2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练19：定语从句（含答案解析）

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1、专题19 定语从句一、单项选择1He _ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.AwhomB/CwhichDwho2I like music _ I can dance to.AwhatBthatCwhoDwhom3Mr. Lang is a great Chinese pianist _ become popular with many people around the world.Awho haveBwho hasCwhom hasDthat have4What kind of movies do you like?I prefe

2、r movies _ me something to think about.Awhom giveBwho givesCwhich giveDthat gives5We should value the friendship _ we have developed in the past years.AthatBwhoCwhoseDwhat6 Why do you like Gu Ailing? Because she is a girl _ regards herself as Chinese although she was born in the US.AwhichBwhoCwhomDw

3、hat7Students love the teachers _ are outgoing and humorous.AwhoBwhomCwhichDwhose8Who do you think is the girl _ did the best in the 2021 Beijing Winter Olympics.Of course, Gu Ailing.AwhoBwhoseCwhomDthat9Flower-drum dancing is a traditional folk art in China _ has become popular in many schools.Awhic

4、hBwhatCwhoDwhere10Beijing is now the first city_has hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.AwhatBwhenCwhoDthat11 What are you doing? We are talking about the people and things _ we saw last week.AthatBwhatCwhichDwho12Do you still remember the place _ we visited last month?AwhereBwhichCwhatD

5、who13 Do you like the song Shao Nian? Yes. I like the song _ I can sing along with.AwhatBwhoCthatDwhose14I like the singers _ can sing the words clearly.AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich15Do you like the movie _ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?Sure. I think no movie is _ than it.Athat; more touchingBwhat;

6、 less touchingCthat; more touchedDwhich; less touched16We all miss Dr Wu Mengchao _saved thousands of lives in his medical work.AwhichBwhatCwhoDwhose17Mr. Green encouraged me to go to a _ because singing was my favorite.Aclub that taught different songsBmovie that talked about a great violinistCless

7、on that introduced the dance historyDshow that displayed ancient works of art18Zhang Guimei, Role Model of the Times, is a headmaster _ changed many girls in poor countryside families.AwhyBwhoCwhenDwhich19Why does your father tell you to play chess? He says playing chess is an activity _ needs much

8、patience, but Im not patient!AwhatBwhichCwhoD/20 Can you say something about the Slender West Lake? It is the greatest place of interest _ all the people in Yangzhou are proud of.AwhichBwhomCwhoDthat21What are you doing?Im looking for the book from Millie _I borrowed last night.AwhoBwhichCwhatDwhere

9、22Now China is one of the few nations _ can produce COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) on a large scale (大批量).AthatBwhyCwhenDwhere23My brothers birthday is coming soon. Its difficult for me to choose a present for a fan of travelling.Its a good idea to book a _ for him.Amagazine that is about geographyBcourse t

10、hat is about artCconcert ticket that is for young peopleDmeal that has healthy diet24I like to visit the places _ the people are friendly and the food is tasty.AwhoBwhereCwhichDthat25The man _ shirt is white is my Chinese teacher.AthatBwhoCwhichDwhose26Tom is thinking about those questions _ you ask

11、ed me yesterday.AwhoseBwhoCwhyD/27Sitting after a walk is relaxing. But do you dare to sit on a seat _ tells you your weight?AwhatBwhereCwhoDthat28We will finish our middle school, we should say thanks to those people _ help us a lot.AwhichBthatCwhomDwhen29Do you know Gu Ailing?Of course. She is a f

12、amous skiing player _ won two gold medals.AwhomBwhoCwhichDwhose30My grandparents like to live in the house _ is not very big but bright and comfortable.AthatBwhoCwhatDwhere二、完成句子31广州是一个受全世界游客欢迎的城市之一。Guangzhou is one of the cities _ _ _ _ the tourists from all over the world.32芦笛岩是一个有着众多奇特造型岩石的洞穴。The

13、 Reed Flute Cave is a cave _.33那架失控的飞机失踪多久了？How long _?34MADE IN CHINA is more and more popular all over the world. Yeah! Many countries _.（几乎不能避免买中国制造的产品）（that）35有编故事天赋的人通常都是能言善辩、才思敏捷的人。Those who _ stories are usually talkative and quick in thought.36雄狮少年是一部暖人心扉的动画片，讲述了三个男孩互相帮助的故事。I Am What I Am is

14、 a heartwarming cartoon about three boys _ _ one another.37How about Xiangyangs east-west axis (襄阳东西轴线）？Xiangyangs east-west axis _. 连接城市与乡村的东西轴线将对襄阳经济发展起到重要作用。（play）38我是那些上课不迟到的学生之一。I am one of the students _ _ never _ _ school.39昨天我收到他的那封信很重要。The letter _ I _ _ him yesterday is very important.40你认

15、识那个为自己的孩子感到骄傲的母亲吗？Do you know the mother _ her child?三、改写句子41That is his old house. He lived there for twenty years. （合并为一句）That is his old house _ _ he lived for twenty years.42Lily returned the pen to me. I lent the pen to her last Friday. (改为定语从句)Lily returned the pen _ I _ her last Friday.43This

16、 is a book. Its cover (封面) is blue.（合并成复合句）This is a book _ _ is blue.44Do you like the book? I bought the book for you yesterday.（将两句合并为一句）Do you like the book _ I _ for you yesterday?45The boy came to see me yesterday. He is Toms brother. (把下列句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句)_46I know the boy. His mother is a do

17、ctor.(合并为一句)I know the boy _ mother _ a doctor.47I will ask someone. Someone likes serious movies. (改为定语从句)I will ask someone _ serious movies.48This is the hall. We listened to the report in it yesterday.（合并为一句）This is the hall_ we_ to the report yesterday49Bob loves the gift. His mother bought it

18、for him on his eighteenth birthday. (合并为一句话)Bob loves the gift _ his mother _ for him on his eighteenth birthday.50Ive finished reading a book. The book was written by OHenry.（合并为一句）Ive finished reading a book_written by OHenry.专题19 定语从句一、单项选择1He _ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Awh

19、omB/CwhichDwho【答案】D【详解】句意：不到长城非好汉。考查定语从句。题干包含定语从句。先行词是“He”，在从句中作主语。whom作宾语，指代人；which作主语或宾语，指代物；who作主语或宾语，指代人。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略。故选D。2I like music _ I can dance to.AwhatBthatCwhoDwhom【答案】B【详解】句意：我喜欢可以跟着跳舞的音乐。考查定语从句。作为定语从句的关系词，what不能用于引导定语从句；that先行词是人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语；who先行词是人，在从句中做主语；whom是用来修饰表示人的先行词，在从句

20、中可以充当宾语。此题的先行词“music”是物，因此定语从句用that引导。故选B。3Mr. Lang is a great Chinese pianist _ become popular with many people around the world.Awho haveBwho hasCwhom hasDthat have【答案】B【详解】句意：郎先生是一位伟大的并深受世界人民欢迎的中国钢琴家。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处使用定语从句，先行词是“ a pianist”，引导词可使用“who或that，又因为先行词是第三人称单数，助动词应使用has。故选B。4What kind

21、of movies do you like?I prefer movies _ me something to think about.Awhom giveBwho givesCwhich giveDthat gives【答案】C【详解】句意：你喜欢什么类型的电影？我更喜欢能让我思考的电影。考查定语从句。whom指人，在从句中作宾语；who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。此处的先行词为movies，表示物，排除AB选项，又因先行词是复数，从句谓语动词应用动词原形，故选C。5We should value the frie

22、ndship _ we have developed in the past years.AthatBwhoCwhoseDwhat【答案】A【详解】句意：我们应该珍惜在过去几年里已经发展起来的友谊。考查定语从句。that关系代词，指代人或物；who关系代词，指代人；whose关系代词，指代“的”；what疑问代词，不能引导定语从句。the friendship为名词，其后可带定语从句修饰它。先行词the friendship指物，从句中缺少指代物且在句子充当宾语的关系代词。故选A。6 Why do you like Gu Ailing? Because she is a girl _ rega

23、rds herself as Chinese although she was born in the US.AwhichBwhoCwhomDwhat【答案】B【详解】句意：你为什么喜欢谷爱凌？ 因为她是一个自认为是中国人的女孩，尽管她出生在美国。考查定语从句。根据“Because she is a girl.regards herself as Chinese although she was born in the US.”可知，分析句子结构，girl是先行词，指人；且从句中缺主语，故用关系词who引导定语从句。故选B。7Students love the teachers _ are o

24、utgoing and humorous.AwhoBwhomCwhichDwhose【答案】A【详解】句意：学生喜欢开朗幽默的老师。 考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。8Who do you think is the girl _ did the best in the 2021 Beijing Winter Olympics.Of course, Gu Ailing.AwhoBwhoseCwhomDthat【答案】D【详解】句意：你认为2021北京冬奥会上表现最好的女孩是谁。当然是谷爱凌了。考查定语从句。who谁；whose谁的；whom谁，who的宾格

25、；that用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出从句。根据“Who do you think is the girl did the best in the 2021 Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为the girl，指人，使用that或者who引导，当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时，引导词只能用that。故选D。9Flower-drum dancing is a traditional folk art in China _ has become popular in many schools.AwhichBwhatCwhoDwhere【答案】A

26、【详解】句意：花鼓舞是中国一种传统的民间艺术，它在许多学校变得流行。考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，先行词是物；what引导名词性从句，不引导定语从句；who引导定语从句，先行词是人；where引导定语从句，先行词是地点。根据“Flower-drum dancing is a traditional folk art in Chinahas become popular in many schools.”可知，句子是定语从句，句中先行词为“art”，指物，应使用 which引导定语从句。故选A。10Beijing is now the first city_has hosted both

27、 the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.AwhatBwhenCwhoDthat【答案】D【详解】句意：北京现在是第一个举办过夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。考查定语从句的引导词。what什么；when什么时候；who谁；that那。根据句子结构分析，该句为定语从句，先行词是the first city，为事物，表示“第一个城市”，从句中的引导词应用that指代先行词这个事物。故选D。11 What are you doing? We are talking about the people and things _ we saw last week.AthatBwha

28、tCwhichDwho【答案】A【详解】句意：你在干什么？我们正在谈论上周看到的人和事。考查定语从句。that用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出从句；what什么；which的那个；who谁。根据“the people and things”可知，此处定语从句的先行词为人和物，使用that引导，不能用which。故选A。12Do you still remember the place _ we visited last month?AwhereBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】B【详解】句意：你还记得我们上个月参观的那个地方吗？考查定语从句。“we visited last month”

29、是对“the place”的修饰限定，因此本句为定语从句。从句中visited缺宾语，因此空格处使用关系代词。先行词“the place”是物，关系代词用which/that。故选B。13 Do you like the song Shao Nian? Yes. I like the song _ I can sing along with.AwhatBwhoCthatDwhose【答案】C【详解】句意：你喜欢少年这首歌吗？是的。我喜欢我能跟着唱的歌。考查定语从句引导词。what不能引导定语从句；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词可以指人，也可以指物，在

30、定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。根据句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，其中先行词是“songs”，指物，应用that引导，并在从句中作宾语。故选C。14I like the singers _ can sing the words clearly.AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich【答案】A【详解】句意：我喜欢那些能把歌词唱清楚的歌手。考查定语从句关系词。根据“the singers . can sing the words clearly”可知此处是定语从句，先行词“the singers”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选

31、A。15Do you like the movie _ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?Sure. I think no movie is _ than it.Athat; more touchingBwhat; less touchingCthat; more touchedDwhich; less touched【答案】A【详解】句意：你喜欢长津湖这部电影吗？当然。我认为没有哪部电影比它更感人了。考查定语从句和形容词辨析。第一处是定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，排除B。touching感人的；touched感动的。此处修饰电影，用in

32、g结尾的形容词，排除CD。故选A。16We all miss Dr Wu Mengchao _saved thousands of lives in his medical work.AwhichBwhatCwhoDwhose【答案】C【详解】句意：我们都会想念在他的医学工作中拯救了成千上万条生命的吴孟超医生。考查定语从句的引导词。空处及其后是定语从句，修饰先行词“Dr Wu Mengchao”，先行词是人，而且引导词在定语从句中作主语，所以引导词应用who。故选C。17Mr. Green encouraged me to go to a _ because singing was my fa

33、vorite.Aclub that taught different songsBmovie that talked about a great violinistClesson that introduced the dance historyDshow that displayed ancient works of art【答案】A【详解】句意：格林先生鼓励我去一个教不同歌曲的俱乐部，因为唱歌是我最喜欢的。考查名词辨析和定语从句。club that taught different songs教不同歌曲的俱乐部；movie that talked about a great violini

34、st讲述一位伟大小提琴家的电影；lesson that introduced the dance history介绍舞蹈历史的课程；show that displayed ancient works of art展示古代艺术品的展览。根据“because singing was my favorite”可知，因为喜欢唱歌，所以应该去教不同歌曲的俱乐部；故选A。18Zhang Guimei, Role Model of the Times, is a headmaster _ changed many girls in poor countryside families.AwhyBwhoCwhe

35、nDwhich【答案】B【详解】句意：时代楷模张桂梅是一位改变了许多农村贫困家庭女孩命运的校长。考查定语从句。why为什么；who谁；when什么时候；which哪一个。分析句子可知，该句是含有定语从句的复合句；先行词“headmaster”指人，关系词用who，在从句中作主语。故选B。19Why does your father tell you to play chess? He says playing chess is an activity _ needs much patience, but Im not patient!AwhatBwhichCwhoD/【答案】B【详解】句意：你

36、爸爸为什么让你下象棋？他说下棋是一项需要很多耐心的活动，但我没有耐心！考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词activity是指物，在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句，故选B。20 Can you say something about the Slender West Lake? It is the greatest place of interest _ all the people in Yangzhou are proud of.AwhichBwhomCwhoDthat【答案】D【详解】句意：你能说说瘦西湖吗？这是扬州人最引以为豪的名胜古迹。考查定语从句。which的那个；whom

37、谁，宾格；who谁，主格；that用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出从句。根据“It is the greatest place of interest all the people in Yangzhou are proud of.”可知，此处interest后为定语从句，先行词place为物，使用which或者that引导，但是当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，使用that不用which。故选D。21What are you doing?Im looking for the book from Millie _I borrowed last night.AwhoBwhichCwhatDwher

38、e【答案】B【详解】句意：你正在做什么？我正在寻找昨晚我从米莉那里借的书籍。考查定语从句。根据“the book from Millie.I borrowed last night”可知，这是定语从句，先行词“the book”表物，引导词在从句中作宾语，故选B。22Now China is one of the few nations _ can produce COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) on a large scale (大批量).AthatBwhyCwhenDwhere【答案】A【详解】句意：现在，中国是少数几个能够大规模生产2019冠状病毒疾病疫苗的国家之一。考查定

39、语从句的引导词。that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；why关系副词，引导定语从句，先行词表示原因，在从句中作状语；when关系副词，引导定语从句，先行词表示时间，在从句中作状语；where关系副词，引导定语从句，先行词表示地点，在从句中作状语。先行词“one of the few nations”是物，且引导词在从句中作主语，故应用that。故选A。23My brothers birthday is coming soon. Its difficult for me to choose a present for a fan of travelling.

40、Its a good idea to book a _ for him.Amagazine that is about geographyBcourse that is about artCconcert ticket that is for young peopleDmeal that has healthy diet【答案】A【详解】句意：我的哥哥的生日很快就到了。对于我来说给一个旅游迷选择一个礼物是困难的。为他订一本关于地理的杂志是一个好主意。考查名词词义辨析以及定语从句。magazine杂志；course课程；concert ticket音乐会门票；meal餐。每个选项中的名词后跟的都

41、是一个that引导的定语从句，根据“Its difficult for me to choose a present for a fan of travelling.”可知哥哥喜欢旅游，所以送的礼物应是有关旅游方面的，A项“关于地理的杂志”最合适。故选A。24I like to visit the places _ the people are friendly and the food is tasty.AwhoBwhereCwhichDthat【答案】B【详解】句意：我喜欢去那些人们友好、食物美味的地方。考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；where先行词是地点，在从句中

42、作状语；which关系代词，指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；根据“the places.the people are friendly and the food is tasty.”可知，本句先行词“the places”是地点且在从句中作状语，需用where，故选B。25The man _ shirt is white is my Chinese teacher.AthatBwhoCwhichDwhose【答案】D【详解】句意：穿白色衬衫的那个人是我的语文老师。考查定语从句。that先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；who先行词为人

43、，在从句中作主语或宾语；which先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语。根据“The man shirt is white is my Chinese teacher.”可知，这里先行词“the man”是人，关系词在从句中作定语，故选D。26Tom is thinking about those questions _ you asked me yesterday.AwhoseBwhoCwhyD/【答案】D【详解】句意：汤姆在思考你昨天问我的那些问题。考查关系代词。whose谁的；who谁；why为什么。根据语境可知，本题考查定语从句，因先行词是“questions”，指物，可用which/that；因关系词在从句中做宾语，可省略，故选D。27Sitting after a walk is relaxing. But do you dare to sit on a seat _ tells you your weight?Aw