牛津译林版英语必修一Unit1 Grammar课件

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1、Discussion,What are they wearing?Can you describe the team using attributives?,Attributives,Attributive clause,Question: Which is an attributive clause?,The green team2. The team in green3. The team who are wearing green,prepositional phrase,attributive clause,adjective,Introduction An attributive c

2、lause modifies a noun in the same way that an adjective or prepositional phrase does. The noun it modifies is called an antecedent.,eg. The team who are wearing green.,Relatives,Attributive clauses are usually introduced by relatives pronouns like which, that, who, whom，as and whose, or relative adv

3、erbs like where, why and when.,eg. The team who are wearing green.,In the attributive clauses the relative words usually function as the: subject, object, predicative, attribute, adverbial,Functions,eg. The team who are wearing green.,subject,As subject The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.The boy who

4、 is smiling is Tom. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The man who sits in front of me is Tom.,The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian.The woman who can speak Russian got the job. The teacher will give us a

5、talk. The teacher is famous.The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.,As object The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. The woman got the job. We saw her in the street.The woman (whom) we saw in the street got the job.,The teacher will give us a talk. We met t

6、he teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk. We saw the student just now. He is the best runner in our school.The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school.,As predicative Jack used to be a lazy boy. He is no longer a lazy boy. Jack is no longer

7、the lazy boy that he used to be. As attribute She has a brother. I cant remember his name.She has a brother whose name I cant remember.,As adverbial The school is in Shenzhen. He studied in the school. The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.,关系代词 that, which, who, whom 和whose的用法,关系代词who指人，作主语或宾语

8、（作宾语常可省略）；whom指人，作宾语；whose指人，作定语； which指物，作主语，宾语，表语; that指人或物， 作主语、宾语、表语；as指人或物，作主语，表语，as的作用接近who和which;,Practice,The man _stands there is Tom. The girl _I met is Ms Li. The boy _watch was lost is Tom. The book _lies on the desk is his. The pen _you bought is good. The magazine _cover is red is nice

9、.,who / that,(whom / that),whose,which/that,(which / that),whose,关系代词的用法,I. that和which,以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything，something, nothing, anything或由few, little，much，all，only, the very等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。如：,They go to the newspapers own library to look up any information that they ne

10、ed. 他们到报社的图书馆去查找他们所需要的资料。 This is the very book that I have been looking for. 这正是我在寻找的书。,The only thing that matters is to find our way home. 惟一要紧的事是找到回家的路。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。 如： I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。,2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。如：The fir

11、st thing that we should do is to work out a plan. 我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。 Newton was one of the greatest men that ever lived. 牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。,3. 先行词同时指人和物时，用that。如：We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。 Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 瞧瞧那个沿

12、街走过来的男人和他的驴子。,4. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时用that。如：Which is the dictionary that you want? 哪本是你要的字典？ Who is the man that is standing by the door? 站在门旁边的那个男人是谁？,Practice,This is the best film _Ive seen. That is the last lesson _I gave you. This is the very book _Im after. That is just the coat _color is

13、red. That is the right place _he works.I still remember the schools and boys _I met there.,(that),(that),(that),whose,where,(that),7. Everything _you said is true.8. Which is the book _you want?9. Who is the girl _sits there. 10. All _he said is true. 11. All _is said by him is true. 12. Are there a

14、ny problems _trouble you? 13. I will make full use of the time _there is left for me.,(that),(that),that,(that),that,that,(that),Paragarph 1:David was one of the most helpful students that we ever had. (The antecedents : the most helpful students; the relative pronoun: that,used as the object in the

15、 clause),Answers,In 2004, he went to Oxford University where he became interested in Chinese culture. (The antecedents : Oxford University; the relative pronoun: which,used as the adverbial in the clause),Paragarph 2 Some of the cities in China which he likes most are Beijing, Shanhai,Harbin and Nan

16、jing. (The antecedents : some of the cities; the relative pronoun: which,used as the object in the clause),Most of the students whom he taught have become his friends. (The antecedents : most of the students; the relative pronoun: whom,used as the object in the clause),Paragarph 3 Some of the books

17、were gifts in China that he got from his Chinese friends and students. (The antecedents : gifts; the relative pronoun: that,used as the object in the clause),The painting that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room. (The antecedents : the painting; the relative pronoun: t

18、hat,used as the object in the clause),as作为关系代词还可用于the sameas和suchas等结构中。如： Ive never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过他讲的故事。 This is the same dictionary as I lost. 这本字典跟我丢失的一样。,Attention,1.Such boys _you mentioned are well. 2.The boys _ _you mentioned are well. 3.It is so difficult a problem _no

19、 one can work out. 4. It is so difficult a problem_no one can work it out. 5. She wore the same hat _you wore yesterday.,Practice,that,such as,as,as,as,6. You have made the same mistake_you made last time 7. I had the same experience _youhave now. 8.She went to the same place _shesaw the key. 9. Tho

20、se _are present are well. 10. Is this factory _he visited?,that,that,where,who,the one,11.Is this the factory _he visited? 12.He is one of the boys who _ present at the meeting now. 13.He is the only one of them who _present at the meeting now.14.He is the one of them who_present at the meeting.,(wh

21、ich/ that),are,is,is,Complete the following article about high schools in the USA using who, whom, whichor whose.,Practice,There are several differences between high schools in the USA and high schools in China. For one thing, students _ study in the USA are in class only about twenty hours per week

22、. The rest of the time _ they spend at school is used for indendpent study.,who,which,With so much free time,students _ do not make good use of their time may not pass their exams. Students_ the teachers fail may have to take the classes again. For another thing, many courses are classes_ the studen

23、ts can study just for fun,but _ they do not have to take.,who,whom/who,which,which,Finally, students can often choose their classes and class times. Some courses are required, but the students can still decide the teacher _ class they wish to take. They can choose to take the class of a teacher _the

24、y like or respect.,whose,whom/who,Read the following paregraph, and then complete the sentences below using attribute clauses. The first sentence is done for you as an example.,Practice,1.The new school_ is very large . 2.It has many students _. 3.English is the subject_. 4.I admire most an American

25、 lady_.,that/which I now attend,that/which I like best,who/that teaches us English,who/ that are from different countries,5.Our History teacher tells us stories _. 6. I have a good friend _. 7.The library is a place _.,that/which are very interesting,whose name is Sally/who is called Sally,that/whic

26、h is quiet and comfortable,1. There are 54 students in our class, _ 18 are girls. A. more than B. less than C. in those D. of whom 2. Well remember those days _ we spent together. A. when B. in which C. in that D. which,Exercise,3. The doctor _ is leaving for Africa next month. A. the nurse is talki

27、ng to him B. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking 4. Next month, _ youll spend in your hometown, is coming. A. which B. that C. when D. where,5. He had a bad cold, _he didnt attend the meeting. A. because B. because of whichC. to which D. because of that 6

28、. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything.A. in it B. in which C. where D. in that,7. Do you want to buy the same radio _ was shown on TV?A. what B. which C. as D. that 8. She was wearing the same dress _ she had on the day before. A. that B. which C. where D. what,9. A new building will be

29、 built, _ is reported in todays newspaper.A. it B. as C. which D. that 10. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. / B. that C. what D. which,高考链接 1. David was one of the most helpful students that we ever had. (P9)考点 that 引导定语从句，修饰students, 从句谓语动词用复数；若在one of 前加the only, 则定语从句的谓语动词需用单数。,考例 He is the

30、 only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years. is B. are C. have been D. has been 点拨 因句中有the only,定语从句修饰的名词为单数；又因为该定语从句的时间状语是for three years, 所以需用完成时态。故选D项。,重点词汇讲解： 1. develop vt. & vi. sb. / sth. from sth. into sth. （使某人某事物）发展，发育，成长，发达The place has developed from a fishing

31、 port into a tourist centre. 这地方由原来的渔港发展成一个旅游中心。,开发，利用（土地、水利资源等） The site is being developed by a London property company. 这块地正在由伦敦的一家地产公司开发。 冲洗（底片），使（底片）显影 How long does it take to develop these photos? 冲洗这些照片需要多长时间？,联想 developed adj. 先进的，发达的，成熟的 The average citizen in the developed world uses over

32、 155kg of paper per year. 发达国家的普通公民每年消费的纸超过155千克。,developing adj. 发展中的 People in many developing countries are living a better life now. 很多发展中国家人民的生活都比以前好了。 development n. 发展，进展程度 What are the latest developments? 最近有什么新的发展？,请说出下列句中划线词的汉语意思。 1. When did you develop an interest in collecting cards? 2

33、. The recent development of our town has been surprising. 3. America is one of the developed countries in the world.Key: 1. 培养 2. 发展 3. 发达的,2. please vt. 使（某人）满意或愉快Our main aim is to please the customers. 我们的目的是让顾客满意。vi. 想要; 喜欢Come and stay as long as you please. 来吧！你喜欢住多久就住多久。,习语 yes, please接受好意时的客

34、气话。 Would you like some coffee? 你要点咖啡吗？ Yes, please. 好的，谢谢。,联想 pleased adj. 欣喜的，满意的 Are you pleased with the new flat? 你对这套新公寓满意吗? I was very pleased to be able to help. 能够帮上忙我感到很高兴。 pleasant adj. 舒适的，讨人喜欢的 We spent a pleasant day in the country. 我们在乡下度过了愉快的一天。,pleasure n. 高兴，满足，乐事 It gives me pleas

35、ure to see you looking happy. 看到你一副快乐的样子我很高兴。,请用please的正确形式填空并说出其汉语意思。 1. I feel like doing something to _ my mother. 2. The manager was _ with my answers at the interview.,please,pleased,使开心,满意的,3. Its my _ to talk to the headmaster face to face. 4. Id like to go for a picnic on such a _ day.,pleasure,令人愉快的,pleasant,快乐；荣幸,Homework,Talk about the picture on P10, using attributive clauses (free talk). Do workbook exercise C1 and C2. Preview Task.,Thank you,