人教版高中英语必修5 Unit1 Great scientists单元测试卷（含答案）

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1、试卷第 1 页，总 14 页绝密启用前人教必修 5 Unit 1 单元测试卷 英语单元试卷 考试范围：xxx；考试时间：100 分钟；命题人：xxx题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 总分得分注意事项：1答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第 I 卷（选择题）请点击修改第 I 卷的文字说明评卷人 得分一、阅读理解：共 15 题 每题 2 分 共 30 分Sir John, a British scientist who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine, said he had predicted at the time of his

2、 frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years, and that maybe the same answer is appropriate for the step to human cloning.Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies“ to replace them then.Although any attempt to clone an entire human

3、would raise complex moral issues, the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown, the first “test tube baby“.He sa

4、id, “When my first frog experiment was done, an American reporter asked how long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or humans.I said, Well, it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 years how about 50 years? It turned out that it wasnt far off the mark as far as Dolly was conc

5、erned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate.“ Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical(相同的) twin, and that doctors would therefore simply be copying what nature has already produced.The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children, who are no longer fer

6、tile(能生育的), to create another using the mothers eggs and skin cells from the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 percent in favor.The reason for “no“ is usually that the new child would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something.1Sir John predicted the huma

7、n cloning would be a reality in .A.100 years B.60 years C.50 years D.10 years2According to the text, which statement is NOT true?A.Louise Brown is the first “test tube baby“.试卷第 2 页，总 14 页B.Human cloning is still a controversial topic.C.Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.D.Human

8、cloning is creating something that didnt exist before.3What does the text mainly talk about?A.The life of Sir John. B.Prediction on human cloning.C.Views on human cloning. D.Achievements in human cloning.【答案】1C2D3B【解析】1细节理解题。依据文章第一段可知,John 预测,未来 50 年内克隆技术将会成功应用于人类。故选 C 项。2正误判断题。依据第二段中的“after the bir

9、th of Louise Brown, the first test tube baby“可排除 A 项;文章最后一段说赞成克隆人类的人占 60%,也有反对者 ,说明这个话题仍然存在争议,故排除 B 项;第二段 Sir John 的话表明,他对克隆人类很乐观,故排除 C 项;第二段的最后一句说克隆技术克隆的是已经存在的人,D 项错误。3主旨大意题。文章讲述了曾获得诺贝尔医学奖的英国科学家 John 对克隆人类的前景的预测。故选 B 项。【备注】诺贝尔医学奖得主英国科学家 John 称,那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来 50 年内借助克隆技术,让他们的子女“重生“ 。I grew up in

10、 a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of.In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creat

11、ing worlds we could step into, take part in and live in.With this unshakable belief, I, at fourteen, decided to become a writer.Here too, reading became useful.Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it.He has to find his own voice

12、 by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world.He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other peoples writing can one discover what works, what doesnt and, in the end, to

13、gether with lots of practice, what voice he has.Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文学作品).As a law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matter the volume (量) of what I 试卷第 3 页，总 14 页have to read for classes every week means there is little

14、time to read anything else.Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life.Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own.It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armch

15、air, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.4What can be inferred about the author as a child?A.He never watched TV.B.He read what he had to.C.He found reading unbelievable.D.He considered reading part of his life.5The underli

16、ned word “voice“ in the second paragraph most probably means “ “.A.an idea B.a sound qualityC.a way of writing D.a world to write about6What effect does reading have on the author?A.It helps him to realize his dream.B.It opens up a wider world for him.C.It makes his college life more interesting.D.I

17、t increases his interest in worldwide travel.7Which of the following can be the best title of this text?A.Why do I read? B.How do I read? C.What do I read? D.When do I read?【答案】4D5C6B7A【解析】4推理判断题。文章的第一段讲到,作者家里的电视很少开着,作者童年的大部分时间都花在看书上了,而且作者认为看书像呼吸一样是很自然的事,由此可推测出作者认为读书是生活的一部分。5词义猜测题。由第二段中的“Every write

18、r starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it.He has to find his own voice by reading widely“可知,voice 在文中指一种写作方法。6推理判断题。由第一段中的“in shaping perspectives(观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part in and live in“以及第三段中的“Reading fiction re

19、minds me that there is life beyond my own.It allows me to travel across the“可知 ,读书使作者开阔了视野。试卷第 4 页，总 14 页7推理判断题。文章第一段讲的是作者童年的读书生活以及作者对读书的看法;第二段讲的是作者想当作家,而且认为读书对成为作家来说非常重要;第三段讲的是读书使作者开阔了视野。综上可知,文章主要讲的是“我“ 为什么要读书。【备注】作者喜欢看书,并立志成为一位作家。读书开拓了作者的视野,让他了解到了那些未知的世界。Whether youre up for a Crocodile Dundees ad

20、venture or youd just like a taste of the Australian sun, the beaches in and around Sydney can offer you all that and more.Sydney BeachSydney Beach is located at Sydneys northernmost tip on an extension(延伸) of land ending at Palm Beach. Before checking out the golden sand, take a quick tour of the ho

21、uses of millionaires from the art and film industries.Palm BeachOnly about an hour from downtown Sydney, Palm Beach offers a long stretch(延伸) of clean sand and water. With parking near the center of the beach, that leaves the rest of it as a peaceful location with a sparse population, from which you

22、 can go surfing but take care without the huge crowds of other Sydneys beaches, Palm Beach doesnt afford quite the safety level to be found elsewhere. Volunteer lifesavers are on duty only on weekends and holidays.Bondi BeachFor the famous beach, Bondi Beach has to be your choice. Parking is difficu

23、lt to find even on slow days, so consider taking public transport to this world-known beach in the eastern Sydney suburbs. Easily reachable by taxi, bus, and rail, Bondi Beach offers sun bathing, swimming, snorkeling, and all sorts of water sports fun. If youre in the mood for a bit of exercise, two

24、 scenic coastal walks will afford you great views and sights along the shore. Take in views from Mackenzies Point. It starts at Bondi and heads south to Bronte Beach. But dont try to swim in Mackenzies Bay it holds dangers such as hidden rocks.Bronte BeachYour second choice for a scenic coastal walk

25、 covers a few miles and takes you from Bronte Beach to Waverly Cemetery, where many famous Australians are buried, including the poet Henry Lawson.8Which of the following shows the right order of the beaches lined from the south to the north?A.Palm BeachSydney BeachBronte BeachBondi BeachB.Bronte Be

26、achBondi BeachPalm BeachSydney BeachC.Sydney BeachPalm BeachBondi BeachBronte Beach试卷第 5 页，总 14 页D.Bondi BeachBronte BeachPalm BeachSydney Beach9The underlined word “sparse“ probably means .A.large B.thick C.thin D.crowded10What can we learn from the passage?A.If you want to enjoy a walk, you can ch

27、oose Bondi Beach or Bronte Beach.B.If you want to swim in Palm Beach, the safer time is on weekdays and holidays.C.If you want to visit the famous peoples tombs, you can choose Sydney Beach.D.If you want to visit Palm Beach, the airplane is your best choice.11Whats the purpose of the text?A.It aims

28、to show the scenery of the beaches in and around Sydney.B.It aims to introduce the culture and customs in and around Sydney.C.It aims to show the activities on the beaches in and around Sydney.D.It aims to attract the visitors to the beaches in and around Sydney.【答案】8B9C10A11D【解析】8推理判断题。根据 Sydney Be

29、ach 中的“Sydney Beach is located at Sydneys northernmost tip“可知,Sydney Beach 在最北部,故排除 A、C; 根据 Bondi Beach 中的“It starts at Bondi and heads south to Bronte Beach.“可知,Bronte Beach 位于 Bondi Beach 的南部,故选 B。9词义猜测题。根据 Palm Beach 中的“without the huge crowds“可知,这里人不多,也不拥挤,排除 A、B、D,故选 C。10推理判断题。根据 Bondi Beach 中的

30、“two scenic coastal walks will afford you great views and sights along the shore“和 Bronte Beach 中的“Your second choice for a scenic coastal walk covers a few miles“可知,在 Bondi Beach 和 Bronte Beach 可以散步,故选 A。11写作意图题。根据文章开头部分的“the beaches in and around Sydney can offer you all that and more“可知,作者介绍悉尼和它周

31、围的著名沙滩,目的是吸引游客到这些沙滩游览,故选 D。【备注】无论你是想体验一下鳄鱼邓迪的冒险之路,还是想享受一下澳大利亚的阳光,悉尼及其周围的沙滩都可以满足你的这些需求,甚至更多。试卷第 6 页，总 14 页How many times have you got upset because someone wasnt doing his job or because your child was not behaving?How many times have you been irritated (恼怒的) when youve planned something carefully an

32、d things didnt go as youd expected?This kind of anger and irritation happens to all of us its part of the human experiences.One thing that irritates me is when people talk during a movie,or cut me off in traffic.Actually,I have a lot of these little annoyances dont we?And it isnt always easy to find

33、 peace when youve become upset or irritated.Let me tell you a secret of finding peace of mind: see the glass as already broken.See,the cause of our stress,anger and irritation is that things dont go the way we like or the way we expect them to.Think of how many times this has been true for you.And s

34、o the solution is simple:expect things to go wrong,expect things to be different from what we have hoped or planned, or expect the unexpected to happen.And accept it.One quick example:on our recent trip to Japan,I told my kids to expect things to go wrong they always do on a trip.I told them,“See it

35、 as part of the adventure.“ And this worked like a charm.When we inevitably (不可避免地) took the wrong train on a foreign-language subway system,or when it rained on the day we went to Disney Sea,or when we took three trains and walked 10 blocks only to find the National Childrens Castle closed on Monda

36、ysThey said,“Its part of the adventure!“ And it was OK we didnt get too bothered.So when the nice glass you bought inevitably falls and breaks some day,you might get upset.But things will be different, if you see the glass as already broken from the day you get it.You know itll break some day, so fr

37、om the beginning,see it as already broken.Be a time traveler,or someone with time-traveling vision, and see the future of this glass, from this moment until it inevitably breaks.And when it breaks,you wont be upset or sad because it was already broken,from the day you got it.And youll realize that e

38、very moment you have with it is precious.12The author writes this passage mainly to .A.tell us his own life experiencesB.advise us how to find peace of mindC.tell us a happy trip he took with his childrenD.ask us to see things from both sides13By the underlined part (in Para.4),the author tells us t

39、o .A.get ready for the worst result of thingsB.enjoy the process of thingsC.expect little from lifeD.find the relationship between cause and effect14The authors children could enjoy their trip to Japan because .试卷第 7 页，总 14 页A.everything went smoothlyB.they had a lot of adventuresC.they had expected

40、 things to go wrongD.they could soon get used to the customs there15We can learn from the passage that the author .A.often gets angry in his lifeB.can adjust his state of mind accordinglyC.always expects others to act in his wayD.always suffers from his anger and irritation【答案】12B13A14C15B【解析】12写作意图

41、题。由全文内容尤其是第四段可知,作者就是要告诉我们如何保持心灵的宁静,而且作者在文章中举出实例来说明应该如何保持心灵的宁静。故选 B。13推理判断题。由后面的内容可知,作者告诉我们事情并不总是我们想的那样,要对坏的结果做好准备。故 A 项切题。14细节理解题。由第五、六、七段内容可知,他们预想到了旅程有可能不会一帆风顺,所以遇到问题他们才能坦然面对,享受旅途的快乐。故选 C。15推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,作者能够根据事情的变化相应地调整自己的心态。【备注】在忙忙碌碌的生活和工作中如何排解烦忧,保持心灵的宁静呢?本文给你提供一些良方,可供参考。评卷人 得分二、七选五：共 5 题 每题 2 分

42、 共 10 分Successful students are highly motivated(激励) by an inner drive to study well.They have a specific career goal in mind. 16 So they form their own good study habits,plan ahead and stick to their study timetable on their own initiative.If you want to be a successful student,motivate yourself and

43、 know that it is only you who are responsible for your study.There are some great ways to improve your motivation.You should write down your educational goals,which makes them become clear.试卷第 8 页，总 14 页Imagine your success.Experience the feeling of reaching your particular goal.17 Seek advice and l

44、earn from the good students in your class.Successful students tend to study hard.They pay attention to class as well as taking notes. 18 Outside class they find a quiet place to study,because they know that academic life comes before their social life.Set your goals.After setting goals it is importa

45、nt to write them down for many reasons.Goals that arent written are only wishes.It helps you make a commitment(承诺) to yourself.19 No one wants to regret not doing something they could have done.Successful students manage their time well by setting up a weekly timetable.They make the best use of thei

46、r study time. 20 Most of the suggestions mentioned above can improve your motivation.A.Give yourself rewards.Each time you complete a lesson,do something special for yourself.B.It gives you a way to see your progress.C.They make study time productive and not necessarily long.D.You will be proud of y

47、ourself when you achieve success.E.They know that they are responsible for their success or failure.F.When you set your goals,make sure that your goals are specific and realistic.G.They arrive at the classroom early and sit in the front.【答案】16E17A18G19B20C【解析】16根据前面的“They have a specific career goal

48、 in mind.“和后面的“So they form their own good study habits“可知,此处缺少一个过渡句,由语境可知,过渡句是 E 项,他们深知成败在于自己的努力。17此处讲的是提升学习动力的方法,故 A 项符合,每次完成一课后为自己做些特别的事奖励一下自己。18这里指的是在学校的学习方法:认真听讲并仔细记笔记,因此 G 项正确,早到学校并坐在前排。试卷第 9 页，总 14 页19此处描写的是写下设定的目标有很多好处,B 项意为“它能让你看到自己的进步“,是好处的一条。20最后一段主要讲的是成功的学生制订每周的时间表来充分利用学习时间,这与 C 项所表达的意思联

49、系紧密。故选 C。【备注】本文向读者介绍了成功的学生是如何提升学习动力并有效管理时间的。评卷人 得分三、完形填空：共 20 题 每题 1 分 共 20 分Once upon a time there lived an old man in a nice cottage with a large garden.The old man was seen 21 his flowers all the time.They were so well-tended that every passer-by could not but 22 for a glance.One day a young man went by the garden.He gazed at the splendid garden, 23 in admiration for the beauty of these scene