2014_2018高考英语试题分项版解析专题19：完形填空之夹叙夹议

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1、专题 19 完形填空之夹叙夹议2018 年高考题【2018全国 I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a “free“course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I_41_the idea of taking the class because ，after all ,who doesnt

2、want to_42_a few dollars?More than that, Id always wanted to learn chess. And,even if I werent_43_enough about free credits,news about our_44_was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster,which_45_I would be learning from one of the games_46_.I could hardly wait to_47_him.Maurice A

3、shley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this_48_was no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it_49_that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to_50_the class ,among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to_51_what we would lea

4、rn in class to our future professions and,_52_,to our lives. I managed to get an A in that_53_and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the_54_.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he_55_me:“The absolute most important_56_that you learn when you pla

5、y chess is how to make good_57_.On every single move you have to_58_a situation ,process what your opponent(对手）is doing and_59_the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my_60_as a journalist.41. A. put forward B. jumped atC. tried out D. turned down42. A. waste

6、B. earn C. save D. pay43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor 45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job49. A.

7、real B. perfect C. clear D. possible50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation55. A. taught B. wrote

8、C. questioned D. promised56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. B

9、48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. A【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了我在大二学的免费课程下棋及它对我生活的指导意义。41. 考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程 3 个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. put forward 提出；B. jumped at 急于接收；C. tried out 尝试；D. turned down 拒绝。故选 B。45. 考查动词辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。

10、A. urged 督促；B. demanded 要求；C. held 握住；D. meant 意味着。故选 D。46. 考查词义辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. fastest 最快的；B. easiest 最容易的；C. best 最好的；D. rarest 最稀少的。故选 C。47. 考查动词词义辨析。我迫不及待地想见到他。A. interview 面试；B. meet 见面；C. challenge 挑战；D. beat 击败。故选 B。48. 考查名词词义辨析。一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。A. chance 机会；B. qualificat

11、ion 合格；C. honor 荣誉；D. job 工作。故选 D。49. 考查形容词辨析。在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。A. real 真实的；B. perfect 完美的；C. clear 清楚的；D. possible 可能的。故选 C。50. 考查动词词义辨析。为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来的职业中。A. attend 参加；B. pass 通过；C. skip 跳跃；D. observe 遵守。故选 B。51. 考查动词词义辨析。我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply把运用于52. 考查副词词义辨析。

12、最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。A. eventually 最终；B. naturally 自然地；C. directly 直接地；D. normally 正常地。故选 A。53. 考查名词辨析。我设法在这个课程中获得了个 A。A. game 游戏；B. presentation 介绍；陈述；C. course 课程；D. experiment 实验。故选 C。54. 考查名词辨析。我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。A. criterion 标准；B. classroom 教室；C. department 部门；系；D. situation 情况。故选 B。55. 考查动

13、词词义辨析。和 Ashley 学了象棋课程之后 10 年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。A. taught 教；B. wrote 写；C. questioned 提问；D. promised 承诺。故选 A。56. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. fact 事实；B. step 步；C. manner 方式；D. skill 技能。故选 D。57. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. grades 等级；B. decisions 决定；C. impressions 印象；D. comments 评论。故

14、选 B。58. 考查动词词义辨析。每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。A. analyze 分析；B. describe描述；C. rebuild 重建；D. control 控制。故选 A。59. 考查动词词义辨析。从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。A. announce 宣布；B. signal 发信号；C. block 阻塞；D. evaluate 评估。故选 D。60. 考查名词词义辨析。现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。A. role 角色；B. desire 欲望；要求；C. concern 涉及，关系到；D. behavior 行为。故选 A。点睛：高

15、考复习时，注意熟词生意的短语是很重要的。本文的中的 jump at 意为：急于接收。此处 jump是一个熟词，但这个短语的意思学生比较陌生，这样就会导致学生不知道意思而束手无策。 【2018浙江卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it _36_ to have too much?I_37_back in high school I spent most of my day at sc

16、hool since I also _38_a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it _39_When I got into college, things _40_ I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this _41_ there was no sense of _42_ to do my school work immediatel

17、y. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became _43_. Once that happened, I just kept_44_my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was_45_really late at night to get my work alone.One day I _46_a former classmate of mine who was _47_ a lot of mo

18、ney running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was _48_, I asked him why he just didnt do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would _49_ have too much time and would just do what I did back in_50_.He said that if he _51_the job, he would lose his _52_ to work and succeed.So, try _5

19、3_ your time with other work. This is why there is a _54_ that if you want something done, ask a _55_person to do it.36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect38. A. watched B. loved. C. Coached D. played 39. A.al last B. right away C. of course D. mat

20、tered40. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered41. A. extra B .difficult. C. valuable D. limited42. A. duty B. achievement C .urgency D. direction 43. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showin

21、g off46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding49. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply50. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business51. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept52. A. heart B. chance C.

22、drive D. way53. A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind【答案】36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. B【解析】作者通过亲身经历告诉我们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，

23、时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间把事情做好。36. 考查形容词。A. true 真实的；B. fair 公平的；C. strange 奇怪的；D. possible 可能的。句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事情做好吗?表示“可能的” ，表示作者的疑问，故选 D。37. 考查动词。A. remember 记得；B. admit 承认；C. understand 理解；D. expect 期望。此处表示回忆起高中时自己的生活，表示“回忆起”是 remember back，故选 A。40. 考查动词。A. happened 发生；B. repeated 重复；C. chan

24、ged 改变；D. mattered 要紧。大学生活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。根据常识选 C。41. 考查形容词。A. extra 额外的；B .difficult.困难的；C. valuable 有价值的； D. limited 有限的。此处指大学里有许多额外的时间，故选 A。42. 考查名词。A. duty 责任；B. achievement 成就；C .urgency 紧急；D. direction 方向。大学里没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对比，故选 C。43. 考查名词。A. burden 负担；B. relief 救济；C. risk 冒险；D. ha

25、bit 习惯。由于不急着写作业，所以后来就形成了等的习惯。故选 D。44. 考查动词。A. pushing 推；B. taking 拿；C. setting 放置；D. calling 呼唤。与上文的 waiting呼应，指形成等的习惯后，我就不断地把学习往后推，越推越远。根据常识也可知答案，故选 A。45. 考查动词短语。A. hanging out 挂出，常去某处；B. staying up 熬夜； C. jogging round 慢跑；D. showing off 炫耀。根据 late at night 可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成，故选 B。46. 考查动词。A. met

26、遇见；B. helped 帮助；C. treated 治疗；D. hired 雇用。此处指遇到了以前的同学，根据句意选 A。47. 考查动词。A. raising 举起；B. wasting 浪费；C. demanding 要求；D. making 获得。此处指经营副业挣了许多钱， “挣钱”是 make money,故选 D。48. 考查形容词。A. safe 安全的；B. important 重要的；C. boring 无聊的；D. rewarding 有益的。因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工作。故选 C。49. 考查副词。A. luckily 幸运地；B. hard

27、ly 几乎不；C. hopefully 有希望地；D. simply 简单地。朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单他就会有太多无聊的时间。根据句意可知选 D。50. 考查名词。A. childhood 童年时期；B. college 大学；C. town 城镇；D. business 商业。他就会像我大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不忙着做事，与上文内容呼应，故选 B。51. 考查动词。A. quit 放弃；B. found 发现； C. accepted 接受； D. kept 保持。如果他放弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼应，故选 A。52. 考查名词。A. heart 心脏；B.

28、chance 机会；C. drive 驱动力；D. way 方法。此处指如果他放弃工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的动力。表示“动力” ，故选 C。53. 考查动词。A. saving 节约；B. filling up 装满；C. giving up 放弃；D. trading 交易。句意：试着用其他工作装满你的时间，使自己忙起来。故选 B。54. 考查名词。A. message 消息；B. story 故事；C. saying 谚语；D. fact 事实。此处指 if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do it.这句谚语，故选

29、C。55. 考查形容词。A. careful 小心的；B. busy 忙碌的；C. reliable 可靠的； D. kind 善良的。此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。故选 B。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如小题 4 因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须马上写作业。下文 do my school work immediately 给了提示，故选 B. 小题 10 根据句中 late at night 可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜才完

30、成。2017 年高考题夹叙夹议文2017天津卷阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to _16_ bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of _17_ but nothi

31、ng worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my _18_When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me _19_. I didnt want to live the rest of my life with this _20_ weight any more.That year, I _21_ a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A semina

32、r leader shared her _22_ storyshe had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25，000 for homeless children._23_ by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals _24_. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50，000 _25_ a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This c

33、ombination of healing myself and healing the world _26_ me as the perfect solution._27_ I began my own personal weight programme, I was filled with the fear that I would _28_ the same difficulties that beat me before. While the _29_ hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the

34、 right _30_. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began _31_ in from hundreds of people.Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician(内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and _3

35、2_ meals. My fundraising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise _33_A year later, I _34_ my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50，000! I feel that Ive been given a second life to devote to something that is _35_ and enormous.16.A.add B. mix C. kill D. share17.A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D.

36、dishes18.A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight19.A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly20.A.ideal B. extra C. normal D. low21.A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned22.A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science23.A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed24.A. pro

37、ject B. business C. system D. custom25.A. in search of B.in need of C. in place of D. in support of 26.A.scared B. considered C. confused D. struck27.A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless28.A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside29.A.excitment B. joy C. anger D. fear30.A.row B. hall C. path D. str

38、eet31.A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping 32.A. heavy B. full C. expense D. healthy 33.A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly 34.A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped 35.A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过把减肥与为慈善事业做贡献结合在一起，成功地实现了自己的两个目标。作者

39、以自己的减肥经历告诉我们：把减肥与一些有意义的、伟大的事情结合起来，就能取得成功。16. C 根据空格后的 bad feelings 以及“make myself feel better”可知作者是用吃来消除自己的不良感受，故答案为 C。add 增加；mix 混合；kill 消灭，扼杀，制止；share 分享。17. A 根据上文中的 food 可知，此处指“我”尝试各种节食来减肥，但没用。20. B “我”肥胖，自然是有一些多余的体重了。ideal 理想的；extra 多余的，额外的；normal正常的；low 低的。21. A 根据后面的“where we were asked to cr

40、eate a project that would touch the world.”可知“我”参加了一个研讨会。attend 参加；organize 组织；recommend 推荐；mention 提及。22. B 根据一字线后的内容，她不但减了 125 磅，还为无家可归的孩子募捐，可知她是成功的，故此处是她分享了她的成功的故事。folk 人们；success 成功；adventure 冒险；science 科学。23. C 受她的故事的影响， “我”设立了一个项目。surprise 使吃惊；amuse 使娱乐；influence 影响；disturb 打扰。24. A 根据下文的 “tel

41、ling them about my project.”可知这是个项目。project 工程，项目；business 生意；system 系统；custom 风俗习惯。25. D 募捐的目的是支持一项运动。in search of 寻找，搜寻；in need of 需要；in place of 代替，取代；in support of 支持。26. D 治愈自己和治愈世人的结合作为一个完美的解决方案深深地打动了“我” 。scare 使害怕；consider 考虑；confuse 使迷惑；strike 打动。27. A 当“我”开始自己的项目时， “我”心中充满了恐惧。as 当时候。28. B “

42、我”担心遇到原来打败过“我”的那些相同的困难。get over 克服，战胜；run into 遇到；look for 寻找；put aside 把放到一边，储存。29. D 根据上一句中的“the fear”可知此处是这种“恐惧”一直在“我”脑中盘桓。30. C 根据后面的“I sent letters to everyone”可知“我”沿着正确的路走着。31. B 根据空格后的 hundreds of people 可知，捐款就像洪水般涌来。32. D 因为减肥，自然要吃健康的食品了。healthy 健康的。33. A 有规律地锻炼。regularly 有规律地；limitlessly 无限

43、地；suddenly 突然地；randomly 随意地。 34. B 根据冒号后的“我”减了 150 磅，还募集了五万美元，可知“我”实现了自己的目标。set 树立，确立；reach 达到；miss 错过；drop 落下。35. C 与 enormous 对应的是 meaningful。帮助别人是件有意义的事。stressful 压力大的；painful 痛苦的；meaningful 有意义的；peaceful 和平的，祥和的。【名师点睛】这篇文章是记叙文，难度适中，这类文章首先要通读抓住故事发生的情节和作者想传达的中心思想。围绕主旨解答更有把握。故事内容体现了作者的坚持不懈的毅力和不被困难压

44、倒的精神。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时把握选项词义且要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。做题时要结合完形填空的特点，完形填空题有的考查词语同现、词语复现，有的则是要运用逻辑推理能力，领会和掌握解题策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。1. 上下文串联和语境暗示。这篇完型填空里面出现词语同现的很少，但是词语复现不少，就是指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。像这篇完型的 18 题和首句的动词 weighed 相对应；24 题，下文明显出现了 pro

45、gram，还有 29 题，上文出现了 the fear；34 题是和下文的 I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!信息词对应的，都是属于这种类型。2. 逻辑推理。逻辑推理是通过对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的理解从而推断出正确答案。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。逻辑推理题需要考生对上下文的理解全面把握，难度较大，考生不能将句子独立开，要注意一个句群，一个段落的整体理解。这篇文章逻辑推理的题较多。19 题主要是上下文的逻辑关系，推断出是程度副词 seriously；如 27 题，根据主句和宾语内容推断出是 as；还有 35题，抓住

46、通读全文和位于末端尾句推断出来这是一个总结全文的主题句。 2016 年高考题1.【2016全国新课标 II】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And theyve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about

47、you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. Thats how powerful the 25 is.Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom Id never met 27 , got

48、me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Ranis office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening pat