江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

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1、2023-2024学年第二学期期末试卷八年级（下）英语考试时间：100分钟满分：100分（将答案按序号填在答题卡上）选择题（共50分）一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)略二单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)请认真阅读下列各题, 从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1Volunteering helps you see that you are neededI agreeIt also gives you a sense of _ in life.ApityBpainCpracticeDpurpose2Will you c

2、ome to my birthday party this Saturday, Helen? Sorry, Im afraid I cant_, thanks for your invitationAOtherwiseBAnywayCMoreoverDHowever3Some people say the Internet brings us _ while others think it brings more loneliness.AcloseBcloselyCcloserDmore closely4Im going to France next monthCould you give m

3、e some advice? Do as the Romans doYoull know how to _ yourself by following local people.AbehaveBdevelopCtreatDsupport5MrGreen, sorry to _ on you, but there are one or two things I dont understand.Acut inBcut offCcut outDcut down6Paris 2024 Olympic Games _ between July 26 and August 11.AholdBare hel

4、dCwill holdDwill be held7Linda, your new hat looks really nice on youHow long _ it? Oh, thanksI just bought it last week.Ahave you boughtBhave you hadCdid you buyDdid you have8Look at the text messageJulia wants Kira to _.KiraIve been waiting for you at the school dining hall for 20 minuteswhere are

5、 you? Theyll stop offering food soon and l want to make sure we have lunch!JuliaAwait for her at the school dining hallBcome to the dining hall in 20 minutesChurry to the dining hall to have lunchDtake her lunch to the dining hall quickly9Meg, I hear you will move house next weekI will come to helpJ

6、ust be there on moving day_.APractice makes perfectBEvery dog has its dayCActions speak louder than wordsDThe early bird catches the worm10Would you mind showing me how to use the computer to find a book in the library? _Just enter key words and click on the “Search” icon.ANot at allBNever mindCDont

7、 worryDNo thanks三、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Liam Garner has wanted to go on a crazy adventure (探险) for yearsThe boy had some_with long-distance bikingHe once rode 750 kilometres from Los Angeles to San FranciscoHe thought he could easily bike from

8、 Prudhoe Bay to UshuaiaSo, as soon as he completed his studies from high school, Garner began_his adventureOn August 1, 2021, Garner, then 17, began his journeyHe didnt bike together with others, and he made his own route (路线) as he biked _Garner would ride through Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Argentina

9、and ten other countriesHe was_ surprised by El SalvadorThe boy called it as “one of the most peaceful countries in the world”_the trip was full of unforgettable highs, Garner also experienced some terrible lowsHe was robbed (抢劫) at least five different timesHe met hot weather when he was in Mexico“I

10、t was over 40 every day,” he says“I was only able to bike for a few minutes before having to stop and _.” Yet the boy faced an even more serious difficulty while he was riding through ColombiaHe fell off his bike, hit his head and had to spend a month in the_.Garner first began biking because he did

11、nt have a carBut now, he believes it is the best way to travel“Since you go_, you have the chances to smell things and to touch things,” he says“Youll develop a special_for the little towns along the way.”Garner arrived in Ushuaia on 10 January_the course of 527 days, he biked 32,000 kilometresThe m

12、an is now on his way back homeWhen he gets home, he hopes to write a book about his journeyHe hopes his ride will encourage others to start out on their own adventure.11AexperienceBexerciseCtroubleDbackground12Awaiting forBpaying forClooking forDpreparing for13AbyBawayCalongDthrough14AexactlyBespeci

13、allyCrecentlyDfinally15AWhileBBecauseCIfDWhen16AeatBdrinkCrestDhide17AhotelBtentChospitalDtown18AslowlyBfastCnearDfar19AjoyBloveChobbyDinterest20AFromBAfterCSinceDOver四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题1 分, 满分15分)请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMini-dictionary:1valley /vli/n峡谷2mine/main/n矿井3c

14、abin/kbin/n小木屋4destroy / dstr /v破坏21Bodie started to become a ghost town in _.A1876B1892C1932D194222Why did the last mine in Bodie close?ABecause two fires destroyed the town.BBecause it was turned into a historic park.CBecause they didnt find gold or silver there.DBecause they wanted to protect the

15、 environment.23Which of the following is TRUE?ABodie is a town on the top of Bodie Hills.BWe cant find the map of Bodie on the website.CThere are no buildings left except the miners cabin.DVisitors can learn about gold-mining history in Bodie.BGreg Mortenson is an adventurer who once loved to climb

16、mountainsBorn in 1957, he grew up on the slopes of MtKilimanjaro in Tanzania, AfricaAfter his sister Christa died in 1992, he decided to try climbing Pakistans K2, the second-highest mountain in the world, in her memoryAlthough Mount Qomolangma is higher, K2 is thought to be more difficult and dange

17、rous to climbWhen he tried to climb the mountain in 1993, snow, ice, and bad weather made Mortenson turn backMortenson recovered from frostbite and tiredness in a Pakistan village of KorpheThere he saw a group of children writing in the dirt with sticksHe learned that they had no pens or pencils, no

18、 booksnot even a school or a teacherMortenson planned to build them a schoolBut at that moment he had no idea how he would make itIt took years to raise the money to build the schoolSome American schoolchildren also donated their pocket money to Mortensons projectMortenson even sold his personal thi

19、ngs to raise moneyThe Korphe School was finished in 1996Since then, Mortenson has built more than 75 schools in Pakistan and AfghanistanHis schools educate both boys and girls in an area where schooling for girls is very rareMortensons goal is to use education to bring peace into this often dangerou

20、s areaMini-dictionary:1.slope /slup/n.斜坡2.recover /rkv(r)/ v恢复3.frostbite /frstbat / n.冻伤4.peace /pi:s/ n.和平24What can we learn from the passage?AMortensons sister died when he tried to climb K2.BMortenson broke his leg while he was climbing K2.CMortenson gave up climbing K2 because of bad weather.D

21、K2 is as difficult and dangerous to climb as Mount Qomolangma.25What words can best tell about Mortenson?ABrave and careful.BHonest and friendly.CHard-working and patient.DGenerous and helpful.26How did the village of Korphe change Mortensons life?AIt pushed him to become a school teacher.BIt led hi

22、m to build schools for local children.CIt gave him the confidence to climb K2 again.DIt made him work for girls education in that area.CIn the 1920s, wheat farmers on the Great Plains(大平原) were making a lot of moneyThis made many other people want to be farmers, tooBut no one tried to stop the farme

23、rs from plowing almost all the land and cutting down most of the treesStill, everything was fine until 1931This was the beginning of a terrible droughta long period without rainThe beautiful wheat fields dried up, and the crops diedThen there were no plants to keep the soil in placeAll that was left

24、 was bare, ugly, dry dirtThen the wind started to blowWith no trees to prevent it, the wind gathered up the soil into huge black clouds that travelled for milesThese clouds were called dust storms, and it was impossible for people to get away from themDirt is collected in peoples housesIt fell into

25、their foodIt got into their noses, mouths, and eyesPeople wore masks, but the dust still clogged their lungs, causing many people to get sickThe dust even fell very high in a few placesEverything was buried in the dust, and farm animals died without foodThe serious storms punished everyone and every

26、thingThe Great Plains became known as the Dust BowlThis was the worst natural disaster ever to hit the United StatesBut some people believed the farmers deserved what happened to them because they did not care for the soilThey said the disaster could be prevented if the farmers were wiser and more c

27、arefulMini-dictionary:1plow /pla/v耕2bare /be (r)/adj荒芜的3clog/klg/v堵塞4lung /l/n肺5bury/beri/v掩埋6deserve /diz:v/v应得27Where may this article come from?AA news report.BA tour guide.CAn environmental report.DA biology magazine.28How was a dust storm formed on the Great Plains? aCrops died and there was no

28、 plant to keep the soilbA terrible drought happened and fields dried upcMost of the trees on the plains were cut downdWind blew and gathered up the soil into black cloudsAb-c-a-dBb-a-c-dCc-b-a-dDc-a-b-d29Which of the following isnt the result of the dust storm?AMany people got sick.BThe fields were

29、polluted.CAnimals died without food.DThe Plain became a dust bowl.30Which of the following is an opinion about the dust storm?AThis was the worst natural disaster.BThe dust still clogged their lungs.CHuge black clouds travelled for miles.DDirt collected in peoples houses.DMy name is Joseph Davranche

30、My family was a poor one from HavreMy father worked hard, came home late from the office, and made very little moneyWe had to save money on everythingMy two sisters made their own dressesAnd if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angryEvery Sunday, dressed in our

31、 best, we would take our walk along the breakwaterWhen the big ships were returning from faraway countries, my father would always say the same words, “What a surprise it would be if Jules were on that one! Eh?”My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fearI have heard abou

32、t him since childhoodIt seems that he carelessly spent “a little” moneyThat action, in a poor family, is one of the greatest crimesWell, Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own moneyThen, he shipped off to AmericaSoon after, my uncle wrote

33、that he was making a little moneyHe hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my fatherThis letter stirred up a deep and strong feeling in the familyJules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man, a kind-hearted fellow, a true and honest DavrancheTwo years later a

34、second letter came, saying, “My dear brother, I am writing to tell you not to worry about my health, which is excellentBusiness is goodI may be away for several years in South AmericaIf I shouldnt write, dont worryWhen I became rich, I shall return to HavreI hope that it will not be too long and tha

35、t we shall all live happily together.”This letter became the gospel of my familyIt was read when it was possible, and it was shown to everybodyFor ten years we heard nothing from Uncle Jules, but as time went on, my fathers hope grew, and my mother, also, often said, “Once that good Jules returns, o

36、ur life will be differentThere is one who knew how to get along!”(To be continued)Mini-dictionary1tear /te (r)/ v(tore, torn) 扯破, 撕裂2breakwater /breikw:t (r)/ n防波堤3stir /st:(r)/ up 激起4crime /kraim/ n罪过5worth /w/ v值钱6gospel /spl / n福音书31How does the writer show that “We had to save money on everythin

37、g”?ABy telling stories.BBy giving examples.CBy introducing the main idea.DBy making a list of reasons.32The writers family expected Uncle Jules to come back home because _.Athey were deeply worried about Uncle JulesBthey always got along well with Uncle JulesCthey hoped Uncle Jules could live with t

38、hemDthey hoped Uncle Jules came back with money33Why did the family show the letter to everybody?ATo tell others Jules missed the family.BTo tell others Jules was in South America.CTo tell others Jules was a kind-hearted man.DTo tell others their life would become better.34What does “someone not wor

39、th his salt” mean?ASomeone who is lazy.BSomeone who is poor.CSomeone who is homeless.DSomeone who is useless.35What can we know about Uncle Jules according to the passage?AUncle Jules left for America to do business.BUncle Jules used to be the fear of the family.CUncle Jules sent the family quite a

40、lot of money.DUncle Jules had been away from home for 10 years.非选择题(共50分)五、语言基础知识(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)A) 请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词, 使句子意思完整正确, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为5155的相应横线上。36Dad, why not put the piano_ (紧靠) the wall in the living room?37Its important for us to take action to_ (避免) the risk of fire.38My father often

41、 tells me that life is not_ (有意义的) without study and work.39Its necessary to prevent the_ (扩散) of personal information on the Internet.40My secret of success is to work hard and plan my time_ (智慧地).B) 请根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为5660的相应横线上。41When people are queuing for a meal, its_ (polit

42、e) to try to push in.42Lisa loved dancing as a child and received_ (train) at the age of six.43Theres a big_ (different) between knowing something is true and telling why it is true.44I must leave because my parents wont allow me_ (stay) out late at night.45Everyone has to obey the school rules, or

43、you will_ (punish).C) 请根据要求完成下列各题, 每空一词, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为6165的相应横线上。46We can save water by taking shorter showers(对划线部分提问)_we save water?47Annie doesnt have money to go on vacation this summer(改为同义句) Annie cant _ go on vacation this summer.48Jason isnt brave enough to join the discussion(改为同义句)Jason is

44、 _ shy _join the discussion.49Sue greets me with a smileShe is friendly(合并为一句)Its friendly _Sue _ greet me with a smile.50The film Be My Friend started ten minutes ago(改为同义句)The film Be My Friend has _for ten minutes.请根据短文内容，从下面方框中所给的六个选项里选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并将句子序号填写在答题卡标号为15的相应横线上。OpenAI has o

45、nce again surprised the world with its latest AI tool, Sora 51 Just give it some text instructions, like “a Chinese New Year celebration”, and youll get a video that matches the descriptionMany people worry that the tool will put many filmmakers out of business 52 Many people are afraid that industries (产业) such as translation, teaching and design will all disappear (消失)It seems we can use AI to do anythingDoes that mean we no longer need to work hard to learn knowledge and skills ourselves? Well, the answer is “No!” Even