译林牛津高中一轮复习《时态的区别》课件

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1、几组常见时态的区别1.一般过去时和过去进行时(重要考查点) 2.一般过去时和现在完成时(重要考查点) 3.现在完成进行时和现在完成时 4.现在完成时和过去完成时(重要考查点) 5.过去完成进行时和过去进行时 6.过去完成进行时和现在完成进行时,一：一般现在时与现在进行时的对比：现在时是现在的状态，特征，真理，客观事实；而进行时表示此时此刻或现阶段一 在做的动作,-You are drinking too much. -Only at home .No one _me but you. Is seeing B. had seen C. Sees D. saw,-Is the raincoat y

2、ours? -No, mine _ there behind the door.A. is hanging B. has hungC. hangs D. hung,3.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. Is changing B. has changed C. Will change D. changes,特别用法: 1主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,时间,条件,让步,方式状语从句须用一般现在时表将来,. - What would you do

3、 if it_ tomorrow ? - We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C.will rain D. is raining, You wont know if the coat fits you until you _ it on.A. will try B.are trying C. tried D. have tried,I wont tell the student the answer to the maths problem until he _ on it for

4、more than an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked,2.表按规定的或时间表安排好将要发生的事，常用现在时而进行时表将来多用于表位移的动词，指计划或打算好的动作,. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _ . A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off,1. Look at the time

5、table. Hurry up! Fight 4026 _off at 18:20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken,3. Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. Am taking B. have taken C. Take D. will have taken,三.一般将来时（will/shall动原）: 1.一般用法: 一般将来时基本用法：表示单纯的将来事实，e.g. We shall have a lot of rain next month. 2.表示将来时的常见

6、用法及区别:be to/be going to/be about to/bev-ing/will/shall 动原 1表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的时候才决定做某事用will,e.g. -You forget to close the door.-Oh, Ill close it at once.,-Ann is in hospital.-Oh,really? I didnt know. Ill go and visit her. 2表示迹象表明要发生某事,则只能用be going to,e.g. Look at the dark clouds.Its going to rain.

7、 3be going to还有以下用法,e.g. 强调主观想法或意图: Im going to wash the car if I have time. （注意:此时不能用 bev-ing, bev-ing表示将来,主要强调已经作出的 安排,e.g. Im picking you up at 6:00,dont forget. ） 强调某个意图是事先考虑好的: -Ann is in hospital.-Yes, I know. Im going to visit her tomorrow.,4be to:命中注定的事,隐含在未来之中的事, I think we are to meet agai

8、n many years later. 父母让子女,上级让下级做的事,表示命令, Youre to do your homework before you watch TV. 表征求意见,用于问句, Are we to hand in the papers at 10:30?5be about to表示动作之快的将来,其后不能接时间状语,它与be on the point of doing sth.相似, Autumn is about to start. They are on the point of starting.,3. -Did you tell Julia about the r

9、esult ? -Oh,no, I forget. I _ her now. will be calling B. will call C. are going to call D. am to call,4.(05重庆28) -What are you going to do this afternoon? -I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film_ quite early,so we _ to the book store after that.A. finished; are going B. finished; goC.

10、 finishes; are going D.finishes; go,5. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It _ fresh for several days. A. will stay B. stays C. is staying D. will be stayed,6.-Look at the black clouds! It _ soon.-Sure. If only we _ out. A. is about to rain; hadnt come B. is to rain; wont start C. will rain; h

11、avent started D. is going to rain; hadnt come,一般过去时和过去进行时 (重要考查点) 一般过去时: 表过去做了某事(动作已完成) 过去进行时: 表说话之前一直进行的动作或 状态或表过去某时未完成的动作. Ex. 1._ I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening._ Impossible. She_ TV with me in my home.A. watched B. had watched C.would watched D.was watching,2

12、._ Did you see a man in black pass by just now ?_ No,sir. I _ a newspaper.A. read B. was reading C. would read D.am reading,3. Shirley _ a book about China last yearbut I dont know whether she _it. A.wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C.was writing ;had finished D. wrote; will finish,4

13、. I _to help you to do homework but I couldt spare my time. I _ a composition last night and Ill finish it today.A.wanted ; wrote B.had wanted; was writingC.have wanted; wrote D.wanted; have been writing,5. Tom _ into the house when no one _ A. slipped; was noticing B.had slipped; noticed C.slipped;

14、 had noticed D. was slipping; noticed,注意：1.过去进行时描述当时正在进行或持续进行， 它的暂时性，持续性和未完成性，后者则侧重于事实 1).- Im sorry I shouldnt have been so rude to you.-You _ your temper but thats OK.A. have lost B. were lost C. did lose D. were losing 2). I dont think Jim saw me. He _ into space. A. Just stared B. was just stari

15、ng C. Has just stared D. had just stared,2.过去进行时多用于提供故事发生的时间背景：1.As she _ (read ) the newspaper, Granny _(fall) asleep. 2. Nancy _ (make) a dress when she _ (cut) her finger.,3.礼貌过去进行时： 过去进行时也可表示现在使语气更委婉、客气, I was wondering if you could give me a lift. We were hoping you would stay with us.能这样用的动词主要

16、限于want, wonder , think, hope, intend等少数动词。）,二.一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时: 只表单纯过去的动作或状态, 和现在不发生联系,可与表过去的时间状语连用. 现在完成时: 表示某一已完成的动作对 现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况.,1. I _ in London for many years , but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B. was living C.have lived D. had lived,2. Danny

17、_ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.A. works B.is working C.has worked D.worked,3The moment the 28th Olympic Games _ open ,the world cheered. A declared B.have been declared C.have declared D.were declared,1“since过去时间”或“since接that从句（从句中用一般过去时）”则句中用现在完成时,e.g. I havent seen her

18、since last week. Where have you been since I last saw you? 2句中有so far/in （for/during）the past （last）years（months ）/up to now/until now等短语则句中谓语用现在完成时,e.g. So far there has been no news. In the past two years Ive seen him three times.Up to now, the work has been very easy.,2.用现在完成时的典型场合:,3“It/This/Tha

19、t is the first （second/third）timethat从句” 或“It/This/That is the 最高级 that从句”从句中谓语用现在完成时,e.g. It/This/That is the first time that I have come to Zhejiang. It/This/That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. （注:以上句型把is改为was,则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态）,Ex. 1. Police are now searching for a woman who is

20、 reported to _since the flood hit the area last Friday. A.have been missing B.have got last C.be missing D.get lost,三.现在完成进行时和现在完成时 现在完成时: 表动作已完成,强调动作的结果. 现在完成进行时: 表动作从过去到现在的延续,强调动作持续进行的状态.,2. The telephone _ four times in the past hour, and each time it was for my roommate.A. has rung B. has been r

21、ingingC. had rung D. rang,3. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. . A Had considered B. has been considering C. Considered D. is going to consider,四. 现在完成时和过去完成时(重要考查点) 现在完成时: 表延续到现在或同现在有关的动作,句中不可有过去特定时间的状语. 过去完成时: 表过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作,1. I got caug

22、ht in the rain and my suit _.A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D.had been ruined,2. They became friends again that day. Until then, they_ to each other for nearly two years. didnt speak B.hadnt spoken C.havent spoken D.havent been speaking,3. With the development of high technology ,mor

23、eand more new substances_ in the past years. A.discovered B.have discovered C.had been discovered D.have been dicovered,4. Why he did not arrive on time was that he _and it was too late to catch the early bus. A.was oversleeping B.has overslept C.overslept D.had overslept,5. Although he _ in that ci

24、ty for 15 years, he ,in 2006, returned to Paris .A. lived B. has lived C.would lived D. had lived,6.With tickets prices rising, TV _ over as the typical way of watching a game for the young and the old. A .has taken B .had taken C. was taken D. is taken,7. I was now attracted by books. By the end of

25、 that summer, I _ over 20 novels. will have read B have read C. had read D .has read,1) I _ ( not see) him since he left. 2) I _ (not see ) him since he left, but I saw him yesterday.,注意：现完：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响过完：动作发生在过去，结束也在过去，对过去有影响,3) He kept looking at her, wondering whether he _ (see) him somewhere.

26、4) The pen I thought I _ (lose ) is on my desk, right under my rose.,3.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时: 1“It/This/That was the first （second/third）timethat从句”或“It/This/That was the onlythat从句”或“It/This/That was the 最高级 that从句”从句中谓语用过去完成时。 2by（ the end of ）过去时间,句中谓语用过去完成时,e.g. We had learnt 3,000 words by the end of l

27、ast term. By 8:00a.m. yesterday, we had arrived the park.3by the time一般过去式,主句中谓语用过去完成时,e.g. By the time he came back, we had repaired the machine.,4No sooner had主语p.p. than 时/Hardly had主语p.p. when 一般过去时/Scarcely had主语p.p. when /before一般过去时/Barely had主语p.p. before一般过去时e.g. No sooner had he gone to th

28、e garden than his son went to play with his classmates. Hardly had he heard the news when he cried,5.want/think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/ suppose等动词的过去完成时不定式的一般式（等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式）,表示过去为曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等e.g. I had meant to come, but something happened.（ I meant to have come, but something happen

29、ed. ） I had intended to speak at the meeting, but time didnt permit. （ I intended to have spoken at the meeting, but time didnt permit. ）,五. 过去完成进行时和过去进行时 过去完成进行时:强调动作在过去某一时刻之前一直在持续. 过 去 进 行 时:强调的是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作.,1.I first met Jimmy five years ago, when we _ for an English newspaper together. A. had

30、worked B. were working C.had been working D. have worked,2.-Was the driving pleasant when you vacationed in Mexico last summer?-No, it _ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.A. was raining B. would be raining C. had been raining D.has rained,六. 过去完成进行时和现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时: 以过去某一时间

31、为前提 现在完成进行时: 以现在为前提,1.They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _ itas no good results have come out so far.A. had been working; are still working B.had worked; were still workingC.have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working.,2. The water in the

32、river is rising, because it _ all day. A. rained B. had rained C.has been raining D.had been raining.,3.-Have you seen Bob recently?-No, but I was told that he _ for a new job all through the summer. A. has been looking B. had been looking C. is looking D. was looking,九.将来进行时（will/shallbe v-ing） 1.基

33、本用法:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,e.g. When I get home at 9:00 tomorrow, my son will be watching TV. 2.表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,e.g. Ill be taking my holidays soon. Well be visiting London next week.,3.用于问句,表客气或委婉的语气.e.g. Will you be having some tea? When will you be paying back my money? 十.将来完成时（will/shallhave p.p.） 1.基本用

34、法:既表示到将来某一时间为止势必会完成的动作或预计要完成的动作,e.g. When we get there, shell have gone to work.2.by（ the end of ）将来时间,句中谓语用将来完成时,e.g. We will have learnt 3,000 words by the end of next term.,By 8:00a.m. tomorrow, we will have arrived the park. 3.by the time一般现在时,主句中谓语用将来完成时,e.g. By the time he comes back, we will have repaired the machine. 4.与用一般现在时态表示将来一样,时间状语从句和条件状语从句须用现在完成时表将来,e.g. Ill go with you when I have finished my work.等我完成工作以后我就同你去。,