2019届人教版高考英语一轮复习练习：必修1 Unit1知能演练轻松闯关（含答案解析）

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1、 阅读理解A(2018合肥高三调研性检测)Golden Gate BridgeLocated in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937. It cost more than $ 35 million in the construction. Till the year 1957, the Golden

2、Gate Bridge, at a length of 2，737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.Brooklyn BridgeThe Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn. It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883. The length of the bridge is 1，825 meters. The bridge has been featured in

3、 several Hollywood movies.George Washington BridgeAlso known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years. It is a twolevel suspension bridge.Mackinac BridgeThis is the third biggest

4、suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8，038 meters. The architect of this bridge was Dr. David B. Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954.It was opened to the public in 1957. People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.Navajo Bri

5、dgeLocated in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long. The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390，000. In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995. The first bridge is still us

6、ed by pedestrians now.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。1What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt consists of two bridges.BIt costs the least of the five bridges.CIt is the longest suspension bridge in the world.DIt takes about 4 years to complete the construction.D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “the Golden

7、 Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金门大桥的建造时间约有四年，故 D 项正确。2Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?AGolden Gate Bridge.BBrooklyn Bridge.CGeorge Washington Bridge.DNavajo Bridge.

8、B 解析：细节理解题。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建造时间；根据文中各座大桥的建造时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故 B 项正确。3What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?AHave to pay some money.BUse the second bridge.CCover nearly 250 meters.DSee the statue of Dr. David B. Steinman.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句 “People using this bri

9、dge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故 A 项正确。B(2018惠州高三第一次调研考试)Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendship

10、s help boost health.Thats true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They in

11、terviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health. When

12、the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back the

13、ir feelings were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression. And in these people， such other fact

14、ors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as sm

15、oking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”And, he adds， “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”【解题导语】 研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少

16、年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。4Where can you probably read this passage?AScience fiction.BHealth column.CFashion magazine.DEntertainment newspaper.B 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏” 。故 B 项正确。5We can learn from Allen s study that_Amany other factors have a greater

17、influence on adult health than teen friendshipsBmental health issues have nothing to do with adult health Cthe same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27Dthe teens who couldn t express themselves grew up to be unhealthierD 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Whether teens held back.sick as adults.”可知，青少年

18、是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故 D 项正确。6According to what Allen said, we can know that_Ain order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowdBthough it s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up Cteens will engage in smoking, drinking or u

19、sing drugs when facing peer pressureDparents should understand their teens and stop them going with friendsB 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析 Allen 的话 “Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压

20、力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选 B。7What can be inferred from the passage?AThere is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.BClose friendships are the most important for peoples health.CTeen friendships may help teens become healthier adults. DAdult health is only influenced by teen friendships.C

21、 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句 “But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C 项意为 “青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人” ，符合文章意思。故 C 项正确。完形填空(2018辽宁五校协作体高三联合模拟)Falling off a boxcar and landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years

22、old. Now I am thirtytwo. I can _1_remember the brightness of sunshine.It would be wonderful to see again，_2_a tragedy can do strange things to people.It_3_to me that I might not have come to love life as I do now if I hadnt been blind.My parents and my teacher saw something_4_me, and they made me wa

23、nt to_5_against blindness.The hardest_6_I had to learn was to believe in myself. If I hadnt been able to do that, I would have_7_down for the rest of my life.When I say _8_in myself I am not talking about_9_the kind of selfconfidence that_10_me down an unfamiliar staircase(楼梯) alone. But I mean some

24、thing bigger than that: the assurance that I am a real positive person_11_imperfections.It took me years to obtain this_12_. It had to start with the_13_. Once a man gave me an indoor_14_ “I cant use this， ” I said.“Take it with you， ”he_15_ me， “and roll it around.” The_16_stuck in my head.“Roll it

25、 around！”By rolling the ball I could hear where it went.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought_17_At the school for the blind I_18_a new kind of baseball called the “ground ball”All my life I have set a series of goals and then tried to reach them，one at a time.I had to learn my _1

26、9_. I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made_20_【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了“我”在四岁的时候失去了视力，但通过一件小事， “我”学会了自信，并逐渐取得进步的过程。1A.randomly BabruptlyCroughly DcompletelyC 解析：“我”四岁时失去视力，现在已经三十二岁了。由此可推知，此处表示“我”粗略地记得，故选 C。 roughly“粗略地，大致上” 。2A.so BbutCthus DandB 解析：根据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，故选 B。3A.occurre

27、d BreferredCbrought DturnedA 解析：“我”想到如果“ 我”没有失明， “我”可能不会像现在这样热爱生活。It occurs to sb.that.为固定句型，意为 “某人想到” 。4A.of BforCto DinD 解析：“我”父母以及老师看到了 “我”内在的一些东西，他们让“我”想要与失明作斗争。根据语境可知，此处应选 D。5A.get BfightCfind DdropB 解析：参见上题解析。fight against.“与作斗争” 。6A.method BexperienceClesson DmannerC 解析：“我”学到的最困难的一课 (lesson)就

28、是要相信“我”自己。7A.broken BputCsettled DlayA 解析：如果“我”做不到那样的话， “我”可能已经精神崩溃了。break down“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉” 。8A.courage BambitionCbelief DpowerC 解析：根据上文中的“to believe in myself”可知，此处应选 C 项与上文相照应。9A.firmly BsimplyCfairly DslightlyB 解析：“我”说的信心并不仅仅 (simply)指帮助(helps)“我”走下陌生楼梯的自信。10A.stops BhelpsCfinds DgivesB 解析：参见上

29、题解析。11A.despite BbesidesCwithout DunlikeA 解析：尽管“我”是一个不完美的人，但是 “我”是一个积极的人。despite“尽管” ，符合语境。12A.description BexistenceCaccusation DrecognitionD 解析：“我”花了很多年才认识到这一点。 A 项意为 “描述” ；B 项意为“存在” ；C 项意为 “控告” ；D 项意为“认识” 。13A.intelligence BincidentCtrouble DdeterminationB 解析：这得从一件小事开始。A 项意为“智慧” ，B 项意为“小事” ；C 项意为

30、“麻烦” ；D 项意为“决心” 。14A.chair BbaseballCgame DdesignB 解析：根据下文中的“a new kind of baseball”可知，此处指棒球。15A.urged BblamedCgreeted DteasedA 解析：根据语境可知，此处指他一直在敦促 “我” 。urge “强烈要求，敦促” 。16A.goals BwordsCimages DideasB 解析：他所说的话(words)印在“我”的脑海中，故选 B。17A.valuable BreasonableCimpossible DunbearableC 解析：这给了“我”一个如何实现 “我”认

31、为不可能(impossible)的目标的想法。A 项意为“有价值的” ；B 项意为“合情理的” ；C 项意为 “不可能的” ；D 项意为“无法容忍的” 。18A.discovered BequippedCformed DinventedD 解析：在盲人学校“我” 发明(invented) 了一种新的被称为 “地滚球”的棒球。A项意为“发现” ；B 项意为“ 配备” ；C 项意为“形成” ；D 项意为“发明” 。19A.limitations BadvantagesCpuzzles DpersonalitiesA 解析：“我”不得不了解自己的不足之处。 limitation“(某人或某物的) 局限性，不足之处” 。20A.sense BprogressCmistakes DdecisionsB 解析：“我”有时会失败，但一般说来 “我”取得了进步。make progress“取得进步” 。