合适的连接词。2.【2014重庆卷】12. - Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?- Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorit
42、e universities.A. when B. why C. that D. how【答案】B考点:考查同位语从句的用法。【名师点睛】 一般来说,在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后,用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有:advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word (消息), problem, question, doubt, thought 等。
43、本题中的 idea可以跟同位语从句的名词,做好此类题先分析从句的成分,然后再选择适当的连接词。3.【2014北京卷】Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever.C. wherever D. however【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:本题考查宾语从句,考查方式为连接词。句意:有些人认为以前或现在正在发生的事情将来还会重复发生。根据题干信息, “过去发生或现在正发生的事情,将来仍然会重复” ,宾语从句中
44、缺少主语,并且指的是事件,所以选用 A。考点:考查宾语从句的用法【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种,宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的,要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分,它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时,这个句子就称之为宾语从句。一般情况下,宾语从句可作谓语 的宾语,也可做主语的宾语。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。4.【2014北京卷】30. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.A. where B. whenC. how D. why【答案】B 考点:
45、考查表语从句的连接词【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句的用法,表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。表语从句是名词性从句的一种。表语从句的基本结构是“主语+ 连系动词+ 关联词+ 表语从句” 。做此类题时应该分析句子成分,指出主语谓语,看缺少何种成分。5.【2014天津卷】14. I think _ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.A. what B. that C. which D. who【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查主语从
46、句。句意:我认为关于他的画给我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。在主语从句中 what做主语,指代物;that 只起连接作用,不做句子成分;which 哪一个;who 做主语,指代人;本从句中缺少主语, 根据语境可知,物做主语。所以选 A。 考点:考查主语从句。【名师点睛】本题考查学生对主语从句的掌握情况。主语从句是在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语宾语表语。所以做此类题时看题中是否缺少成分,在选择连接词。6.【2014
47、山东卷】7. It is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. A. where B. what C. which D. why 【答案】B考点:考查宾语从句的用法。【名师点睛】本题考查学生对宾语从句的掌握情况,宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句. What, whatever,引导名词性从句,且在名词性从句中作主语,宾语,表语,做题时看句子中是否缺少成分。然后判断出答案。7.【2014江西卷】28. Among the many dangers_- sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.A. which B. what C. where D. when 【答案】A【解析】试题分析:由句子意思可分析出 sailors have to face 作定语,修饰先行词 the many dangers,且从句缺少宾语(face.) ,要用关系代词。 因此 A选项正确。句意为“ 在水手不得不面对的许多危险中,可能最大的是
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