2019届高考英语（译林版）一轮复习练习：选修8 Unit4知能演练轻松闯关（含答案解析）

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1、课时练 1 阅读理解提速练阅读理解A(2018河南省普通高中毕业班高考适应性测试)Travelling From Overseas?We understand why you are choosing to come to XUK，an international brand.You want to have fun and be safe in a different country，experiencing different activities and tasting the English culture.You may also want to improve your Engli

2、sh and meet children from different areas and backgrounds.LanguageAt XUK you can improve your English by immersing(沉浸于 ) yourself in the English culture.This way，all children can enjoy what they are doing, make the most of their time and naturally learn the language.We encourage all children to spea

3、k English throughout their time at camp and to mix with other English children and staff over their summer at XUK.If you would prefer a traditional English school，XUK English is the perfect place.Airport/Train CollectionWe organise collection from all major airports and train stations in South East

4、England.We meet you at the gate and take you to camp where well do everything possible to help you settle in.On departure we take you to the appropriate airport, check you in and make sure you get home safely!Wednesday TripsWe make sure that you make the most of your time in England.We include a wee

5、kly trip to Cambridge，Norwich or Bury St Edmunds，so if youre at camp for three weeks youll get to all three places！Our Wednesday trip is a great chance for children to have a trip off site，choose what youd like to do for the day，and get to taste a bit more of the English Culture (and shops！) For mor

6、e information，please visit www.xuk.uk.【解题导语】 本文是一则宣传广告，主要介绍了一个国际品牌 XUK 及其服务内容和优势。1What is XUK intended to do?APlan trips in England.BHelp children DIY.CImprove childrens English.DMeet foreign friends.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 You may also want to improve your English and meet children from different area

7、s and backgrounds.及第二段 Language 的描述可知，XUK 旨在提高孩子们的英语水平。故选 C。2How is XUKs airport and train collection? AInconvenient.BMemorable.CConfusing.DConsiderate.D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句 We meet you at the gate and take you to camp where well do everything possible to help you settle in.On departure we take you t

8、o the appropriate airport，check you in and make sure you get home safely！可推知，XUK 的接送服务很贴心，考虑周到。故选 D。3How many trips can children have every week?AOne. BTwo.CThree. DFour.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第二句 We include a weekly trip to Cambridge，Norwich or Bury St Edmunds.可知，在 XUK，孩子们一周可以有一次旅行。故选 A。B(2018湖南部分重点中学考前演练

9、)Its well known to car drivers that red means “stop”， green means “go”， and yellow means “hurry up and make that damn light”Why those colors, though? The answer lies in the fact that the earliest traffic signals were designed for trains, not cars.They were red and green, gaspowered, and more than a

10、little dangerous in the event of a leak.Red is an inherited(继承的) symbol from railroads, which symbolizes danger in many cultures.As red has a longer wavelength than any other color on the visible spectrum(光谱), it can be seen from a greater distance than other colors.Red has meant “stop” since long b

11、efore cars existed, with train signals use of red dating back to the days when mechanical arms lifted and lowered to indicate whether the rail ahead was clear.Greens wavelength is next to(and shorter than) yellows on the visible spectrum, meaning its still easier to see than any color other than red

12、 and yellow.Back in the early days of railway lights, green meant “caution”， while the “allclear” light was, well, clear or white.It is said that several disastrous collisions happened after an engineer mistook stars in the night for an allclear.Thus, green became “go”， and for a long time, railways

13、 used only green and red to signal trains.From the earliest days of motoring up until the mid1900s，not all stop signs were redmany were yellow, because at night it was all but impossible to see a red stop sign in a poorly lit area.In 1915 the yellow stopsign craze began in Detroit, a city that five

14、years later installed its first electric traffic signal, which happened to include the very first yellow traffic light.But what of those mysterious yellow stop signs? As materials and technologies evolved, the ability to produce highly reflective signs meant that red could resume its natural spot in

15、 the sign hierarchy, leaving the stillhighlyvisible yellow to the domain(领域) of “caution”Thats why school zones and buses, crosswalks, and other important warnings are yellow today.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。我们都知道“红灯停，绿灯行，黄灯亮了快点走”的交通规则，但交通信号灯为什么是红、黄、绿三种颜色呢？本文主要介绍了交通信号灯的起源和发展。4What were traffic lights originall

16、y intended for?ATrains. BCars.CPlanes. DShips.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “The answer lies in the fact that the earliest traffic signals were designed for trains，not cars.”可知，最初，交通信号灯是为火车而不是汽车的通行而设计的。故选 A。5Whats the main reason for reds long being used to mean “stop”？AIt can be seen even in dark areas.BIt re

17、presents danger in many cultures.CIt has the longest wavelength.DPeople prefer red to other colors.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “As red has a longer wavelength than any other color on the visible spectrum(光谱 )，it can be seen from a greater distance than other colors.”可知，由于红色在可见光谱中波长最长，因此可视距离要比其他颜色更远，这也是其能长期被用

18、作表示“停止”的交通信号的原因。故选 C。6Which of the following may the author agree with?AThe meaning of red is culturespecific.BYellow functioned as stop signs in the 1900s.CGreens wavelength is just second to that of red.DGreens role in lights has changed over time.D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的内容尤其是 “green meant caution”“gree

19、n becamego”可知，随着时间的变化，绿色在交通信号灯中所扮演的角色也发生了巨大的变化。故选 D。7What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe significance of road traffic signs.BThe history of railroad transportation.CThe symbolic meaning of different colors.DThe origin and development of traffic lights.D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了交通信号灯的起源与发展，

20、并解释了这三种颜色(红、黄、绿 )的物理性质及为什么会被用作交通信号灯。故 D 项最为全面地概括了文章的主要内容。C(2018广西桂林、北海、崇左联合调研)The summer I was ten, my mother decided to bring us to the world of art.My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what our mother meant.What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting cl

21、asses but that we would have to spend one afternoon a week with her at the Fine Arts Museum.Before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles.It was almost as bad as being in school.Who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your fri

22、ends at the swimming pool?First we had to read about ancient Egyptians and their strange ways of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum.My 12yearold brother thought this was so funny, but I was not interested.Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Ages who painted people

23、 wearing strange long clothing.We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly(卷曲的) hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings.I certainly couldnt see what was so great about art.On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman

24、called Mary.In it, a woman was reading to a child.The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mothers expression how happy she was just to be with the child.I couldnt stop looking at this painting! I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made! It was really worth looking at so ma

25、ny paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.【解题导语】 本文讲述的是作者小时候被妈妈带到艺术博物馆去了解艺术的经历。虽然是被迫去参观的，但是最后作者却对艺术产生了兴趣。8The aim of the mothers plan was to _Atake them to visit the museumBintroduce them to the world of artCask them to read about artistsDshow them different painting stylesB 解析：细节

26、理解题。根据第一段的第一句“The summer I was ten, my mother decided to bring us to the world of art.”可知作者的妈妈的计划旨在向他们引荐艺术。故选 B。9What was the writers experience in the museum before the last visit?AShe came to feel her mothers love.BShe liked many paintings.CShe hardly enjoyed herself.DShe could understand the pict

27、ures of fat babies.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句 “Who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your friends at the swimming pool？”和第二段的最后一句“I certainly couldnt see what was so great about art.”可知，作者并不想去博物馆。故选C。10What made the writer go through a change that summer?AOne of Mary

28、s paintings.BA strange way of painting.CArtists in the Middle Ages.DHer mothers instruction.A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的 “I couldnt stop looking at this painting! I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made! It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much

29、.”可知，Mary 的一幅画改变了作者对艺术的看法。因此选 A。11From the text, we can see_Athe importance of curiosityBthe effect of artCthe value of learningDthe power of family educationB 解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者因为一幅画改变了对艺术的看法，由此可见艺术的影响力很大。因此选 B。D(2018哈师大附中高三期末)Many animals recognize their food because they see it.So do humans.Whe

30、n you see an apple or a piece of chocolate, you know that these are things you can eat.You can also use other senses when you choose your food.You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good.You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice.Differ

31、ent animals use different senses to find and choose their food.A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type.The giant panda eats only one particular ty

32、pe of bamboo.Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice.A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden.However, most animals have a more varied diet.The bear eats fruits and fish.The fox eats smal

33、l animals, birds and fruits.The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.Humans have a very varied diet.We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us.In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar.This makes them overweig

34、ht, which is bad for their health .Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for health.Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.【解题导语】 本文介绍了动物和人利用感官识别食物以及对食物的选择。12We can infer from the text that humans and animals_ Adepend on

35、 one sense in choosing foodBare not satisfied with their foodCchoose food in similar waysDeat entirely different foodC 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “Many animals recognize their food because they see it.So do humans.”可知， 动物和人选择食物的方式是相似的。故选 C 项。13Which of the following eats only one type of food?AThe white butte

36、rfly.BThe small bird.CThe bear.DThe fox.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden.”可知， 很多动物只吃一种类型的食物， 如白蝴蝶只热衷于卷心菜。故选 A 项。14Certain animals change their choice of food when_Athe season changesBthe

37、 food color changesCthey move to different placesDthey are attracted by different smellsA 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后一句 “The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.”可知， 一些动物会根据季节的变化而改变食物的选择。故选 A 项。15We can learn from the last paragraph that_Afood is chosen for a good reasonBFrench an

38、d British food is goodCsome people have few choices of foodDsome people care little about healthy dietD 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可以看出， 一部分人并不在意自己吃的食物是否健康。故选 D 项。七选五(2018吉林长春普通高中高三质量监测)Two biggest wealth in life: your talent and your time.Talent increases and time decreases.Our life，in a way，is trading time

39、 with talents.Wasting time means our time decreases while our talents do not increase.1._Get to know how you use your usual time and make improvements Take a week and write down what you do every 30 minutes every day and make it into categories.After a weeks recording，youll see which part consumes m

40、ost of the time.2._And you could come up with a revised timetable for your next week.Use fragment(碎片) time and “dead time”By time recording，youll be amazed how much time youve wasted in waiting for the bus，queuing，walking ，etc.You could really put that time to better use，3._Use your fragment time fo

41、r insignificant matters so that you could have more time for things that really matter.4._Therere always things to be done every day，and the thing we could do is to identify whether theyre urgent or important.The things you need to do for the day rest only on the urgent as well as important things.D

42、ont become slaves to urgent but unimportant things.Use the 20%80% principleAt the most efficient time， 20% of time could generate 80% of efficiency and on the contrary，at the least efficient time，80% of time could only generate 20% of efficiency.We should be doing important work at the most efficien

43、t time.That time period differs from person to person，5._Yet generally speaking，its round 10 in the morning and 3 in the afternoon.After being familiar with those tips，the next thing would be to implement and hold on to it.Do the right thing at the right time，and we shall make our time to its fulles

44、t!Abut everyone has a peak effect timeBMake an analysis about the ways you could improve your efficiencyClike memorizing English words or making necessary phone calls Ddepending on your mentality and physical conditionEThat is why we shall save every second and make it countFPick three things you mu

45、st finish todayGFinish as many tasks as possible【解题导语】 时间是人生最大的财富之一，那么该如何充分利用时间呢？本文为我们提供了几个充分利用时间的方法。1E 解析：根据上文的“Wasting time means our time decreases while our talents do not increase.”可知，我们不能浪费时间，应节约每一秒，让它过得有意义。故选 E。2B 解析：根据上下文可知，通过记录一周的时间分配情况，找出大部分时间用于做什么，进行分析后确定如何更有效地利用时间，从而制订出合理的时间表。故选 B。3C 解析：

46、根据上文可知，应将等公交、排队、步行等时间利用起来，C 项给出了两个利用这些时间的例子。故选 C。4F 解析：此处为小标题，各小标题的格式应保持一致，该空应为祈使句；根据本段内容可知，做事要分主次，不能成为紧急却不重要的事情的奴隶。故选 F。5D 解析：根据上文的“That time period differs from person to person”可知，高效时间段因人而异，要看个人的身体和精神状况。故选 D。课时练 2 知识运用板块练完形填空(2018惠州高三第一次调研考试)My mother was a gift giver. The occasion never _1_Chris

47、tmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all.She was always thinking about who might _2_ what. Creativity and _3_ went into the gifts she gave, and she _4_ a thankyou note. Once she sent out notes to her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged gifts, _5_ that they were now on

48、 her “Fecal Roster (黑名单 )” and would not be removed _6_ she had received a proper thank you.Even if you didnt_7_ a thank you, shed give you another gift the next _8_ she had.She figured _9_ manners were your problem, not hers.Every time Mom and Dad _10_ to visit, all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage. There was always something for the kids, _11_ a couple of little toys or a big _12_ of homemade cookies. They werent gifts for particular occasions. They were _13_ “Isnt life great？” gifts.One spring when they came to visit, she hande