2022届广东省名校高三年级下学期联合测试英语试卷（含答案解析）

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1、广东省名校2022届高三年级下学期联合测试英语试卷第一部分： 阅读理解(共二节，满分50分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AProper Care and Use of a MicroscopeA microscope is a useful instrument for observing small objects. By producing a magnified image, the microscope reveals details that are undetectabl

2、e to the naked eye.Before using the microscope, please read the instructions below.CAUTION:Microscopes are both delicate and expensive and must be handled with care.1. Always carry the microscope with two hands one supporting the base and the other on the arm.2. Avoid placing the power cable of the

3、lamp across a walkway.3. Keep the stage clean and always use a glass slide for specimens.4. To avoid damaging the glass slide when focusing, begin with the lens close to the specimen and gradually back off to focus.5. Keep the microscope covered to prevent the buildup of dust while it is being store

4、d._:1. Plug in the lamp.2. Place a sample of what you wish to observe on a slide.3. Adjust the mirror so is reflects light from the room up into the objective lens. When the mirror is correctly adjusted, a complete circle of light will turn up when you look through the eyepiece.4. Place your slide w

5、ith the specimen directly over the center of the glass circle on the stage. If it is a wet slide, be sure the bottom of the slide is dry.5. With the LOW POWER objective lens placed over the slide, use the coarse focus knob to lower the lens to the lowest point.6. Look through the eyepiece with one e

6、ye while closing the other eye. Slowly raise the lens until the focus is relatively clear.7. Use the fine focus knob to fine-tune the focus.8. Without changing the focus knobs, switch to the HIGH POWER objective lens. Once you have switched to HIGH POWER, use only the fine focus knob to make the ima

7、ge sharper.1. Which of the following pictures of carrying a microscope is right?A. B. C. D. 2. Which of the following would be proper to fill in the blank?A. HOW TO CLEAN THE MICROSCOPEB. HOW TO USE THE MICROSCOPEC. HOW TO REPAIR THE MICROSCOPED. HOW TO USE THE FOCUS KNOB3. According to the passage,

8、 you can see a complete circle of light _.A. after correctly adjusting the mirrorB. when slowly raising the objective lensC. before positioning the mirror correctlyD. while looking at the specimen on a slideBMy beautiful new watch had run eighteen months without losing or gaining. But at last, one n

9、ight, I forgot to wind it up and it stopped running. The next day I stepped into the jewelers to set it by the exact time, and the head of the shop started to set it for me. Then he said, “She is four minutes slow regulator wants pushing up.” I tried to stop him tried to make him understand that the

10、 watch kept perfect time. But no; he calmly and cruelly did the shameful deed.My watch began to gain. It gained faster and faster day by day. Finally I took it to the watchmaker to be regulated. He forced the watch open, and then said it wanted cleaning and oiling, besides regulating. After this, my

11、 watch slowed down to an unbearable degree. I began to miss trains and my dinner.At last, I took this instrument to another watchmaker. He said the kingbolt was broken. To tell the truth, I had no conception what the kingbolt was. He repaired it, but what the watch gained in one way it lost in anoth

12、er. It would run awhile and then stop awhile, and so on.So I went with a heavy heart to one more watchmaker. While I waited and looked around I presently recognized in this watchmaker an old acquaintance a steamboat engineer of older days, and not a good engineer, either.“She makes too much steam an

13、d ” he said.I gave him a heavy blow on the head and ran away.My uncle William used to say that a good watch was a good watch until the repairers got a chance to look at it. And he used to wonder what became of all the unsuccessful repairmen, and shoemakers, and engineers, and blacksmiths, and govern

14、ors, and school-principals; but nobody could ever tell him.4. What did the author say about the jeweler?A. He made a mistake.B. He had a quick mind.C. He had a hearing problem.D. He was a quiet repairman.5. After being cleaned, oiled and regulated, how was the authors watch?A. It kept perfect time.B

15、. It gained faster and faster.C. It was not a little slow.D. It ran awhile and stopped awhile.6. Why did the author hit the watchmaker on the head?A. He was a liar.B. He was talking nonsense.C. He treated the watch cruelly.D. He was an old enemy of the author.7. What did the author learn from his ex

16、perience?A. Never get a watch repaired.B. He should listen to his uncle.C. Repair work was a complicated job.D. Unsuccessful people exist in all walks of life.CThe elusive profound mystery of happiness could be as simple as remembering the good times and forgetting the regrets, a new university stud

17、y reported yesterday. For people who look at the past through rose-tinted glasses are happier than those who focus on negative past experience and regrets, according to a new study published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences.The study is conducive to the explanation of why person

18、ality has such a strong influence on a persons happiness. The findings suggest that people with certain personality traits are happier than others because of the way they think about their past, present and future. The study examined how peoples ratings on the “Big Five” personality traits relate to

19、 their approach to time and life satisfaction.The “Big Five” model assesses how extroverted, open, responsible, agreeable, and neurotic a person is, and rates individuals as high or low on each personality trait rather than assigning them a personality type. “We found that the first four kind of peo

20、ple are happier with their lives because they tend to hold a bright view of the past and are less likely to have negative thoughts and regrets. People high on the neurotic scale essentially have the exact opposite view of the past and are less happier as a result,” said Ryan Howell, assistant profes

21、sor of psychology at San Francisco State University, who authored the study with SF State College senior Jiawei Zhang. “This is good news because though it may be difficult to change your personality, you may be able to change your view of time and boost your happiness,” Howell said.The authors sugg

22、est that enjoying happy memories or reframing painful past experience in a positive light could be effective ways for individuals to increase their life satisfaction.“Personality traits influence how people look at the past, present and future and it is these different perspectives on time that driv

23、e a persons happiness,” Howell added.8. The underlined phrase “through rose-tinted glasses” in Para. 1 probably means “_”.A. in a neurotic wayB. in a pessimistic wayC. in an optimistic wayD. in a disappointing way9. According to the passage _ may well improve your happiness.A. forgetting memoriesB.

24、changing your personalityC. remembering painful past experienceD. viewing painful past memories positively10. What kind of people are likely to be unhappier?A. Highly extraverted.B. Very agreeable.C Rather neurotic.D. Quite open.11. What is the best title for the passage?A. Personality TraitsB. Secr

25、et of HappinessC. Past Experience Leads to UnhappinessD. Never Let Regrets Affect Your HappinessDIntegrity is the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right. The concept of integrity has played a key role in moral philosophy throughout history and is promoted in all societ

26、ies because of its importance to social relations. Individual integrity is vital to society, one that enables people to make use of their capacity for critical reflection, does not force people to take up particular roles and does not encourage individuals to betray each other. Besides, societies ca

27、n be favorable to the development of individual integrity.Individual integrity can lift up the spirits of the entire society. It can shape the lives of people living in a particular society, the lives of all fellow people and, in its broadest sense, even the destiny of a nation. By contrast, if thos

28、e living in the society are corrupt, it could have bad effects, jeopardizing the healthy morality of the society.On the other hand, a society can be favorable to the development of individual integrity. Society expects and requires integrity. A society consisting of people of integrity, and people w

29、ho never compromise on their principles, could have a positive mark on the personal development on its members. Being a part of such a morally lively community could serve as a basis for absorbing traits of good character. This could be of a distinct advantage to any individuals in the society.Nonet

30、heless, some social structures are of the wrong sort for some individuals to pursue integrity. If that is the case, we have to ask questions about the moral nature of society first before raising questions about individual integrity. Questions about integrity may turn out to be about what kind of so

31、ciety it is, rather than about the relationship between individual interests and characteristics of a society. The pursuit of adequate individual integrity often depends, not so much on understanding who one is and what one believes and is committed to, but rather understanding what ones society is

32、and imagining what it could be.Under no circumstances can we underestimate the importance of human integrity in a society. People, who are honest, trustworthy, compassionate and caring, are the factors decisive in the growth of individuals as well as the development of a society.12. Individual integ

33、rity has been valued in society because _.A. it helps develop philosophyB. it is crucial to social relationsC. it is the basis of critical thinkingD. it ensures peoples particular roles13. The underlined word “jeopardizing” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”.A. strengtheningB. assessingC. influencing

34、D. destroying14. What does the author believe according to the passage?A. Individual integrity relies on what one has faith in.B. The pursuit of individual integrity changes with time.C. The nature of society is decided by economic development.D. Social structures guide the formation of individual i

35、ntegrity.15. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point C: ConclusionA. B. C. D. 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 12.5 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Four Body Language Tips for SuccessHave you ever been drawn to someone who looks

36、confident and successful at work? Theres something about them - that “it” factor you cant quite pinpoint. _16_ Here are five specific techniques to set up for ongoing success, especially in the workplace.1._17_ Youve heard how dogs pick up on sounds that the human ear cant hear. Well, it turns out w

37、e pick up on certain tones too, human to human. Simply put, lower, richer tones are more pleasing to us than higher, thin ones.2. Take on a Powerful Pose. Research by social psychologist Amy Cuddy shows that standing or sitting a certain way triggers immediate changes in your body chemistry._18_ Bes

38、ides, it can influence how others respond to you.3. Make Eye Contact, But Not Too Much. There is such a thing as too much eye contact. You dont want to be rude, but you also want to look like you care. Always make sure to use more eye contact when you are listening than I when you are speaking.4. Us

39、e Your Hands to Improve Speech. If you want to get your point across more effectively, try incorporating I some hand gestures while you speak._19_ Speech-associated gestures have been approved to help listeners stay focused and attentive.Now you can be the person appearing more successful in and out

40、 of the boardroom. Remember - its not always what you say verbally that activates your listeners._20_.A. Lower Tones Matter.B. Mind Your Vocal Tone.C. This can make you appear more confident.D. It is time for your body to do some of the talking.E. Using hand gestures is always a great way to appeal

41、to your listeners.F. Body language is a primary factor in making a strong first impression.G. Not only will they make yourself understood, they also keep the listeners engaged.第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Do you listen? Do you

42、 really listen? Is there more to listening than just hearing?Listening is, by far, one of the most important aspects of communication. So often, you pay attention to your way of speaking, your _21_ , your dialect, but neglect your ability to listen.It is my _22_ that people scream out or change the

43、intended purposes of much of what they hear. Too often, we consider listening the _23_ part of conversation, although it requires our focus, purpose, and active participation.Listening means to give ear to, to pay attention to, to _24_ , to witness, to hear with thoughtful _25_ , or to understand.Th

44、e most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and to be understood. The only way to understand is to _26_ .Learn to be an active listener. Give off positive body language._27_ a willingness to socialize. Ask the right questions. Boost your _28_ so that you can understand more and achieve

45、 effective listening.Listening means we should respond, that we should be touched, that what we hear has a(n)_29_ on us. I believe that history _30_ itself only because no one listens the first time.You were given two ears but only one mouth, which is a gentle hint that we should listen more, becaus

46、e God knew that listening was twice as _31_ as talking. Listening is the key building block in effective communications. Good listening skills are crucial, as listening is the fundamental _32_ of all information.Isnt now the time to give the gift of listening to those about you? Given them your _33_

47、 attention. Use your God given _34_ to become a better listener. For me, Im going to put into _35_ what I believe in my heart and become a better listener.21. A. soundsB. wordsC. gesturesD. movements22. A. conceptionB. planC. purposeD. requirement23. A. activeB. passiveC. basicD. useless24. A. argue

48、B. quarrelC. discussD. obey25. A. adviceB. attentionC. loveD. help26. A. askB. learnC. tryD. listen27. A. SendB. PresentC. PredictD. Design28. A. courageB. confidenceC. energyD. knowledge29. A. impactB. connectionC. emotionD. difference30. A. makesB. failsC. repeatsD. destroys31. A. interestingB. hardC. muchD. long32 A. resourceB. materialC. source