2019届高考英语（译林版）一轮复习练习：必修1 Unit1知能演练轻松闯关（含答案解析）

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1、课时练 1 阅读理解提速练阅读理解A(2018合肥高三调研性检测)Golden Gate BridgeLocated in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937. It cost more than $ 35 million in the construction. Till the year 1957,

2、 the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2，737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.Brooklyn BridgeThe Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn. It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883. The length of the bridge is 1，825 meters. The bridge has been

3、 featured in several Hollywood movies.George Washington BridgeAlso known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years. It is a twolevel suspension bridge.Mackinac BridgeThis is the th

4、ird biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8，038 meters. The architect of this bridge was Dr. David B. Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954.It was opened to the public in 1957. People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of mone

5、y.Navajo BridgeLocated in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long. The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390，000. In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995. The first bridge

6、 is still used by pedestrians now.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。1What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt consists of two bridges.BIt costs the least of the five bridges.CIt is the longest suspension bridge in the world.DIt takes about 4 years to complete the construction.D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的

7、 “the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金门大桥的建造时间约有四年，故 D 项正确。2Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?AGolden Gate Bridge.BBrooklyn Bridge.CGeorge Washington Bridge.DNa

8、vajo Bridge.B 解析：细节理解题。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建造时间；根据文中各座大桥的建造时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故 B 项正确。3What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?AHave to pay some money.BUse the second bridge.CCover nearly 250 meters.DSee the statue of Dr. David B. Steinman.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句 “People us

9、ing this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故 A 项正确。B(2018惠州高三第一次调研考试)Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that clos

10、e friendships help boost health.Thats true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just

11、 13. They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall h

12、ealth. When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who h

13、eld back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression. And in these people， suc

14、h other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior

15、, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”And, he adds， “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”【解题导语】 研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的

16、青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。4Where can you probably read this passage?AScience fiction.BHealth column.CFashion magazine.DEntertainment newspaper.B 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏” 。故 B 项正确。5We can learn from Allen s study that_Amany other factors hav

17、e a greater influence on adult health than teen friendshipsBmental health issues have nothing to do with adult health Cthe same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27Dthe teens who couldn t express themselves grew up to be unhealthierD 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Whether teens held back.sick as ad

18、ults”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故 D 项正确。6According to what Allen said, we can know that_Ain order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowdBthough it s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up Cteens will engage in smoking, dr

19、inking or using drugs when facing peer pressureDparents should understand their teens and stop them going with friendsB 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen 的话“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy”可以判断，青

20、少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选 B。7What can be inferred from the passage?AThere is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.BClose friendships are the most important for peoples health.CTeen friendships may help teens become healthier adults. DAdult health is only influenced by teen frien

21、dships.C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句 “But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C 项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人” ，符合文章意思。故 C 项正确。C(2018太原高三模拟)Dear Parents，Im delighted that you are considering The British International School fo

22、r your childs education. Our school offers firstclass international education delivered by experienced and professional staff.We aim to provide a high quality Britishstyle education characterized by：The arrangement of the English national curriculum to meet the needs of international and local stude

23、nts and offering an insight into the local culture.High quality teaching provided by international and local staff.A broad personal development plan for students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect.A recognition of the schoolparent partnership in the success

24、ful education of the children.An acknowledgement that all students are individuals who deserve an environment to help them realize their academic and other potential, thereby preparing them for their chosen continuing education and career.A safe, caring, happy and stimulating environment benefiting

25、from high quality facilities.Our school provides an effective framework for education through a broad, balanced and monitored curriculum. As students advance through the schooling, we make sure that their needs are met through progressive teaching and learning. Although our curriculum is based upon

26、the national curriculum for England, it is adapted where appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body. Thus，we strive for the development of transferable skills through the years of schooling, as well as the acquisition(获得) of a broad body of knowledge.Students are given opportuni

27、ties to develop many skills, which include skills in language, science, technology and mathematics, in the aesthetic(审美的) and creative fields of music, drama and art, and in physical education.We insist that students act in a responsible manner toward all members of the community. Throughout the sch

28、ool years, students are taught to distinguish between right and wrong and show consideration for others. The qualities of honesty, kindness and good manners are always encouraged. Our friendly atmosphere provides a secure and happy environment in which children can grow as individuals and valued mem

29、bers of the school family.【解题导语】 该文是一封学校校长致家长的信。8What do you think the author is?AA school principal.BAn exchange student.CAn assistant professor.DAn experienced lecturer.A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句 “Our school offers firstclass international education delivered by experienced and professional staff”可推知，本文的

30、作者是文中所提到的学校的校长，故选 A。9Why does the school change its curriculum when necessary?ATo develop some good students skills.BTo meet the needs of different students.CTo offer an insight into the local culture.DTo help students realize their potential.B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Although our curriculum is based upon

31、 the national curriculum for England, it is adapted where appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body”可知，课程的调整是为了适应学生需求的多样性。10Which of the following about the students is NOT mentioned in the passage?AManners.BSelfdiscipline.CQualities.DIndependence.B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第五段的“A broad pe

32、rsonal development plan for students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect”可知，文章中没有提到自律。11What is the purpose of the passage?AThe author thinks schools and parents play an important role in teaching.BThe author is stressing that responsibility is the most impo

33、rtant thing for a student.CThe author is encouraging more parents to send their children to this school.DThe author implies students become valued people with a friendly atmosphere.C 解析：写作意图题。根据全文的整体内容可推知，本文是一封校长致家长的信，介绍了学校的特色和优势，目的在于向家长推广这所学校，鼓励更多家长把自己的孩子送到这所学校来学习，故选 C。D(2018陕西西北六校模拟)With Halloween

34、 just around the corner, today we will explore the world of ghosts in this program!The MerriamWebster online dictionary says the word “ghost” goes back a thousand years to the “earliest recorded evidence of the language”. The first meaning of “ghost” was “the seat of life or intelligence”. And it st

35、ill has that meaning in some expressions.However, today, the word “ghost” usually means the soul of a dead person. This meaning is based on the idea that a persons spirit and body are separate. The spirit can continue existing long after the body has died. During Halloween, kids dressed as ghosts ar

36、e common sights. The costume is very simple： just throw on a white cloth that covers you from head to foot. But do not expect to win any costume competitions! You would not have a ghost of a chance. People use this expression to mean that something is very unlikely to happen.The sight might even mak

37、e you turn pale as a ghost. This is used when people lose color in their face. Sometimes this happens when a person is scared. But a bad cold or flu can also turn you as pale as a ghost.“Ghost” can also be a verb. In the 1880s the term “ghost” meant a person who works in secret for another person. G

38、hostwriters produce speeches for politicians. They also produce books for authors who want to tell their life stories but are not professional writers.And sometimes ghostwriters are involved in a series of books, like the childrens stories based on the teenage detective Nancy Drew. The series began

39、in 1930. The author given credit was Carolyn Keene. But she was not even real! Ghostwriters did all the work.Another expression using “ghost” as a verb is simply to ghost. This does not mean to die. It means to leave a place or event without saying “goodbye” to anyone. You can ghost from your job. Y

40、ou can ghost from a party. Yon can even ghost from a relationship. This is when you stop communicating with someone because you are simply no longer interested in them. But I will not ghost from Words and Their Stories. 【解题导语】 本文主要对“ghost”一词进行了深入探索。12The basic meaning of the word “ghost” nowadays is

41、 _Athe secret of another personBthe spirit of a dead personCthe color of ones faceDthe origin of intelligenceB 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句“However ，today，the wordghostusually means the soul of a dead person”可知，ghost 现在的基本含义是 “一个死人的灵魂” 。13If someone says “you dont have a ghost of a chance to win the match”，

42、 he means_Awithout doubt you wont lose the match Bthe match is unlikely to happen Cit s impossible for you to win the match Dyou are too scared to win the match C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句 “People use this expression to mean that something is very unlikely to happen”可知，题干中引号内的意思是“你不可能赢得比赛” ，故选 C。14What ca

43、n be inferred about the word “ghost” according to the passage?AKids dressed in a white cloth like ghosts can win a costume competition.BA bad cold can turn people as pale as a ghost because they fear illness.CIt was Carolyn Keene who ghostwrote the childrens stories.DA person devoted to his job is u

44、nlikely to ghost from his job.D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第三句 “It means to leave a place or event without saying goodbye to anyone”并结合选项可知，一个热爱自己工作的人是不可能轻易离开自己的工作的，ghost 的含义和引用的句子呼应，故选 D。15This passage is likely to appear in_Aa radio programBa Halloween posterCa fashion magazineDa newspaper advertisementA 解析

45、：文章出处题。根据第一段 “With Halloween just around the corner，today we will explore the world of ghosts in this program”可推知，本文选自一个电台的节目，故选 A。七选五(2018江西赣中五校高三联考)More and more people are working remotely.Here are some tips to keep in mind to stay focused on your work when working at home：Set and keep regular of

46、fice hours.1_Then try your best to leave work at the“office” and turn your phone on silent and enjoy the rest of your day.Give yourself some time to recharge so you can be as productive as possible.Plan and structure your workdays.Structure your workdays to maximize(使最大化) efficiency.Take advantage o

47、f your bodys natural rhythms.2._If you know you focus best in the morning，resist the temptation to check email until 10 am.or later.Set aside a designated(指定的) work area.Try to work at the same spot every day.3._And make it a place you enjoy going to each day，an area where you can focus and do your

48、best work.Take breaks.Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day.Rise from your desk，stretch or walk around the house or down the street.4._If you need social activities，go out to lunch with friends or clients.Avoid distractions(使人分心的事)One challenge of working at home is distraction.With n

49、o colleagues or partners nearby，it s easy to become distracted.Stay focused on work throughout the day to maintain consistent productivity.5._AIt could be a spare bedroom that youve turned into a home office.BPlan your work around your most productive hours.CDo your best to set work hours and stick to them.DTake a lunch break and enjoy a mid