Unit8《Natural+disasters》培优卷（含答案解析）2024-2025学年译林版八年级英语上册

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1、2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元测试卷Unit 8 Natural disasters（培优卷）注意事项：1本试卷共8页。全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。2请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。选择题（共40分）一、单项填空

2、（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1I have got a new Huawei P50, but I dont know how to use itIt doesnt matter Just follow the _AinstructionBdirectionCadvertisementDinformation2What is going on with the traffic accident there?Police find out _ how the accident happened

3、AnearlyBmostlyCexactlyDreally3Dad, why do those people sleep in the tents at night?Because their houses _ in the terrible rainstormAcame downBbroke downCcalmed downDturned down4What a nice day! We should go for a picnic _ watching TV at homeAinstead ofBbecause ofCout ofDtogether with5Jenny was hidin

4、g behind the tree _ a snowball hit her badlyAwhileBwhenCsinceDas6Every summer, students in China usually have two months _ This is the best time to enjoy a family tripAoffBawayCoutDup7I _ a newspaper when my cousin came to see me yesterday eveningAam readingBwill readCwas readingDread8You should be

5、more _ about the writing competition after such careful preparationAseriousBworriedCnervousDconfident9I dont think cycling is as exciting as climbingThats because you cant ride well _ , both of them are interestingAAbove allBIn factCAs a resultDAt last10The task is very difficult _, few people can h

6、elp us with it So we must do our bestASinceBMoreoverCOtherwiseDInstead11Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom_ANo, I wontBOK, I willCYes, I doDNo, I dont12_ have you stayed in this hotel?Not long, just _ this WednesdayAHow soon; since BHow long; sinceCHow soon; fromDHow long;

7、from13I became a teacher 15 years _ I have been a teacher _ 2007That means you have taught here _ about 15 yearsAago; since; forBbefore; for; sinceCago; in; forDago; since; after14 Would you mind _ here?_ The seat has been taken by an old personAmy sitting; Youd better notBme sitting; Of courseCI si

8、tting; Certainly notDme sitting; No, you wouldnt15 Do you know how to _ a crying baby? Sorry, I dont know I think its too hardAfall downBcome downCbreak downDcalm down二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。An Indian mum lost parts of her two legs during a t

9、ornado （龙卷风） She saved her childrens lives by protecting them with her own bodyThe 36-year-old Stephanie Decker said in a(n) 16 that she picked up her two children early from school when a big storm was coming near They were in the familys underground room when the storm 17 “I have never seen such a

10、 strong wind before,” Decker said “As soon as the glass broke, the whole house started shaking”She had no time but to made a 18 decision to save her children at once, 19 them up in a blanket and throwing herself on top of them“Everything started crashing into my 20 ,” she said My children were screa

11、ming,“Mummy, I cant live without you, please dont let me die” And I said, “Were not going to die, and we are going to make it” 21 , her children were safe from the storm completely unharmedDecker lost one leg above the knee and the other above the ankle“When I looked down at my legs, I 22 what had h

12、appened I was afraid that something more terrible would happen, 23 I took my phone, and made a video to my husband” Decker said “I prayed to survive（幸存）,that I want these kids to have a mum and I did not want them to grow up without me”Her prayers（祈祷）were 24 by a neighbourHe ran for help and found a

13、n officer travelling in a car The officer used tourniquets （止血带） to stop her blood loss“It was pretty 25 my wife was able to survive My children are here because of her,”Stephanies husband Joe told the reporter “I let her know that nothing else is important Shes going to be here for our kids, and sh

14、e gets to see them grow up”16AinterviewBguideCplayDspeech17AdroppedBrushedChitDblew18AdifferentBquickChardDspecial19AdressingBgivingCputtingDtying20AfaceBheadCbackDneck21ASuddenlyBRecentlyCHopelesslyDLuckily22ArealizedBbelievedCrememberedDwondered23AandBsoCbutDas24AansweredBallowedCmissedDrefused25A

15、interestingBboringCworryingDamazing三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEarthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth When some plates(版块) of the earth move suddenly, an earthquake happens Many earthquakes begin under the sea They often happen near the mountains (山脉

16、), tooDuring an earthquake, the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack(断裂) open Houses fall, people are killed or hurt, and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed(破坏)Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes? Scientists have studied earthquakes and made maps

17、 that show the “earthquake belts” In areas in these belts, its possible for earthquakes to happen In these areas we should build strong houses to fight against (对抗) earthquakesIn the future, scientists will be able to tell when and where an earthquake will be before they happen They can also tell pe

18、ople what to do and how to do it26The reason for an earthquake is _Athat there are so many plates on the earthBthat the sea is too deepCRocks cracking openDthat the mountains are too high27A lot of earthquakes often happens _Ain the areaBnext to mountainsCat nightDin the morning28A map showing the e

19、arthquake belts will tell people _Awhat kind of houses to buildBwhat kind of houses can stay up in an earthquakeCwhere earthquakes may happenDwhen earthquakes may happenBColourful fruit and vegetables are good for your health Their natural colours help protect your body from disease Think about thes

20、e colours and food: the red of tomatoes, the orange of carrots, the green of kiwi fruit (猕猴桃), and the purple of grapesYou can enjoy eating fruit and vegetables of all colours: green, yellow, orange, red, blue, purple and white Each colour has something unique (独一无二的) and important for good healthTh

21、ey work together to protect your bodyScientists have surprisingly discovered the benefits of colourful fruit and vegetables The list below shows the benefits of some colours in fruit and vegetables Red gives you a healthy heart It can reduce the risk of heart disease Red helps prevent cancer It help

22、s improve your memory too Yellow and orange give you a healthy immune system (免疫系统)They are also good for your eyes They help prevent blindness in the old White can keep cholesterol (胆固醇) at a lower level Green helps prevent cancer It is good for your eyes It also gives you strong bones and teeth Bl

23、ue and purple help protect your memory as you grow old They also help fight cancer and heart diseaseSo when you buy or eat fruit and vegetables, remember: the more colours, the better!29Eating fruit and vegetables of different colours will make you _AhealthyBunhealthyCget weightDlose weight30The und

24、erlined word “benefits” means “_” in the passageA益处B危害C营养D后果31Daniel has poor eyesight What colour fruit and vegetables are good for him?ARed, yellow and orangeBWhite, green and blueCYellow, orange and greenDBlue, red and whiteCYou may hear about earthquakes,but do you know what to do before,during

25、and after an earthquake? Here is some advice for you：Before an earthquakeIts necessary to prepare yourself and your family All family members should know how to turn off gas,water and electricity(电) and know useful telephone numbers（doctor,hospital,police,119,etc） Never put heavy things over bedsDur

26、ing an earthquakeIts important for each of you to stay calm（冷静） If you are indoors,quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects Stay away from windows,large mirrors,heavy furniture and so on If you are

27、cooking,turn off the gasIf you are outdoors,move to an open area like a playground Move away from buildings,bridges and trees If you are driving,stop the car as soon as possible,staying away from bridges and tall buildings Stay in your carAfter an earthquakeOnce the shaking has stopped,DO NOT run ou

28、t of the building at onceIts better to wait and leave when it is safe Check around you and help the people who are in trouble If your building is badly broken you should leave it If you smell or hear a gas,get everyone outside and open windows and doors If you can do it safely,turn off the gas Repor

29、t it to the gas company32Before an earthquake, you shouldnt _Asleep in your bed at nightBremember some useful telephone numbersCknow how to turn off gas, water and electricityDput heavy things over beds33The underlined word “purpose” in Paragraph 3 most probably means _Awhy you do thisBwhen you do t

30、hisChow to protect yourselfDwhere to find a safer place34When the earth stops shaking, you should _Acheck around you firstBrun out of the building at onceCbreak the windows and doorsDwrite a report to your company35You can learn _ after reading the passageAhow an earthquake happensBwhat to do to pre

31、vent an earthquakeCwhat an earthquake is likeDhow to protect yourself in an earthquakeDBeing caught in a flood is quite dangerous Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with little or no warning Floodwater moves quickly and it is known to pull trees out of the ground, wash away buildin

32、gs and cause bridges to come downOf course, drowning(溺死) is a danger during a flood, not only because there is so much water and it is moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying Pieces of glass, bricks and metal caught in the moving water can hurt anyone in the floodwater, making

33、 it more difficult to swim or walk through waterMoreover, floods can cause power cut, traffic jams and wide destruction(毁灭) And the flood itself isnt the only thing to deal with The thing after the flood can be just as difficult, because it may not be possible to send basic supplies such as food and

34、 drinking water to the areaSo how to protect ourselves during the flood? Here are some tips for you:1 Avoid bridges that cross quickly-moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to come down,2 Listen to the governments radio for further instructions If you are told to move to a safer place, do s

35、o3 Stay inside a car trapped by fast-moving water Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself, then move to the top of the car4 Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters It only takes six inches of moving water to knock a person off their feet5 Stay away from , as they are of

36、ten knocked down during strong storms and flooding They can cause water all around to become charged, leading to peoples death because the power isnt cut offAfter the flood, do not drink water or use it to wash dishes, brush teeth Drink clean, safe water If you moved from your home, return to it onl

37、y after the local government have said it is safe to do so36Where does this passage come from?AA guidebookBA movie posterCLocal newspapersDA Biology magazine37Which of the following doesnt make drowning a great danger during a flood?AThere is so much waterBThe water is moving very fastCThe floodwate

38、r carries pieces of glass, bricks and metalDSome of the people are not good at swimming38Which of the following can be put in _?Afallen treesBpower linesChard rocksDbroken houses39What do we know about floods according to the passage?AAfter the flood, it is easy for us to send basic supplies to the

39、areaBSix inches of floodwater isnt strong enough to knock people downCIf you are a good swimmer, you can swim across the floodwater safelyDFloods can cause a lot of problems not only during the flood but also after the flood40This passage is written to _ATell us what causes the floodBTell us how dan

40、gerous the flood isCTell us how to prevent floods from happeningDIntroduce floods danger and tips for protecting ourselves非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为4145的相应位置上。41Tom stayed _ (醒着的) because of the noise from next door42David was reported _ for more than t

41、hree days（失踪）43My family went to the park last Sunday I went rowing _ my brother went running (然而)44The radio says a _ (暴风雨) is on its way We must prepare for it45The rabbits ran in all _ when the wolves came closer (方向)B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为4650的相应位置上。46Many people got _ hurt or eve

42、n died in the earthquake in Turkey (bad)47He _ (tie) a sheep to a tree when I saw him48I saw him _( play) the violin when I walked past the room49Im sorry Im late, Sir My car _ (break) down on my way here50The _ (rule) of the country are the people who really love itC）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容

43、完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为5155的相应位置上。阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的动词，并用其适当形式填空，有的需要加助动词或不定式符号(每词限用一次)。programlook upmanageinstead ofsimpleCHATBOTS What they do and why they matterChatbots are changing the way customers interact(互动) with businessesThink about this, 51 clicking on link on a companys website, you could 52 ty

44、pe a question and get an immediate answer Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots Chatbots are computer 53 that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps(应用软件) or on websitesChatbots can 54 information, answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect

45、information from users They can be used to 55 payments for online shopping, to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments五、阅读填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第5665小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为5665的相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺的信息，每空一词。Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleepHow much sleep do we actually