2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练1：名词（含答案解析）

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1、专题1 名词一、单项选择1Whos that girl on the sofa?Shes _ sister Emma.ABob and FrankBBobs and FranksCBob and FranksDBobs and Frank2Id like to buy some _ in the supermarket.Achicken and potatoesBchickens and potatoCchicken and potatoDchickens and potatos3From my _ on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfec

2、t view of our city.AtraditionBconditionCpositionDsituation4What a good _ youve given me! Thanks a lot.AinformationBnewsCsuggestionDadvice5Look at the two _ over there. They are teaching the boys to play the piano.Awomen teachersBwoman teacherCwoman teachersDwomans teachers6May I take your order, sir

3、?Id like some _with vegetables.AriceBappleCcakeDbanana7Mike stayed awake for hours last night as he had too much _ before going to bed.AbiscuitBcoffeeCnoodleDchicken wing8Peter often answers the teachers _ in class, doesnt he?Yes, he is very active.AproblemsBquestionsCmessagesDdifficulties9Alan, how

4、 far is it from your home to school?Oh, its about two _ drive.AhourBhoursChoursDhours10The _ rang and Pat answered it. It was his son calling from New York.AtelephoneBdoorbellCclockDbike11How_ is it from here to Beijing?Its about two _flight.Along, hoursBfar, hoursClong, hoursDfar, hours12Are you hu

5、ngry?Yes. Please give us _.Athree breadBthree piece of breadCthree pieces of breadDthree pieces of breads13How can Linda say bad words about me? I thought we were good friends.Who told you that? Friends need _.AcourageBtrustCpleasureDsuccess14Im hungry. Id like to have some _.AnoodleBwaterCpotatoDbr

6、ead15This year, the family went camping on _ Day, June 1st.AChildBChildsCChildrenDChildrens16Learning English in a classroom is important, while using English in real _ will improve your English skills greatly.ApositionsBsituationsCeventsDexperiences17It was a _ day for Wu Dajing to win the first go

7、ld medal for the Chinese team on February 5, 2022.So it was. He is the _ of all Chinese.Apride; proudBproud; proudCproud; prideDpride; pride18These _ were sent to the villages to help the farmers.Awomen doctorsBwomen doctorCwoman doctorsDwoman doctor19The factory cannot continue its level of _ becau

8、se the cost of the material has risen a lot. AinstructionBproductionCcontributionDcelebration20To tell you the truth. I dont want to join in the speech competition.Come on. You need more practice to build up your _.AchallengeBconfidenceCinstructionDpersonality二、根据汉语及首字母填空21The c_ (教练) helps me do be

9、tter in the work.22The music has got a great b_ (节拍) that I enjoy dancing to.23 Can you come to my birthday party? Im afraid I cant. But thank you for your _.（invite）24These UNICEF _ (office) wish is to improve the living conditions of the local children.25Erhu is one of Chinese musical i_. The most

10、 popular music is Erquan Yingyue.26Mr. Smith likes taking p_. He often goes outside with his camera.27The c_ of stealing children was successfully caught by the police on Mar. 19th in Chongqing.28The National Post Office will make a set of special s_ to celebrate the 100th birthday of the CCYL (中国共青

11、团)in 2022.29My parents always take p_ in everything good that I do.30Zhang Yimou is the chief d_ of the opening and closing ceremonies for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.31Her parents are tall but she is of medium h_.32There are many famous national _(英雄) in Chinese history.33Of all the _ (女演员), I

12、 admire Audrey Hepburn most.34After a heated _ (讨论), the headmasters from different schools reached an agreement.35Life is like a box of _. You never know what youre gonna get.（巧克力）36The two boys are about the same _ (体重) and age.37His father is a famous _ (工程师).38Check your answers carefully, and y

13、ou can avoid making _（错误）.39We are from _.（中国）40Thanks to the government, more and more _ (村民) in our village have happier lives.三、完成句子41我喜欢甜食，你知道的。I have a _ _, you know.42我叫托尼史密斯，史密斯是我的姓。My name is Tony Smith and Smith is my _ _.43一些人认为这些石头能够预防疾病并能使人们保持健康。Some people think the stones can prevent _

14、 and keep people _.44我更喜欢自己创作音乐的歌手。I _ _ that write their own music.45我们齐心协力就能创造更加美好的未来。Together, our actions can lead to a _ _.46在2012年，刘翔回到了国际110米栏赛第一的位置。Liu Xiang returned to the _ _ in the world 110m hurdles race in 2012.47教学生们在日常生活中如何节能是必需的。(汉译英)Its necessary _.48与传统学习相比，网上学习为我们打开了一个全新的世界。(汉译英)

15、_, online study _.49自去年以来,我们小区就以其开阔的空间和优美的环境而闻名。(汉译英)Our community _ since last year.50作为志愿者在社区中心工作是很有意义的。Its meaningful to _. 专题1 名词一、单项选择1Whos that girl on the sofa?Shes _ sister Emma.ABob and FrankBBobs and FranksCBob and FranksDBobs and Frank【答案】C【详解】句意：沙发上的那个女孩是谁？她是鲍勃和弗兰克的妹妹艾玛。考查名词所有格。Bob and F

16、rank鲍勃和弗兰克；Bobs and Franks鲍勃的和弗兰克的；Bob and Franks鲍勃和弗兰克共同的；Bobs and Frank鲍勃的和弗兰克。根据“She”可知，只有一个女孩，应该是共同拥有的。故选C。2Id like to buy some _ in the supermarket.Achicken and potatoesBchickens and potatoCchicken and potatoDchickens and potatos【答案】A【详解】句意：我想在超市买一些鸡肉和土豆。考查名词辨析。chicken鸡肉；potato土豆。chicken作“鸡肉”讲时

17、，不可数名词；potato是可数名词，复数是potatoes；some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。故选A。3From my _ on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city.AtraditionBconditionCpositionDsituation【答案】C【详解】句意：从我在电视塔顶部的位置，我可以完美地看到我们的城市。考查名词辨析。tradition传统；condition条件；position位置；situation形式，情况。根据“on the top of the TV tower,”可知，此

18、处是要表示一个位置。故选C。4What a good _ youve given me! Thanks a lot.AinformationBnewsCsuggestionDadvice【答案】C【详解】句意：你给了我一个多么好的建议啊！非常感谢。考查名词辨析。information信息，不可数名词；news新闻，不可数名词；suggestion建议，可数名词；advice建议，不可数名词。根据“What a good . youve given me!”可知，what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!；结合选项，应用suggestion。故选C。5Look at the two

19、_ over there. They are teaching the boys to play the piano.Awomen teachersBwoman teacherCwoman teachersDwomans teachers【答案】A【详解】句意：看看那边的两位女老师。她们正在教孩子们弹钢琴。考查名词复数。根据英语语法，复合名词中，“man/woman +名词”构成的复合名词，两个词都要变成复数。此处表示“女教师”，故应用women teachers。故选A。6May I take your order, sir?Id like some _with vegetables.Ari

20、ceBappleCcakeDbanana【答案】A【详解】句意：我可以下单了吗，先生？我想要一些米饭带蔬菜。考查名词辨析。rice米饭；apple苹果；cake蛋糕；banana香蕉。根据“some”可知后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；结合选项，BCD项均为可数名词，应用复数形式。故选A。7Mike stayed awake for hours last night as he had too much _ before going to bed.AbiscuitBcoffeeCnoodleDchicken wing【答案】B【详解】句意：迈克昨晚好几个小时没睡觉，因为他睡前喝了太多咖啡。考查名

21、词辨析。biscuit饼干，可数名词；coffee咖啡，不可数名词；noodle面条，可数名词；chicken wing鸡翅，可数名词。too much“太多”，修饰不可数名词，coffee符合题意。故选B。8Peter often answers the teachers _ in class, doesnt he?Yes, he is very active.AproblemsBquestionsCmessagesDdifficulties【答案】B【详解】句意：彼得经常在课堂上回答老师的问题，不是吗？是的。他非常活跃。考查名词辨析。problems难题；questions问题；messa

22、ges信息；difficulties困难。根据谓语动词“answers”可知，此处对应的宾语为“questions”。故选B。9Alan, how far is it from your home to school?Oh, its about two _ drive.AhourBhoursChoursDhours【答案】C【详解】句意：艾伦，从你家到学校有多远？哦，大约有两个小时的车程。考查名词所有格。根据“its about two”可知这里表达“大约两个小时”，小时“hour”为可数名词，故这里应用复数；分析“hour”与“drive”之间的关系可知此处表达“两个小时的车程”，应用所有格

23、来表达，复数名词“hours”的所有格为“hours”。故选C。10The _ rang and Pat answered it. It was his son calling from New York.AtelephoneBdoorbellCclockDbike【答案】A【详解】句意：电话铃响了，帕特接了电话。是他儿子从纽约打来的。考查名词辨析。telephone电话；doorbell门铃；clock时钟；bike自行车。结合语境和下一句“It was his son calling from New York.”可知帕特的儿子从纽约打电话来，所以应该是电话铃声响了。故选A。11How_

24、is it from here to Beijing?Its about two _flight.Along, hoursBfar, hoursClong, hoursDfar, hours【答案】D【详解】句意：从这到北京有多远？坐飞机大约两个小时。考查疑问词组及名词所有格。how long多长时间；how far多远。根据“大约坐飞机两小时”可知上文是问距离，表达“多远”，用how far，又由“flight”可知此处用名词所有格，空前有two。此处应用复数名词，故用hours。故选D。12Are you hungry?Yes. Please give us _.Athree breadB

25、three piece of breadCthree pieces of breadDthree pieces of breads【答案】C【详解】句意：你饿吗？是的。请给我三片面包。考查不可数名词及其数的表达。three三，数词；bread“面包”，不可数名词，前面不能直接跟数词，要用“数词+量词+of”来表示；piece片，块；a piece of一片，piece 是可数的，因此达到两个及其以上要用其复数形式；three pieces of bread三片面包。故选C。13How can Linda say bad words about me? I thought we were goo

26、d friends.Who told you that? Friends need _.AcourageBtrustCpleasureDsuccess【答案】B【详解】句意：琳达怎么能说我坏话？我以为我们是好朋友。谁告诉你的？朋友之间需要信任。考查名词辨析。courage勇气；trust信任；pleasure愉快；success成功。根据“Who told you that?”可知，朋友之间的友谊不能只道听途说，是需要信任的。故选B。14Im hungry. Id like to have some _.AnoodleBwaterCpotatoDbread【答案】D【详解】句意：我饿了。我想要

27、一些面包。考查名词辨析。noodle面条；water水；potato土豆；bread面包。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，排除AC；再由“Im hungry.”可知饿了需要吃的，排除B。故选D。15This year, the family went camping on _ Day, June 1st.AChildBChildsCChildrenDChildrens【答案】D【详解】句意：今年，全家在6月1日儿童节去露营。考查名词所有格。由语境可知，此处指“儿童节”，英文表达为“Childrens Day”。故选D。16Learning English in a classroom i

28、s important, while using English in real _ will improve your English skills greatly.ApositionsBsituationsCeventsDexperiences【答案】B【详解】句意：在课堂上学习英语很重要，而将英语运用到真实情景中会大大提高你的英语技能。考查名词辨析。positions位置；situations情况；events事件；experiences经历。根据“using English in real.will improve your English skills greatly.”可知，表示在

29、真实情景中使用英语会大大提高你的英语技能，故选B。17It was a _ day for Wu Dajing to win the first gold medal for the Chinese team on February 5, 2022.So it was. He is the _ of all Chinese.Apride; proudBproud; proudCproud; prideDpride; pride【答案】C【详解】句意：2022年2月5日，武大靖为中国队夺得首枚金牌，这是值得骄傲的一天。确实。他是所有中国人的骄傲。考查词义辨析。pride名词，骄傲；proud形容

30、词，骄傲的。第一处作定语修饰day，用形容词；第二处作表语，位于冠词the后，用名词。故选C。18These _ were sent to the villages to help the farmers.Awomen doctorsBwomen doctorCwoman doctorsDwoman doctor【答案】A【详解】句意：这些女医生被派到农村去帮助农民。考查名词复数。woman女人，可数名词，复数是women；doctor医生，可数名词，复数是doctors。根据“these”可知都用名词复数，these women doctors“这些女医生”，故选A。19The factor

31、y cannot continue its level of _ because the cost of the material has risen a lot. AinstructionBproductionCcontributionDcelebration【答案】B【详解】句意：由于材料成本上涨了很多，工厂不能继续它的生产水平了。考查名词辨析。instruction指示，说明；production生产，产量；contribution贡献；celebration庆祝。结合语境可知本句说的是工厂的生产水平与原料价格之间的关系，所以空处用名词production。故选B。20To tell y

32、ou the truth. I dont want to join in the speech competition.Come on. You need more practice to build up your _.AchallengeBconfidenceCinstructionDpersonality【答案】B【详解】句意：实话告诉你。我不想参加演讲比赛。来吧。你需要更多的练习来建立自信。考查名词辨析。challenge挑战；confidence自信；instruction指示；personality性格。根据“You need more practice to build up y

33、our.”可知，此处“confidence”符合语境，意为“建立自信”。故选B。二、根据汉语及首字母填空21The c_ (教练) helps me do better in the work.【答案】(c)oach【详解】句意：教练帮助我在工作中做得更好。coach“教练”，可数名词，在句中作主语，根据“helps”可知，主语用单数。故填(c)oach。22The music has got a great b_ (节拍) that I enjoy dancing to.【答案】(b)eat【详解】句意：这音乐的节拍很好，我喜欢跟着跳舞。 根据中文以及首字母可知，此空应填beat表示“节拍”

34、，a修饰名词的单数形式，故填(b)eat。23 Can you come to my birthday party? Im afraid I cant. But thank you for your _.（invite）【答案】invitation【详解】句意：你能来参加我的生日派对吗？恐怕我不能。但感谢您的邀请。根据“Can you come to my birthday party?”及英文提示可知，your后面接名词，故填invite的名词形式invitation“邀请”。故填invitation。24These UNICEF _ (office) wish is to improve

35、the living conditions of the local children.【答案】officers【详解】句意：这些联合国儿童基金会官员的愿望是改善当地儿童的生活条件。空处修饰其后的名词wish，指的是“官员的愿望”，用名词所有格形式，结合“these”可知，此处名词用复数形式，故填officers。25Erhu is one of Chinese musical i_. The most popular music is Erquan Yingyue.【答案】(i)nstruments【详解】句意：二胡是中国乐器之一。最受欢迎的音乐是二泉映月。根据“Erhu is one of

36、 Chinese musical.”及首字母提示可知，此处应该是名词instrument“乐器”；且one of后跟名词instrument的复数instruments。故填instruments。26Mr. Smith likes taking p_. He often goes outside with his camera.【答案】(p)hotos#(p)ictures【详解】句意：史密斯先生喜欢拍照，他经常带着相机出门。根据“He often goes outside with his camera”可知，史密斯带着照相机出门是拍照片；“take photos/pictures”意为“

37、拍照片”。故填(p)hotos/(p)ictures。27The c_ of stealing children was successfully caught by the police on Mar. 19th in Chongqing.【答案】(c)riminal【详解】句意：3月19日，重庆警方成功抓获了这名盗窃儿童的罪犯。根据“The c.of stealing children was successfully caught by the police”可知，是抓住罪犯，criminal“罪犯”，根据“was”可知，使用名词单数形式，故填(c)riminal。28The Natio

38、nal Post Office will make a set of special s_ to celebrate the 100th birthday of the CCYL (中国共青团)in 2022.【答案】(s)tamps【详解】句意：2022年，国家邮政局将发行一套特别邮票，以庆祝中国共青团成立100周年。根据“The National Post Office”可知，国家邮政局应该是发行邮票，所以应该使用“stamp”，且为可数名词，根据“a set of”“一套”可知，应该使用可数名词复数。故填(s)tamps。29My parents always take p_ in ev

39、erything good that I do.【答案】(p)ride【详解】句意：我父母总是为我做的每件好事感到自豪。根据“take p in everything good that I do”可知，是为我做的好事感到自豪，take pride in“为自豪”，pride“自豪，骄傲”，名词。故填(p)ride。30Zhang Yimou is the chief d_ of the opening and closing ceremonies for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.【答案】(d)irector【详解】句意：张艺谋是2022年北京冬奥会开

40、幕式和闭幕式的主导演。根据“Zhang Yimou is the chief.of the opening and closing ceremonies for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.”及首字母提示可知，张艺谋是主导演，故填director“导演”，可数名词，又因为谓语动词is是单数。故填(d)irector。31Her parents are tall but she is of medium h_.【答案】(h)eight【详解】句意：她的父母很高但是她是中等身高。“be of medium height”表示“中等身高”。故填(h)eight。

41、32There are many famous national _(英雄) in Chinese history.【答案】heroes【详解】句意：中国历史上有许多著名的民族英雄。根据“in Chinese history.”可知，此处是在中国历史上，有许多著名的民族英雄，hero“英雄”，是名词，many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填heroes。33Of all the _ (女演员), I admire Audrey Hepburn most.【答案】actresses【详解】句意：在所有女演员中，我最钦佩奥黛丽赫本。actress“女演员”，是名词，空前有all修饰，名词用复数形式，故填

42、actresses。34After a heated _ (讨论), the headmasters from different schools reached an agreement.【答案】discussion【详解】句意：经过激烈的讨论，不同学校的校长达成了一致意见。discussion“讨论”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填discussion。35Life is like a box of _. You never know what youre gonna get.（巧克力）【答案】chocolates【详解】句意：生命就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会拿到哪块。介词“o

43、f”后缺宾语，表达“一盒巧克力”用“a box of chocolates”。故填chocolates。36The two boys are about the same _ (体重) and age.【答案】weight【详解】句意：这两个男孩的体重和年龄差不多。由语境和汉语提示可知，“体重”译成：weight；这里用作不可数名词。故填weight。37His father is a famous _ (工程师).【答案】engineer【详解】句意：他的父亲是一位著名的工程师。由语境和汉语提示可知，“工程师”engineer；由前面的“a”可知，这里用单数形式。故填engineer。38Check your answers carefully, and you can avoid making _（错误）.【答案】mistakes【详解】句意：仔细核对答案，你能避免犯错。根据语境和所给汉语提示可知，这里考查短语make mistakes“犯错”, mistakes是可数名词，“错误”。故填mistakes。39We are from _.（中国）【答案】China【详