2024年北京市高考英语模拟试卷（1）含答案解析

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1、2024年北京市高考英语模拟试卷（1）第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（2023秋北京海淀高三统考期中）On a sunny afternoon, Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicagos 69th Street station. The 20-year-old, who worked nights in a grocery store, was on his way to

2、 see his 1 .On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! As Perry and other horrified passengers watched, he shook uncontrollably as the 2 moved through his body.“Help him!” someone cried. “Please, someone!”Perry couldnt just stand

3、there and 3 . He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down. 4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim, using a high-knee technique from his high school football days.Perry soon reached down and grasped the victims wrist. 5 , he felt a pow

4、erful electric shock shoot through his body. Perry jumped back. He reached down a second time, and was shocked again. But the third time he seized the mans wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guys body away from the 6 .“Give him chest compressions!” yelled an old lady on the platform.Perry wa

5、s no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the mans heart until the victim regained 7 . Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the professionals 8 . Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfathers.The even

6、ing news reported the incident, 9 an unnamed hero with saving the victims life. To many, Perrys 10 deeds demonstrated the power of choosing compassion over personal safety.1AmanagerBclientCgrandfatherDaunt2AcurrentBoxygenCwaveDblood3AimagineBwatchCshoutDrecord4AHopingBAssumingCComplainingDRecalling5

7、AInstantlyBSlightlyCNormallyDSurprisingly6AtrainBcrowdsCplatformDrails7AstrengthBbalanceCconsciousnessDcontrol8Alook aheadBtake overCget aroundDkeep away9AprovidingBengagingCassistingDcrediting10AgenerousBgratefulCcourageousDfaithful【答案】1C 2A 3B 4B 5A 6D 7C 8B 9D 10C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anthony Perry

8、在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。1考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A. manager经理；B. client客户；C. grandfather祖父；D. aunt姑妈，伯母。根据后文“Heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfathers.(电击后心脏还在加速跳动，他爬上平台，抓起东西，

9、继续向祖父的房间走去。)”可知，佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。2考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。A. current气流；电流；B. oxygen氧气；C. wave海浪；大海；D. blood血。根据上句“On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! (在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体

10、。故选A。3考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A. imagine想象；B. watch看；C. shout呼喊；D. record记录。根据后句“He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。4考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A. Hoping希望；B. Assuming假设，认为；C. Complaining抱怨；D. Recalling回忆。根据本句“he quickly

11、leaped towards the victim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受害者扑去。故选B。5考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Normally通常，平常；D. Surprisingly 惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受

12、害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。6考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A. train火车；B. crowds人群；C. platform平台；D. rails铁路。根据上文“On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks!( 在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体

13、从铁轨上移开。故选D。7考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A. strength体力；B. balance平衡；C. consciousness意识；D. control控制，掌管。根据本句“he worked on the mans heart (他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。8考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A. look ahead向前看；B. take over接管；C. get around规避，逃避；D. keep away远离，避开。根据上句“Then, first-aid

14、ers arrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”可知，急救人员赶到后，佩里他们接手。故选B。9考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A. providing提供；B. engaging参加；C. assisting帮助；D. crediting赞扬。根据本句“an unnamed hero with saving the victims life(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。10考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。A. generous慷慨的；B.

15、 grateful感谢的，感激的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据上文“But the third time he seized the mans wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guys body away from the 6.(但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A（2023秋北京高三校联考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的

16、空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Swedish students generally welcome AI tools in education, but 62% consider using chatbots in exams as cheating. However, the boundaries of cheating with AI remain uncertain. This result 11 (show)in a survey from Chalmers University of Technology. The study, the

17、 first of its kind 12 (investigate)students attitudes towards AI in education has gathered crucial information and presented the results in an overview report. The researchers hope the surveys findings will empower students 13 help them get a better understanding of AIs role in learning.【答案】11is sho

18、wn 12to investigate 13and【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能在学习中发挥的作用。11考查时态语态。句意：查尔姆斯理工大学的一项调查显示了这一结果。根据句意可知谓语动词show和主语this result之间是被动关系，结合语境可知时态为一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语this result是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填is shown。12考查动词不定式。句意：这项研究首次调查了学生对教育中人工智能的态度，收集了重要信息，并在一份概述报告中展示了结果。分析句子可知，空处使用不定式作后置定语修饰the first of its kind。故填to

19、 investigate。13考查连词。句意：研究人员希望这项调查的结果能赋予学生权力，帮助他们更好地理解人工智能在学习中的作用。根据句意可知前后句子之间是并列关系，使用and连接。故填and。B（2023北京首都师范大学附属中学校考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nowadays, people are choosing to live in a minimalist lifestyle. Minimalism, 14 (bear) out of early 20th-century mod

20、ernism, was a trend 15 over-decorated and over-furnished. One of the main reasons people choose to become minimalists is that they want to achieve more meaning in their life. Through practicing minimalism, people reduce their possessions to ones that make them 16 (true) happy. Besides, digital minim

21、alism is particularly appealing to millennials who have grown tired of social media and being addicted to their technology.【答案】14born 15against 16truly【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极简主义的生活方式。14考查非谓语动词。句意：极简主义诞生于20世纪早期的现代主义，是一种反对过度装饰和过度布置的趋势。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语was，空处要使用非谓语，主语Minimalism和bear（诞生）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用其过去分词表示被

22、动。故填born。15考查介词。句意：极简主义诞生于20世纪早期的现代主义，是一种反对过度装饰和过度布置的趋势。分析句子并根据语境可知，极简主义是选择非常简单的生活方式，因此与过度装饰和过度布置的理念大相径庭，因此需使用表示相反意味的介词against“反对；违背”。故填against。16考查副词。句意：通过实践极简主义，人们减少了他们的财产，只留下那些让他们真正快乐的东西。分析句子可知，空处需使用副词truly（真正地）作状语修饰happy。故填truly。C（2023秋北京高三校联考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确

23、形式填空。Rachel had always been fascinated with the mysteries of the sea. She dreamed of exploring the 17 (deep)of it and discovering unknown creatures. Her obsession intensified when she discovered an old map in her grandfathers attic(顶楼), which showed a place marked “hidden treasure”. Ignoring 18 her

24、mother had warned, she started a small-boat adventure. After hours of searching with no luck, a friendly giant octopus appeared, guiding her to a secret cave 19 she found treasures beyond her wildest dreams. From this experience, Rachel 20 (know)that the bravest seekers often find the greatest treas

25、ures.【答案】17depths/depth 18what 19where 20knew/has known【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Rachel对海洋奥秘的探索。17考查名词。句意：她梦想着探索海洋的深处最深的地方，发现未知的生物。冠词修饰名词，depth“深处”，根据句意，既可以用作可数名词单数也可以用作可数名词复数，故填depths/depth。18考查宾语从句。句意：她不顾母亲的警告，开始了一场小船冒险。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，使用what引导。故填what。19考查定语从句。句意：一只友好的巨型章鱼出现了，引导她到一个秘密的洞穴，在那里她发现了她最疯狂的梦想之

26、外的宝藏。空处引导定语从句，先行词cave在从句中充当地点状语，使用where引导。故填where。20考查动词时态。句意：从这次经历中，瑞秋知道最勇敢的探索者往往能找到最大的宝藏。根据句意可知此处时态一般过去时，动词使用过去式，也可以描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。故填knew/has known。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A （2023秋北京高三校联考开学考试）Stargazing Festivals in 2023As more a

27、reas grow brighter with light pollution, national parks across the country have become dark-sky havens. Over the years, they are making a push to get certified as havens for sky-watching by the International Dark Sky Association, and they even host events like stargazing festivals to get travelers e

28、xcited about astronomy.Bryce Canyon National ParkJune 14-17Situated in southern Utah, Bryce Canyon earned its dark-sky title in 2019. The 35,835-acre park is an ideal place to stay up late. This year, its annual astronomy festival includes guided stargazing sessions, lectures and “star stories” pres

29、entations, family-friendly activities, and even a performance by strings musicians in the northern Arizona-based Dark Sky Quartet.Shenandoah National ParkAugust 11-13Conveniently located within a days drive from two-thirds of Americans, Shenandoah National Parks night sky festival is a low-lift way

30、to dabble in astronomy. The nearly 200,000-acre park will host ranger talks, public stargazing sessions, lectures, presentations, and activities for kids. Staffers are still working on this years full schedule, but past events have covered topics ranging from space weather to nocturnal(夜间的) creature

31、s.Great Basin National ParkSeptember 14-16Great Basin is one of the least crowded national parks, making it the perfect place to quietly appreciate the mysteries of the cosmos. Its annual astronomy festival is scheduled for this fall and includes guest speakers, constellation talks, observatory tour

32、s, and a photography workshop. During the festivals unique “Art in the Dark” program, participants will get to paint in low-light conditions and experiment with how their eyes perceive color.Joshua Tree National ParkOctober 13-14Joshua Tree National Park, as the International Dark Sky Association no

33、tes, is the “nearest convenient place to go stargazing under a relatively dark sky” for the 18 million people who live in the Los Angeles area. It became an official dark sky park in 2017, and each year, it hosts a night sky festival in the fall. As luck would have it, this years dates overlap with

34、an annular “ring of fire” solar eclipse. From Joshua Tree, the moon will appear to obscure between 70 and 80 percent of the sun.21What is the purpose of Stargazing Festivals?ATo raise public interest in astronomy.BTo call for action against light pollution.CTo provide a platform to observe stars.DTo

35、 collect money for more observatories.22Where should you go if you want to experience working in low-light conditions?ABryce Canyon National Park.BShenandoah National Park.CGreat Basin National Park.DJoshua Tree National Park.23What might be a bonus to visitors to Joshua Tree National Park during th

36、e festivals?AAn observatory tour.BA photography workshop.CA stargazing tour.DA solar eclipse.【答案】21A 22C 23D【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者列举了2023年四个国家公园的星空观测节活动。21细节理解题。根据第一段的“they even host events like stargazing festivals to get travelers excited about astronomy (他们甚至举办观星节等活动，让旅行者对天文学感到兴奋)”可知观星节的目的是提高公众对天文学的兴趣，故选

37、A。22细节理解题。根据Great Basin National ParkSeptember 14-16部分的“During the festivals unique “Art in the Dark” program, participants will get to paint in low-light conditions and experiment with how their eyes perceive color (在艺术节独特的“黑暗中的艺术”项目中，参与者将在弱光条件下绘画，并实验他们的眼睛如何感知颜色)”可知如果你想体验在弱光条件下的工作，你应该去大盆地国家公园，故选C。2

38、3推理判断题。根据Joshua Tree National ParkOctober 13-14部分的“As luck would have it, this years dates overlap with an annular “ring of fire” solar eclipse (幸运的是，今年的日期与环形“火环”日食重叠)可知在节日期间，日食可能是约书亚树国家公园游客的额外奖励，故选D。BEver wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space? Well, that is where my job

39、 as an instrument operations engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on missions at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to atte

40、nd, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university

41、for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity. When people think of the space i

42、ndustry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.The highlight of my career has been witnessing the end of the

43、 Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of their own. I was given the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking images of the planet. And when the Cassini spac

44、ecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic co

45、ntributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I read the Harry Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must alwa

46、ys make a choice to start their adventure. If you dont pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.24Why did the author apply to MIT?AThe majors in MIT interested her.BHer mother urged her to go to MIT.CShe set this goal as a

47、 high-schooler.DA summer program made her love MIT.25What does the author think about her occupation?AIts easy to predict what she does.BIts hard for a girl to have such a career.CShe is annoyed by being misunderstood.DShe is proud to work for human well-being.26What does the author value most in the Cassini mission?AIts historic contributions.BThe team it brought together.CBreathtaking images of the planet.DThe opportunity to operate the cameras.27What can we learn from the story?APractice makes perfect.BNo way is impossible to courage.CWell begun i