2019届高考英语（浙江专版）一轮复习练习：选修6 Unit5知能演练轻松闯关（含答案解析）

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1、阅读提速练阅读理解A(2017浙江卷 10 月)There are energy savings to be made from all recyclable materials, sometimes huge savings. Recycling plastics and aluminum, for instance, uses only 5% to 10% as much energy as producing new plastic or smelting(提炼) aluminum.Long before most of us even noticed what we now call

2、“the environment， ” Buckminster Fuller said, “Pollution is nothing but the resources we are not harvesting. We allow them to be left around because weve been ignorant of their value.” To take one example, lets compare the throwaway economy with a recycling economy as we feed a cat for life.Say your

3、cat weight 5kg and eats one can of food each day. Each empty can of its food weighs 40g. In a throwaway economy, you would throw away 5，475 cans over the cats 15year lifetime. Thats 219kg of steelmore than a fifth of a ton and more than 40 times the cats weight.In a recycling economy, we would make

4、one set of 100 cans to start with, then replace them over and over again with recycled cans. Since almost 3% of the metal is lost during reprocessing, wed have to make an extra 10 cans each year. But in all, only 150 cans will be used up over the cats lifetimeand well still have 100 left over for th

5、e next cat.Instead of using up 219kg of steel, weve used only 6kg. And because the process of recycling steel is less polluting than making new steel, weve also achieved the following significant savings: in energy use47% to 74%; in air pollution85%; in water pollution35%; in water use40%.【解题导语】 本文首

6、段点明主旨：回收利用可大大节约资源，并引用伟大建筑师富勒的话和养猫喂食的例子肯定循环经济的价值所在。1What does Buckminster Fuller say about pollution?AIt is becoming more serious. BIt destroys the environment.CIt benefits the economy. DIt is the resources yet to be used.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的 Buckminster Fuller 的话：“Pollution is nothing but the resources

7、 we are not harvesting. We allow them to be left around because weve been ignorant of their value.”可知，他认为污染只不过是我们没有收获的资源。由于我们对它们的价值一无所知，因此让它们白白浪费。故选 D。2How many cans will be used up in a cats 15year lifetime in a recycling economy?A50. B100.C150. D250.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的 “But in all, only 150 cans wil

8、l be used up over the cats lifetime”可以推断出，循环经济下，要养活一只存活 15 年的猫需要用掉 150 个罐。故选 C。3What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo promote the idea of recycling. BTo introduce an environmentalist.CTo discuss the causes of pollution. DTo defend the throwaway economy.A 解析：写作目的题。文章通过养猫喂食的例子，用数字对比了循环经济

9、和一次性经济消耗资源的不同结果，目的是推广回收利用的理念。故选 A。BThe world record holder for the number of university degrees is a 70yearold Italian.Mr.Luciano Baietti lives in the town of Velletri near Rome and spends his days walking around his small house and garden.But every morning as early as 3 oclock，he pulls out his text

10、books and starts studying.He now holds 15 bachelors or masters degrees from universities across Italy，and is already attempting his 16th.“Thanks to books，I feel free， ”he tells the BBC journalists.“After all，the words share the same root， ”he says，referring to the Italian words libro(book)and libero

11、(free)The certificates proving his talent hang on the walls of his study， showing people that he was writing new pages in the Guinness Book of Records.In 2002 he got his eighth degree in motor skills.And before that he already had degrees in sociology，literature，law，political science and philosophy，

12、most from Rome s famous La Sapienza University, one of the oldest in the world.Since then，he has added seven other degrees to his list，including one in criminology(犯罪学)，one in military strategies and the latest one in tourism in February 2017.All of these three were from online universities.“Each ti

13、me I set myself a new challenge to see how far my body and my brain can go， ”says Mr.Baietti.【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。来自意大利的 70 岁的 Luciano Baietti 先生是已获得大学学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者。4What can we know about Mr.Baietti from the passage?AHe has a wide range of learning.BHe is the oldest world record holder.CHe has got cra

14、zy about getting degrees.DHe got all his degrees by going to school.A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三至五段可以推断 Luciano Baietti 先生的学习范围非常广泛。a wide range of 意思是“广泛的，多种多样的” ，所以选项 A 正确。5Why has Mr.Baietti tried to get so many degrees?ATo show his talent.BTo challenge himself.CTo become popular.DTo break the world record.B

15、解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Each time I set myself a new challenge to see how far my body and my brain can go”可知选项 B 正确。6Where does this passage most probably come from?AA newspaper. BA biography.CA travel magazine. DA story book.A 解析：推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第四段 Luciano Baietti 先生接受 BBC 采访的信息可以推断本文应该是一篇新闻报道。所以选项 A 正确。CC

16、rossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people dont even notice that theyre doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.A study published in Blood Pressure Monit

17、oring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circ

18、ulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You wont feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawnout increases in blood pressure can cause longterm health issues. So, planning to sit for a long period of time? Dont keep your legs crossed.“Cros

19、sing your legs at the knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg， ” explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis(麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg,

20、 preventing you from being able to raise your anklewhat we know as that “pins_and_needles” sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in t

21、he habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。7What can we learn about crossing ones legs?AIt is a very ba

22、d social habit.BIt is usually practiced deliberately.CIt can do harm to peoples health.DIt can make others feel uncomfortable.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句 “While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起

23、健康问题，故 C 项正确。8According to the study, sitting with your legs crossed can_Aaffect your blood pressureBresist gravity effectivelyClead to heart attacks easilyDimprove the function of legsA 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句 “A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can

24、 increase your blood pressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故 A 项正确。9In the third paragraph “pins and needles” probably means “_”Aslightly sharp pains Bbeing a little tiredCserious muscle injuries Dbeing highly flexibleA 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的 “This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis(麻痹) of some o

25、f the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛” ，故 A 项正确。10What is the main purpose of the text?ATo compare common habits.BTo give readers some advice.CTo evaluate the effects of an experiment.DTo i

26、ntroduce research methods.B 解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故 B 项正确。七选五Coming facetoface with your inadequacies(缺点) can be painful, to say the least. 1._ It even makes you question yourself. Your kneejerk reaction may be to get defensive or even dismiss the critique

27、 entirely. But handling negative feedback with grace will not only make you look gracious, but it could ultimately help you grow as a person. Heres how to do it.Be objective about the criticismBefore you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other persons opinion, take a step back and look

28、at it objectively.Next time you get a bad review, dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather, take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate. 2._Avoid unnecessary conflictIf you decide that the point is valid, it may be hard to take. In your discomf

29、ort, you may feel the urge to criticize the other person angrily and defend yourself. 3._Be open to the idea of change4_ And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most.Ask questionsIf youre open to using the critic

30、ism as a springboard to improvement, you will likely need more information. 5._ Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information. However, when you feel ready, it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you. Even if you d

31、ont agree with their advice, thank them and promise to consider it.AMost of us are pretty stubborn.BThere is no doubt that change is necessary.CBut its best to avoid getting into an argument.DBeing sensitive to criticism leads you nowhere.EIt challenges the way you believe people see you.FGive yours

32、elf a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it.GThe initial moment you hear it may not be the best time to ask for more details.【解题导语】 听到别人对你的批评也许会很痛苦，但是如果优雅地处理这些问题，自己将变得更好。1E 解析：根据空后一句话可知，空处与下一句是递进关系，E 项“这会挑战你认为别人看待你的方式” ，所以 E 项符合语境。2F 解析：根据空前的“dont immediately allow your emotions t

33、o get the better of you, but rather, take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate”可知，空处应讲给自己一个机会真正吸收这些信息并对其进行评估。故 F 项符合语境。3C 解析：根据该段小标题 “Avoid unnecessary conflict”可知，C 项“但是最好避免陷入争吵”符合语境。4A 解析：根据空后的“ And it may be because of a concept called cognitive dissonance that can preven

34、t us from changing even when thats what we need most.”及本段小标题可知，A 项“我们大部分人都很倔强 ”符合语境。5G 解析：根据空后的“Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information.”并结合上文可知，空处应讲最开始听到批评时不适合问更多的细节，故 G 项符合语境。语言运用与写作规范练完形填空One of the most remarkable things about the human

35、mind is our ability to imagine the future.In our_1_ we can see what has not yet happened.For example，while we are looking forward to _2_ a new place or country，we _3_ what it will be like.We predict the _4_ people will eat，dress and act.Of course，we do not always predict things_5_Things are often ve

36、ry different from the way we _6_ them to be.One of the _7_ dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule ，who had been_8_ to work out a very difficult problem in physics.He had_9_and analyzed the problem from every angle for days，but there_10_ to be no way of _11_ out the answer.Then

37、 one night he went to bed and dreamed.When he_12_ up，he realized that he knew the answer.He had solved the problem in his_13_.It is said that in order to figure out the process，the hypnotist(催眠师) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke_14_ ：“I want you to concentrate on my voice.Think about_15_ You

38、know nothing but my voice.And as you pay attention to my voice， your_16_ will get heavier.Soon youll be asleep.You will hear my voice and_17_ my words，but your body will be asleep，your eyes are too heavy.You are_18_ asleep，and when you wake up you will_ 19_ nothing.You will forget everything.Now I a

39、m going to_20_slowly from one to five.One，two，three，four，five.” 【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过德国科学家 Kekule 的故事，说明了人类大脑的神奇能力。1A.brains BsensesCminds DsightsC 解析：根据前一句“One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象未来的能力；据此可知，空处指“思维” ，故 C 项正确。2

40、A.visiting BseekingCreaching DdiscoveringA 解析：根据该句中的“a new place or country”可以判断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(imagine) 那里会是什么样子。3A.imagine BknowCfeel DguessA 解析：参见上题解析。4A.custom BhabitCstyle DwayD 解析：根据该段最后一句中的 “the way”，并结合该句 “We predict the _people will eat，dress and act.”可知，我们总会预测( 这个地方的)

41、人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式。D 项意为“方式 ”，符合语境，故 D 项正确。 A 项意为“风俗” ；B 项意为“习惯” ；C 项意为“风格” 。5A.quickly BsimplyCcorrectly DneatlyC 解析：根据空处后一句“Things are often very different from the way we_them to be.”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以判断，我们不是总能正确地 (correctly)预测事物。6A.required BwishedCleft DexpectedD 解析：参见上题解析。expect“预料，预期” 。7A.funn

42、y BdullCfamous DsillyC 解析：根据该句中的“dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule ”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦之一是德国科学家 Kekule的梦。C 项意为“著名的” ，符合语境，故 C 项正确。A 项意为“有趣的” ；B 项意为“无趣的” ； D 项意为“愚蠢的” 。8A.managing BtryingCthinking DhopingB 解析：根据该句中的“Kekule，who had been_to work out a very difficult problem

43、in physics”及下文可知，Kekule 一直在努力解一道物理难题；try to do sth.意为“努力做某事” ，符合语境，故 B 项正确。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”强调结果，与语境不符。9A.studied BlearnedCdiscussed DsearchedA 解析：根据该句中的“He had_and analyzed the problem from every angle for days”可知，他从多个角度研究(studied)和分析了这个难题。10A.used BoughtCseemed DhadC 解析：根据该句中的“but there_

44、to be no way of_out the answer”可知，似乎没有办法弄清答案。seem 意为“似乎，好像”符合语境，故 C 项正确。11A.bringing BfindingCturning DlettingB 解析：参见上题解析。find out“弄清，查明” ；bring out“使表现出” ；turn out“结果是，证明是” ；let out “发出” 。12A.gave BsatCwoke DgotC 解析：根据前一句“Then one night he went to bed and dreamed.”可知，空处表示他醒来时意识到自己知道了答案。wake up 为固定短

45、语，意为 “醒” ，故 C 项正确。13A.dream BlessonCresearch DexerciseA 解析：根据上文中的“he went to bed and dreamed.When he_up，he realized that he knew the answer.”可知，他在梦(dream)中解决了这个难题。14A.softly BloudlyCslowly DfirmlyA 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知催眠师应是柔和地 (softly)说着话。15A.everything BsomethingCnothing DanythingC 解析：根据空前一句“I want you t

46、o concentrate on my voice.”及下文中的“You know nothing but my voice.”可知，空处应指什么都不要想。 C 项符合语境，故 C 项正确。16A.eyes BfeetChead DbodyA 解析：根据常识可知，被催眠师催眠时，眼睛会变得沉重。故选 A 项。17A.believe BrepeatCtake DunderstandD 解析：根据该句中的“You will hear my voice and_my words”可知，此处指听到声音并理解听到的话。understand“理解，明白” ，符合语境。18A.really Bextreme

47、lyCactually DalmostD 解析：根据空处前一句可知，此处指你几乎 (almost)要睡着了。19A.accept BrememberChear DreceiveB 解析：根据下文中的“You will forget everything.”可知，空处指你将什么都不记得。B 项符合语境，故 B 项正确。20A.count BsayCadd DspeakA 解析：根据文中的“Now I am going to_slowly from one to five.One，two，three，four，five.”可知，此处表示数数； A 项意为“(按顺序)数数” ，符合语境，故 A 项正

48、确。语法填空The MidAutumn Festival in China has nothing, or at least very little, to do 1._autumn. Its about time off work, and the gift that few seem to eat but people keep giving to one another: mooncakes.I 2._(learn) about mooncakes when I moved to Chinas capital city, Beijing. When the MidAutumn Festival came around, the city was 3._(live) especially with shopping for mooncakes.