高考英语第一轮语法复习十八：数词（含答案）

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1、103语法复习十八：数 词高考重点要求：1掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。2掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。数词在各个题项中，单选、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作用，往往用以说明事实的精确性和可信性。数词是由两大部分构成的即基数词和序数词，而其他数字表示法如分数，小数等均由这两大部分的不同组合而构成。（一）基数词：表示数目的词为基数词，它的构成如下表：范 围 特 点 实 例112 无规律 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve1319 以

2、 teen 为结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen2090 以 ty 结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety2199 十位与个位之间要加连字符 “-” twenty-five, sixty-five, ninety-nine101999 百位与十位之间 通常用 and three hundred and twenty-five（美语中常将 and 省略）千以上 6275six thousand two h

3、undred and seventy-five；1200twelve hundred（二）序数词：表示顺序的数词为序数词，它的构成如下表：范 围 特 点 实 例119 各基数词尾加 th 其中七个例外：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, 其余，如：four forth, six sixth, nineteen nineteenth20,3090 把 y 变 i 后加 eth twentieth, fortieth, ninetieth21 以后多位数最后一个数用序数词，其余用基数词 21st twenty-first, 11

4、0th one hundred and tenth（三）数词的用法：1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表示例 英语表示法2001630 June 30,2001 30June,2001 30thJune, 20017：25 seven twenty-five twenty-five past even12:54 twelve fifty four six to one9:15 nine fifteen a quarter past nine2:30 two thirty half past two21:50 twenty-one fifty 9:50p.m.第 21 twenty-

5、first第 123 one hundred and twenty-third10421a half 5 two and two-fifths 20% 20 per cent 20 percent第七路公共汽车 Bus Number Seven第 201 房间 Room 201人民路 153 号 153 Renmin Road 4+8 =12 Four plus eight is twelve11-7=4 Eleven minus seven is four.65=30 Six times five is thirty.205=4 twenty divided by five is four.

6、AB A is more than B.AB A is less than B.AB A is approximately (近似地, 大约)equals to B.AB A is not equal to B.2.约数表示法列表含义 英语表达 例句大于某数 more than He has lived here for more than twenty years.over she is over fifty.or more Therere thirty people or more in the meeting-room.小于某数 less than I have less than (n

7、ot more than )fifty dollars.under Children under seven are not allowed to enter.below He would not sell it for below a hundred fifty dollars.or less The coat might cost him sixty dollars or less.大约（某数） nearly She is nearly fifty now.almost Its almost three oclock.up to Up to ten men can sleep in thi

8、s tent.or He spent four or five days writing the article.or so The distance is twenty miles or so.about I visited that village about three years ago.some Their team has some four or five players.more or less The container can hold more or less twenty pounds of water.around/round Lets make it round/a

9、round eight oclock.3.不定数量词“多”的表示法列表被修饰名词的数 英语表达 汉译105修饰可数名词 dozens of 几十、许多scores of 许多many, a good(great) many, many a (饰单数可数名词) 许多、大量hundreds of 数以百计thousands of ,thousands upon thousands of 成千上万millions of 数百万billions of 亿万修饰不可数名词 much , a great (good)deal of ,a large amount of ,large amounts of

10、许多、大量修饰可数名词或不可数名词 a lot of /lots of ,plenty of, a large quantity of , large quantities of 许多、大量练习、数 词1. Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old people C. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples2. He was only in_ at the time.A. his 20s B. the 20s C. his twenties D. the

11、 twenties3. The two great men wrote those letters in_ .A. 1870s B. 1879s C. the 1870s D. the 18704. I wonder if I can ask him_ time.A. four B. fourth C. the fourth D. a fourth5. He came out_ in the track events.A. first B. one C. the first D. the one6. It was in 1939 that _broke out.A. World War Sec

12、ond B. the World War Second C. Second World War D. World War II7. Youll have to spend _writing your report here.A. one day or two days B. one day or two C. a day or two D. two days or one8. He cut the cake_ .A. in halves B. in half C. into halves D. into half9. The earth is nearly_ the moon.A. 50 ti

13、me the size of B. 50 times the size of C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times as that of10. Either you or the headmaster _the prizes for these gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing in B. are to hand out C. are handing in D. is to hand out11. _of the population here are peasants.A. 20 percents B.

14、20 percent C. the 20 percent D. the 20 percents12. Its about_ , the thickness of a human hair.106A. two-fifteenth B. two-fifteenths C. two fifteen D. two fifteens13. The price of such material was reduced_ .A. by 18 percent B. to 18 percent C. at 18 percent D. for 18 percent14. South of the equator,

15、 81 percent of the surface of the earth_ water.A. is B. are C. was D. were15. They sold _boxes of such sweets last week.A. four dozen B. four dozens C. four dozens of D. four dozen of16. It took me _ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.A. a half dozen B. half a dozen C. haft dozens D. half doze

16、n17._people were sent there to help fight against the flood.A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores18. Dont leave you work,_ .A. done half B. half done C. a half done D. done a half19. Nobody can do two things well _ .A. at one time B. at once C. one time D. once20. He ha

17、s_ books in his study.A. several thousands B. some thousands of C. some thousands D. some thousand of21. On National day_ people take part in all kinds of celebration.A. hundreds of millions of B. millions of hundred ofC. hundreds millions of D. millions hundreds of22. He has lived at_ for 30 years.

18、A. No. 101 Heping Street B. 101 Heping Street C. Heping Street 101 D. Heping street No. 10123. You can find him in_ .A. Room 201 B.201 Room C. the Room 20 D. the 201 Room24. Its_ walk from here to my school.A. two - hours B. two hours C. two - hour D. a two - hour25. It was in_ when he was already i

19、n _ that he went to Yanan.A. the 1940s, the 40s B. the 1940s, his forties C. 1940s, his forties D. the 1940s, his 40s26. He went to the market and bought _eggs and some meat.A. three dozen of B. three dozen C. three dozens D. three dozens of27.Shortly after the accident two _police were sent to the

20、spot to keep order.A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of 28.Mr Smith _me to buy several _eggs for the dinner.A. asked, dozen B. suggested, dozens of C. had, dozen D. persuaded, dozens of 29._of the land in that district _covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fi

21、fths , is D. Two fifths, are 30.Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old peopleC. hundred old peoples D. hundred old peoples 10731.It is not rare in _that people in _fifties are going to university for further education.A.90s,the B. the 90s, / C.90s, their D. the 90s, thei

22、r 32.-Have you seen many sheep in the distance ? -Yes, _.A. thousand of them B. two thousands of them C. two thousand of them D. two thousand them语法复习十八：数 词1B2. C 表示“ 几十“ 的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄，本句为“ 二十多岁“。3C 定冠词“the“和数的复数形式在一起表示年代。4D 序数词前面加不定冠词表示 “又一次“( 已经四次了)5A 这里“first“有人说起副词作用，可以看成表语，也可以看做一种“取得第

23、一名“ 的习惯用法。6D 序数词和名词共同构成的专有名词还可以是 thc Second World War 的形式。7C 只有 C 项为正确的表达方式，或者也可以写成“one or two days“再如：one hour and a half 或 one and a half hours8B “in half“表示“ 分成一样大小的两半 “。也可以说“cutin two“9B 再如 twice the height(depth，width，weight，etc)of10D eitheror连接主语用就近原则。be to hand out the prizes 意为“要颁发奖品“ 。11答案为

24、 B。百分比作修饰语，前面不加冠词且不能加复数。12答案为 B。分数做定语，分子用基数词，分母为序数词，当分子大于 1 时，分母用复数，本题中，其它表达方式均不正确。13答案为 A。表增加或减少的数量的百分比，用 by+百分数表示。14答案为 A。不可数的名词的百分比用单数；可数名词的百分比则用复数。C 项时态不对，另如：90 percent of the population here are peasents这个句子中 population 的意思是 people15答案为 A。“dozen“与数词或 many，several 等词连用时复数一般不加 s，故 B、C 两项不选。此外，doz

25、en 与数词连用做定语，一般也不加 of当然也有例外：Place them in dozens on the tabledozens 表数量很多。Two dozen of these are wanteddozen 后面有 of 因为有限定词these， the 等。Dozens of people were heredozens of 也表示“很多“。16答案为 B。“半打“ 的表达方式一定要用“hall a dozen“。17答案为 B。score 做定语修饰名词用 a(three)score of，而不用复数形式；常用“scores of“为其复数形式，意为“大量“ ，但有： three

26、 score and ten，a score or more18答案为 B。“hall“起副词作用，修饰过去分词“done“ ，因为这个过去分词表状态，故 “half“应在“done“前。再如：well done，well known ，不用 a half 修饰 done，故不选 C、B 两项。19B 意为“ 同时“ ，不是“立刻“ 。20B2lA 如：tens of thousands of(小数在前，大数在后)thousands and thonsands of( 两数一样大)。22B 居住的门牌号用介词 at+号数+街道名“ 。23A24答案为 D。“walk“作为名词，常与不定冠词连用。注意：在表数量的合成词中，名词部分为单数，如：a two-year-old boy 25答案为 B。“在 20 世纪 40 年代“，必须有定冠词“the“此外，年代后要加s 或 s。“他已经40 多岁了“要用 in his forties。10826答案为 B。dozen 与数词或多或少 several, many 连用时，复数不加 s。dozens of 表示数量很多，在修饰有 these，the 等词限定的名词时，可用 dozen of 的形式。如：three dozen of these eggs. 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.B 31.D 32.C