人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Unit 7语法知识点讲义

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1、人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Unit 7语法知识点讲义Unit 7 Happy birthday!句型：1.-When is your birthday?你的生日是什么时候？-Its on 2nd August.在8月2日。2.-How old are you?你多大了？-1 m12.我12岁了。3. -What do you want to do on her birthday?她生日那天你想做什么？I want to sing a song for her.我想为她唱首歌。4.-How much are those oranges?那些橘子多少钱？-Six yuan a kilo.六元

2、一千克。5. -How many kilos do you want?你想要多少千克？-I want five kilos.我想要五千克。6.买东西Woman: Can I help you?Peter: Yes, please. How much is this birthday cake?Woman: We have a sale today. Its 85 yuan, and it comes with some candles.Peter: Good, well take it. How much are those oranges?Woman: Six yuan a kilo. Ho

3、w many kilos do you want?Peter: Five kilos, please. Teng Fei, how about some yogurt?Teng Fei: Yes, how much is the yogurt?Woman: Five yuan a bottle.Teng Fei: 10 bottles, please. Whats the total?Woman: 165 yuan.Teng Fei:Heres the money.Woman: Thank you! Have a nice day!Teng Fei & Peter: Thanks. You t

4、oo.Reading plus翻译My dear son,Its so wonderful to watch you grow up. Ilike to see your smile every day! Thank you for bringing joy to the family. Sometimes you do drive me up the wall with your loud music. But I wouldnt change a thing about you.Ilove you so much. Happy birthday!Love youDad亲爱的儿子:看着你长大

5、真是太好了。我喜欢每天都能看到你的笑容!谢谢你给这个家庭带来欢乐。有时候你的音乐太吵了，把我逼疯了。但我不会改变你的任何一点。我太爱你了。生日快乐!爱你,爸爸Dear Denny,You laugh all the time,and you have no worries-youre everything I want in a friend.Dont ever change!Stay as amazing as you are,my dear friend. Always remember that if you fall, I will pick you up.Happy birthday

6、 and happy every day!Your best friend forever,Tina亲爱的彭妮,你总是笑，没有烦恼你正是我想要的朋友。永远不要改变!保持你的令人惊奇的地方，我亲爱的朋友。永远记住，如果你跌倒了，我会把你扶起来。祝你生日快乐，天天开心!你永远的好朋友，蒂娜To my wonderful mum,I wish you a happy birthday! Thank you so much for taking care of me and loving me every day. You are such a beautiful and kind woman. I

7、want to be just like you when I grow up.Your loving daughter,Amy献给我了不起的妈妈，祝您生日快乐!谢谢您每天对我的照顾和爱护。你是一个美丽善良的女人。我长大后要像你一样。你可爱的女儿，艾米单元范文背诵My birthday is on May 1. I will have a birthday party with my friends. My mother will make a birthday cake for my birthday. I think its a good idea to invite my best fr

8、iends Xiao Ming and Li Hua. We will plant a tree to celebrate my birthday after the party. I think it will be a meaningful day for me.语法一般现在时态一、表示经常发生的习惯性的动作，表示客观真理。二、在时间及条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时态表示将来。三、标志：often, usually, always, sometimes, in the morning, every day, at night, on Sundays 等四、结构讲解：句子结构练习：一）谓语

9、是be的句子结构1. 肯定句：主语 + be + 其它。如：1) My name is Gina. 2) She is my sister.3) My mother is a worker.4) This is a book. 5) Her telephone number is 1234567. 2.否定句：主语 + be + not + 其它。如：1) My name isnt Gina. 2) She isnt my sister.3) My mother isnt a worker.4) This isnt a book. 5) Her telephone number isnt 12

10、34567. 3.一般疑问句：be + 主语 + 其它？如：1) Is your name Gina?2) Is she my sister?3) Is your mother a worker?4) Are these books? 5) Is her telephone number 1234567?4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 + 其它。如：就以下句子中的划线部分提问：1) My name is Gina.What is your name？2) She is my sister.Who is your sister？3) My mother is a worker.Wha

11、t is your mother？4) These are books. What are these？5) Her telephone number is 1234567.What is her telephone number？二）谓语是实义动词的句子结构1. 肯定句：主语 + 实义动词 + 其它。当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语用动词的第三人称单数；当主语是复数或第一二人称时，谓语用原形。如：1) I have a book.2) She has a book.3) I have 5 children. 4) She likes the red coat. 5) Tom likes sa

12、lad and broccoli.2.否定句：主语 + dont/ doesnt + 动词原形 + 其它。当主语是第三人称单数时，用doesnt; 当主语是复数或第一二人称时，用dont。如：1) I dont have a book.2) She doesnt have a book.3) I dont have 5 children. 4) She doesnt like the red coat. 5) Tom doesnt like salad and broccoli.3.一般疑问句：Do/ Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它？如：1) Do you have a book？

13、2) Does she have a book？3) Do you have 5 children？ 4) Does she like the red coat？ 5) Does Tom like salad and broccoli？4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 + 其它？如：就以下句子中的划线部分提问：1) I have a book.What do you have?2) She has a book.What does she have?3) I have 5 children.What do you have?4) She likes the red coat.What

14、 does she like? 5) Tom likes salad and broccoli.What does Tom like?三、句子中有情态动词(can, must, may, should, need.)(情态动词+动词原形)1. 肯定句：主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 + 其它。如：1) She can swim.2) You must eat this cake.3) You may go there early.2.否定句：主语 + 情态动词+ not+ 动词原形 + 其它。1) She cant swim.2) You mustnt eat this cake.3.一般疑

15、问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它？如：1) Can you swim? Yes, I can./ No, I cant.2) Can she eat this cake? Yes, she can./ No, she cant.4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 + 其它？如：就以下句子中的划线部分提问：1) She cant swim.What can she do?2) You mustnt eat this cake.What mustnt you eat?2句子的种类英语句子按照用途可分为以下四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一、陈述句包括肯定结构和否定结构

16、。如：They like to go shopping.他们喜欢去购物。They dont like to go shopping.他们不喜欢去购物。二、疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、附加疑问句等。1、一般疑问句一般疑问句是在句子中用提问的方式提供一些信息，要求对方用yes或no回答的疑问句。如：1）- Is this your pencil？- Yes, it is.2）- Do you like salad?- Yes, I do.2、特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开始的以寻求信息为目的的疑问句。常见的特殊疑问句包括what (什么)who（谁），where（在哪里）w

17、hen，（何时），why，（为什么） how，（如何）等。如：1、- Whats your name?- My names Allen.2、- Who are they?- They are my grandparents.3、- Where are my books?- They are on the chair.4、- When is your birthday?- Its on May 1.5、- Why do you like English？- Because its interesting.6、- How old are you?- Im thirteen.7、- How much

18、 are they?- They are seven dollars.三、祈使句祈使句的结构与陈述句一样，但是主语you常常省略，谓语动词用原形。祈使句的否定结构用dont加动词原形，句末用句号或感叹号。如：Lets go shopping.Dont go shopping.人称代词和物主代词I， me， my， mineyou， you， your， yourshe， him， his， hisshe， her， her， hers1、I, you, he, she是代词主格，翻译成“谁谁”，做主语。如：1）She is my mother.她是我妈妈。2）Are you in the li

19、brary?你在图书馆吗？3）He is my father.他是我爸爸。4）I am fine.我很好。2、me, you, him, her是代词宾格，翻译成“谁谁”，放在动词或介词后。如：1）ask me for a book 向我要一本书2）Thank you. 感谢你。3）call her 给她打电话4）e-mail him 给他发电子邮件3、my, your, his, her是形容词性的物主代词，翻译成“的”后加名词。如：1）my mother 我的妈妈2）her father 她的爸爸3）his box 他的箱子4）your teacher 你的老师4、mine, yours,

20、 his, hers是名词性物主代词，翻译成“的”后不加名词，单独做主语或宾语。如：1）This isnt my pen. Mine is blue.这不是我的钢笔。我的是蓝色的。2）- Are those her keys?那些是她的钥匙吗？- Yes, they are. They are hers.是的，它们是。它们是她的。3）- Is that your pencil?那是你的铅笔吗？- No, it isnt. Its his.不，它不是。它是他的。4序数词1、序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与the连用。如：the first class 第一节课2、构成方法 示例1）一般情况下基数

21、词后加-th构成相应的序数词。如：four-fourththirteen-thirteenth2）整十数序数词的构成是将基数词词尾的y变为ie，再加-th 。如：twenty-twentiethforty-fortieth3）大于20的两位及两位以上的基数词变序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。如：twenty-firstone hundred and fifty-third4）特殊情况特殊记first, （1st）second, （2nd）third, （3rd）fourth, （4th）fifth, （5th）ninth, （9th）eleventh, （11th）twelfth, （12th

22、）thirteenth, （13th）fifteenth, （15th）twentieth, （20th）twenty- first （21st）twenty-second, （22nd）twenty-ninth, （29th）thirtieth, （30th）fortieth, （40th）forty-ninth, （49th）fiftieth, （50th）hundredth, （100th）one hundred and first （101st）2.缩写序数词的缩写形式为阿拉伯数字序数词的最后两个字母。first-1st second-2nd third-3rd fifth-5th f

23、orty-fifth-45th3.用法(1)表示事物的顺序，其前一般加定冠词the，但当序数词前面有物主代词等修饰时，不再加定冠词。 April is the fourth month of a year.四月是一年中的第四个月。 My mother is my first teacher.我的妈妈是我的第一位老师。(2)表示编号，序数词在前，名词在后，序数词前要加the。 the fifth lesson 第五课表示编号时既可以用序数词，也可以用基数词。用基数词表示编号时，则要把基数词放在名词之后，且名词和基数词的首字母都要大写，不能加冠词。 the fifth lesson=Lesson

24、Five第五课Room 321 (读作:room three two one)321号房间(3)序数词前可以加上不定冠词a/an，用来表示“又一:再一”。 I can have a third try.我可以再试一次。（4）放在月份后面表示具体的日期。如：January 1st 一月一日5特殊疑问句1.概述以特殊疑问词开头的以寻求信息为目的的疑问句为特殊疑问句，读时一般用降调。2.结构及答语特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问词十一般疑问句?”构成，不用yes或no 作答，而应根据具体情况作答。特殊疑问句 回答一Whatis your favourite subject?-My favourite subj

25、ect is English.特殊疑问词 一般疑问句 直接回答所问信息,不用yes或no特殊疑问词在句中作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词放在主语之后。 Who has a cap?谁有一顶帽子?3.常见特殊疑问词(组)的含义和用法特殊疑问词(组) 含义及用法what “什么”，提问事物who “谁”，提问人的身份when “什么时候”，提问时间where “在哪里”，提问地点how 怎样，如何”，提问身体状况或动作的方式、程度how many 多少”，询问可数名词的数量how much 多少(钱)”，提问不可数名词的量或者价格how old (年龄)多大”，提问年龄why 为什么”，提问原因-Whats your name?你叫什么名字? -Bob.鲍勃。-Who is from Canada?谁来自加拿大? -Lily.莉莉。When is her birthdav?她的生日是什么时候?-How do you go to school?你怎么去上学?-By bus.乘公共汽车。 How many students are there in your school?你学校里有多少学生? How much is the ticket to Beijing?去北京的车票多少钱?第 12 页 共 12 页