2023年牛津深圳版八年级上英语全册重要语法知识点
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1、2023年牛津深圳版八年级上英语全册重要语法知识点Unit 1 Encyclopaedias1. Look it up! 查阅一下! look up意为“查阅;查询”,强调在词典、参考书等工具书里查询。 We can look up new words in a dictionary. 我们可以在词典中查新单词。【拓展】 look up 仰视;向上看look 的相关短语:look around 向周围看 look out 向外看;当心 look like 看起来像 look the same 看起来相同 look forward to 盼望 look for 寻找look at 看着 look
2、 after 照顾;照料2. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. 例如,他的笔记本里包含一些飞行器的有趣图画。 ainclude 是及物动词,意为“包含,包括”拓展:including 是介词,意为“包括,包含在内”Ten members were present at the meeting, including the boss.包括老板在内的10个成员出席了会议。3. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than sixty million
3、 years before human beings.恐龙在六百多万年前先于人类就生活在地球上了。 more than 多于, 不仅仅=overeg: More than forty countries came to Guangzhou to take part in the 2010 Asian Games.He is more than an artist; he is also a writer. hundred, thousand, million, billion的用法A. 跟具体数词连用时不可用复数形式 eg. two hundred/ five thousandB. hundr
4、eds / thousands of 表示一个约数概念,意为“数以百计、千计的”4. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. some.others.意思是一些,一些。eg: Usually in the park, some people are singing , others are running.拓展:如: The apples are delicious. Could you give me another one?He has two sons. One is a
5、 nurse, the other is a teacher.Some countries are in Asia, others are in AfricaSome students of Class 2 are in the classroom, the others are out. =the other students5. Dinosaurs all died out suddenly. 常见die的短语: die out: 灭绝;绝种 die of: 因而死。 一般用于害病,疲劳,寒冷,饥渴,年老,失望,悲伤等感情原因等造成死亡;die from: 因而死。常用于由于外部创伤或间接
6、的原因致死。die away: (声音、光线、风等)渐渐消失6.When I was young, I used to keep a notebook. “used to + 动词原形”意为“过去常常做某事”,并且暗含有“现在已不做”之意。拓展: 区分 be used to doing sth. 习惯做 be used to do sth. 被用来做6. Just remember to think and to dream. 记住要思考和梦想。 辨析: remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(此事还未做) remember doing sth. 记得已做过某事(此事已做完)拓展
7、:remember that+句子 eg. Remember that tomorrow is your mothers birthday.7. How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared? 在恐龙消失之前,它们在地球上生活了多长时间?辨析:how far, how soon, how often 和 how long how far 询问的是距离多远;how soon 询问的是多久以后,多用in + 时间段 进行回答;how often 询问的是做某事的频率,多用sometimes, always等频率副词作答;h
8、ow long 询问的是多长时间,多用for + 时间段回答。它还可以用来提问物体的长度,意为“多长”。八上Unit 2 Numbers1. check v. 检查,核实E.g. Please check the answers . 请核对答案。相关短语:check in 登记,检票 check out办清手续后离开 check up 检验2. have problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难E.g. They have some problems in getting there on time. 他们准时到达那儿有些困难。3. one day 和 some day的区
9、别One day有一天;某一天;既可指“过去的某一天”,也可指“将来的某一天”。Some day 只表示“将来的某一天”E.g. I think my dream will come true one day/ some day. 我想我的梦想有一天会实现。One day, the old man was every ill. 4. challenge v. /n. 挑战challenge to 向某人挑战E.gMy father challenged me to table tennis game. 父亲向我挑战一场乒乓球比赛。5. promise v. / n. 承诺,许诺; 后面可接双宾
10、语或动词不定式作宾语。promise to do 承诺做E.g. She promised me the book. 她承诺给我这本书。6. if如果;引导条件状语从句,要遵循“主将从现”原则。即主句用一般将来时(或含有情态动词),if后面的从句要用一般现在时。E.g. If it rains, I wont go tomorrow. 7. would like to do= want to do 想做./ would like + 名词E.g. I would like some apples. 8. rest n. 剩余部分; the rest of “的剩余部分”E.g. Theyll
11、eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast. the rest 作为代词用法时,若指代的名词是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数;若指代的为不可数名词,谓语动词则用单数。E.g. Some members in our club would like to go swimming, the rest want to climb mountain. . n/ v.休息have a rest = take a break 休息9. instead 和 instead of instead 代替,而不是; 位于句首或句末instead of
12、代替,而不是;后接名词、代词或v-ingE.g. Ill stay at home and do my homework instead. Ill read newspapers instead of seeing a film. 10. enough adj. / adv. 足够的,充足的; 作为形容词时,后面可接可数名词复数/不可数名词,enough time/ money 作为副词时,放在形容词之后,strong enough 足够强壮adj. + enough + to do E.g. He is old enough to go to school. 11. advice n 建议
13、advice不可数名词【拓展:常见不可数名词information, weather, news】advise v. advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事E.g. . She advised us to wait for one more day. 12. agree同意 【反义:disagree】 agree with sb. 同意某人 agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree on sth. 在某事上意见达成一致13. not any more= no more 不再(表示数量或程度上不再)E.g. The girl didnt cry any more.
14、 = The girl no more cried.notany longer = no longer 不再(表示距离或时间上不再.)E.g. She doesnt live here any longer. = She no longer lives here. 14. both and 两者都,谓语动词用复数形式E.g. Both his father and his uncle are very tall.【拓展】not only A but also B意思是:不仅而且,either A or B意思是或者或者,neither A nor B意思是既不也不,这三组连词连接A 和B 做主
15、语成分时,谓语单复数由B决定,这叫就近原则。16. make / find / keep sb. + adj. E.g. The present made my cousin happy. I found the dog clever.17. 否定转移:当主句主语为第一人称,think ,believe等动词后面的从句为否定句时,要将否定词转移到主句中。翻译成汉语时,要注意将否定的意义还原到从句中去。E.g. I dont think that Jenny will come to the party. 我认为珍妮不会来参加这个聚会。I dont believe he is right. 我相
16、信他不对。18. in this way 用这种方法,这样E.g. We can do well in English in this way.【拓展】in the way挡道on ones way to在某人去的路上(当后面出现home, here , there这几个词时,to 省略)by the way 顺便问一下,顺便说一下八上Unit 31. Listen to a woman making a phone order. P33考点: 此句中的order的词性是名词, 意思是点餐,订购。考点:order 还可以做动词词性,常用的结构order sb to do sth 意为命令某人做
17、某事2. You never seem to be short of pocket money. (P33)考点1:seem 可以做动词, 意思是似乎,好像常见的用法有:1) seem+adj 如:Everything seems easy.2) Seem+n 如:He seems an honest man.3) ,seem+to do 如:It seems to rain.4) ,it seems +that+从句 如:It seems that he doesnt have many friends.考点2:be short of 的意思是缺乏3. In the 1940s, the f
18、irst computers were bigger than cars. P35考点1:in the 1940s 的意思是在20世纪40年代在英语中表示某个年代可以用 in+the+整十年份s/整十年份s4.In addition, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.考点:in addition 的意思是另外,是一个副词短语,通常用于句子的开头,后面用逗号与句子其他部分隔开拓展:in addition to是介词短语,意思是除之外,to 是介词(词性
19、),后接名词、代词或动名词5.However, one day computers may be able to do a better job than human beings. P35辨析be able to与canbe able to指具有做某件事的能力可用于各种时态He will be able to fly to the moon.can泛指一般的能力只用于一般现在时和一般过去时Jack can play the piano.6. Some young people always need help from their parents. P36考点:need的用法用作实义动词作为
20、实义动词,need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词,这种情况下,need既可用于肯定句,也可用于否定句和疑问句,构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does.(1)need sth.这是need最常见的用法之一,其后的宾语可以是名词,也可以是代词。(2)need doing 与 need to be doneneed后面可跟动名词作宾语,这种情况下应注意两点:.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如: (3)need to do sth. 作为实义动词,need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做
21、某事。7.We had fun and learnt something new as well.考点1:have fun的意思是玩的开心,其中fun的词性为名词考点2:as well在此句中的意思是也,通常用于句末,相当于too辨析位置例句as well肯定句句末He can swim as well.also肯定句句中He also wants to swim.too肯定句句末I am happy, too.either否定句句末He doesnt want to go, either.8.The red one costs 2,500, and its made of leather.
22、P39考点1: 英语中的表花费的四朵小金花Cost, pay, spend 和take 都表示_但它们的搭配各不相同:主语花费搭配1.sthcostSb. money2. sbpaymoney for sth。3. sb spendTime/money (in) doing sthTime/money on sth4. It/sth./doing sth.takeSb time to do sth.Sb time.考点2:辨析be made of/from/in/up of1) be made of表示由制成, 一般指能够看出原材料,或发生的是物理变化。 (2) be made from也表示
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