2023年北京市中考英语试卷（含答案解析）

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1、2023年北京市中考英语试卷时间: 90 分钟 满分: 60分第一部分一、单项填空 (每题0. 5分, 共6分) 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项1My sister enjoys singing and _ favorite subject is music.AhisBherCyourDtheir2Its a good idea to visit Beijing _ October.AatBonCinDto3Must I stay here and wait for you? No, you _. You can go home now.Aneednt

2、BcantCmustntDshouldnt4Which do you like _, swimming or skating? Swimming.AwellBbetterCbestDthe best5_ do you tidy your own room? Twice a week.AHow oftenBHow soonCHow muchDHow long6It was difficult to climb the mountain, _ Sam got to the top at last.AorBsoCforDbut7Lucy, what are you doing? I _ a mode

3、l ship.AmakeBmadeCam makingDwas making8The Shenzhou-15 astronauts _ to Earth safely on June 4, 2023.AreturnBreturnedCwill returnDhave returned9If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you _ a great time there.AhaveBhadCwill haveDhave had10Eric _ many things since he became interested in science.Ai

4、s learningBwas learningCwill learnDhas learned11The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers _ every year.Aare plantedBwere plantedCplantDplanted12Lily, can you tell me _ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.Awhat

5、you will doBwhat you didCwhat will you doDwhat did you do二、完形填空 (每题1分, 共8分) 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Be Whats MissingWhere was that cashier (收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my watch. I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work. I looked around the nearly

6、 empty 13 , but the cashier was nowhere in sight. A woman stood wiping (擦) the far end of the counter. She looked at me coldly with sad, dark eyes. I 14 , getting angry. Id been standing there for at least three minutes! Controlling my anger, I remembered Moms words. “Whenever you find yourself in a

7、n unpleasant situation, just think about what is missing. If someone is unkind, then kindness is missing. If someone is hateful, then 15 is missing. If we will be whats missing, then well provide whatever the situation needs.”And here I was in an unpleasant situation. How should I “be whats missing”

8、? What was missing was 16 . Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order. Just then the woman walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked, still 17 . She looked so tired. No doubt, she was overworked. I took a deep breath. With Moms words ringing in my head, I gave the

9、 woman my order . and smiled. “How are you today?”My question seemed to 18 her. She eyed me for a second before answering. “Not too good.”“Im sorry.” I said. “I hope it gets better starting right now.”She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope youre right.”I thought to myself as I ate my

10、 sandwich. Were all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt. We need to be 19 to each other. After eating, I wiped the table cleaner than usual, and put the tray (托盘) back nicely on the stand. The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face. “Be whats missing.” It

11、20 .13ArestaurantBstreetCschoolDoffice14AagreedBfinishedCwaitedDleft15AtrustBloveCpatienceDconfidence16AhopeBadviceCmoneyDservice17AnervouslyBcarefullyCcoldlyDkindly18AdisappointBhurtCtroubleDsurprise19AnicerBcoolerCcloserDfairer20AsaidBworkedCreadDended三、阅读理解 (每题2分, 共26分) (一) 阅读下列课程介绍, 请根据人物喜好和需求匹配

12、最适合的课程, 并将课程所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。AShort Art CoursesA. Wild ArtThis course is about drawing and painting. Youll use your new skills to make a wall poster of animals. And weve got lots of picture books to give you ideas. B. Art MattersThis course teaches you different drawing skills. Well

13、get you to draw the latest styles of clothes. If you like designing clothes and want to study it at college, join us! C. Creative ArtThis course is about making bags to keep your sports clothes in. We provide lots of materials. And youll visit art museums to get some creative ideas. D. Art MagicThis

14、 course is about telling good stories in pictures. Therell be cartoon films to watch and instruction in how to draw your favorite characters. 21 Im interested in designing clothes and want to study it at college. Alice22 I enjoy making wall posters of animals and Id like to read picture books. Tony2

15、3 I like making hags and want to visit art museums to get creative ideas. Harry(二) 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项。BBetty was excited to show her brother David the basket filled with seashells. But David was busy helping Dad get everything back into the car. “What are you going to do w

16、ith those useless things?” he said. “You cant take them home.”“But I want these seashells,” Betty said unhappily. “Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special.”Suddenly, David saw the water rising along the beach. He shouted to Betty, “The waves （海浪）are about to take your toys!” As

17、Betty ran to get her things, she called to David, “Please put my seashells into the car!”David was putting one of the beach chairs into the car when his foot accidentally knocked over the basket. As David lifted a heavy box, he slipped（滑倒）and dropped the box right on top of the seashells, breaking m

18、ost of them into pieces. Betty came back with her toys. When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry. David started to pick up the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket. Dad tried to explain to Betty that it was an accident. But Betty was still upset. David also felt sad. He

19、 thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea. The next morning David waited for Betty with the basket of seashells and some strong glue. He also had a framed（装框的）photo of the two of them. Together they looked through the basket and found severa

20、l seashells that were not broken and could still be used. Then they glued the seashells to the frame. “Im really sorry, Betty.” David said. “Yesterday I was very careless with something special to you.”Betty looked at her brother and smiled. “Youre the best big brother ever!”24What did Betty think o

21、f the seashells?AClean.BUseless.CExpensive.DSpecial.25Betty began to cry when _.Ashe slipped and hurt herselfBshe knocked over the basketCshe saw the broken seashellsDshe told her dad about the accident26David glued the seashells to the frame to _.Amake it up to his sisterBdevelop his painting skill

22、Cprepare a gift for his dadDmake the picture beautifulCDo you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste? According to the United Nations (UN), every year around the world, about one billion (十亿) tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people wh

23、o go hungry. Simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger. In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), which speeds up climate (气候) change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem? One effective solution is balancing food produ

24、ction with demand (需求). In hotels and other similar places, special instruments should be used so that cooking specialists just prepare and cook food as it is ordered. Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce (减少) food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in fo

25、od waste reduction. For example, stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality (质量). Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to

26、make delicious dishes. One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family. Food rec

27、ycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area. In a word, food waste has been one of the

28、biggest problems in the world that have influenced us greatly. Many solutions have been found and many more are yet to be worked out. If each of us can put in more efforts, food waste is sure to be reduced for the good of our future.27According to the passage, what is a possible result of food waste

29、?AThe problem of worldwide hunger.BA big increase in food production.CThe speed-up of climate change.DA sudden drop in population.28What can we learn from the passage?AFood recycling has been hugely successful.BBuyers should give up non-top quality food.CStores should train people to make delicious

30、dishes.DMeal plans in the family are hard to put into practice.29What is the passage mainly about?ABenefits of reducing food waste.BSolutions to the food waste problem.CThe importance of fighting food waste.DThe attitude to the food waste problem.DWhen considering the kind of experience that makes l

31、ife better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldnt have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet evening. Pleasure is an important part of the quality of life, but by i

32、tself it doesnt bring happiness. When people think further about what makes a worthy life, they tend (倾向于) to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap (有重叠) pleasurable ones but fall into a group with a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable event

33、s take place when people have not only satisfied a need or met some earlier expectation, but also achieved something unexpected. Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves ones ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things i

34、n a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didnt know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After a

35、n enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown. Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different. For example, everybody takes pleasure in eating. However, to enjoys food is more difficult you have to pay enough attention to a meal, so as to

36、 sense and tell its various tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any psychic energy, while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, as long as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激). But its impossibl

37、e to enjoy a tennis game or a book without full attention. Its for this reason that pleasure does not last long, nor does it make us grow. Growth requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging. Without enjoyment, life will go on, and it can even be pleasant. But it de

38、pends heavily on luck and the external (外部的) environment. To achieve personal control over the quality of experience, however, we need to learn how to build enjoyment into what happens day in, day out.30You will most probably experience enjoyment when you _.Abuy expensive shoesBorder a delicious mea

39、lCtalk with friends for new ideasDsit quietly in front of a television31What do you know about pleasure and enjoyment from the passage?AEnjoyment grows out of pleasure.BPleasure and enjoyment come hand in hand.CPleasurable experiences are part of enjoyable ones.DSome experiences provide both pleasur

40、e and enjoyment.32The words “psychic energy” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to _.AattentionBinterestCabilityDknowledge33The writer probably agrees that _.Afeeling pleasure stops people from achieving growthBfeeling enjoyment comes with achieving growthCa worthy life depends on luck and enviro

41、nmentDpleasure is the key to a happy and worthy life第二部分本部分共5题, 共20分。根据题目要求, 完成相应任务。四、阅读表达 (第34-36题每题2分, 第37题4分, 共10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。My 100 Days Without a Mobile PhoneWhen was the last time you left home without your mobile phone? Can you imagine yourself living a month, or even a year without che

42、cking your mobile phone from time to time? As a busy modern person with lots of social connections, plans and responsibilities, I just cannot afford to not be in touch with the rest of the world. Staying connected to other people is a big part of my life. However, sometimes it can be bothersome (恼人的

43、). One day I discovered I was terribly tired out. I tried turning notifications (通知) off. But the fear of missing out something important made me check the phone more often than before. So, I simply stopped using my phone. Well, to tell the truth, it was not simple at all. For the first couple of da

44、ys, I had a big fear that all of my friends would soon forget about me. When I had a free moment, I had no idea what to get myself distracted (分心的) with, and the worries mixed with boredom kept bothering me. However, after three weeks without a mobile phone, I started noticing changes changes which

45、I liked, and which drove me to not just continue the experiment, but in fact to reorganize some of my habits. First of all, I noticed that I became much more focused (专注的). Before, while doing something, I would often find myself wondering what was going on online. After a month of staying away from

46、 my mobile phone, I found that the urge (冲动) was already not that strong and that my ability to focus improved. I discovered that the world is a beautiful place. Before, I would look at it through my camera mostly: take a photo, post it, get some likes. Now, I saw beautiful people walking around and

47、 I sensed the seasons change. I could understand the actual beauty of the world, and I did not need anyone else to prove the value of this beauty through likes or shares. Now, as 100 days have passed, I can say that the experiment was worth it. I am planning to stay away from my phone for as long as possible.34What made the writer check the phone more often than before?