人教新课标英语选修十《Unit4 Grammar》课件
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1、Grammar Subjunctive Mood,Unit 4,1. If I were Andy Lou, I would be in Hong Kong now. 2. I wish I were a millionaire. 3. We suggest that everyone should help the AIDS patients.When to use the Subjunctive Mood in English?,hypotheses,wishes,suggestion,虚拟语气,The Subjunctive Mood,虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verb struct
2、ure), 用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实 (fact),而只是一种假设(hypotheses )愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion) 或怀疑doubt等等。,The definition of the Subjunctive Mood,1. 虚拟语气在条件句中 1) “表示不太可能出现的情况”, 条件从句一般用过去时,主句用would do, should do 或 might /could do;,虚拟语气应该注意的几点:,2) 表示“本可能发生却未发生的事情”, 条件从句用过去完成时, 主句用would have done, should have done, migh
3、t / could have done.,The old men would find it difficult to get a job if they left the farm. I should be surprised if it was less than five pounds. If I frightened those birds, they might fly off and I would never see them again. If I were you, I would accept the offer.,If I were asked to define my
4、mood, Id say “bored”. If he had taken his doctors advice, he might not have died so soon. If he had realized that, he would have run away while there was still time. If she had not married, she could have become special in the filed.,2. 虚拟语气在条件句也可用来表示“将来不太可能出现的情况”, 条件从句用 should do, were to do或一般过去时,
5、 主句用 would do, should do, could/might do.,If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would have to be put off. I could see the surface of the moon with my own eyes if I were to go to the moon some day. What would you do if he failed to come tomorrow?,注意: 含有 should 的条件句, 主句可以 用一般现在时或一般将来时. 例如: If th
6、ere should be another flood, what shall we do? Ask her to leave a message if she should come.,3. 在正式英语文体中, if 从句中的第一个动词如果是should, were 或 had, 可将此动词置于句首, 替代 if例如:,Were it all true, it would still not excuse their actions. Had the captain been more careful, his ship would not have sunk. Should any vis
7、itors come, I would say you are not here.,4. if only 和 suppose (supposing), 也可以引导虚拟从句 If only I had more time, I could go there to help them. Supposing it were fine tomorrow, would you go climbing the mountain with us?,5. If it were not / had not been for 也是常见的虚拟句型, 意思是“要不是” 例如: If it had not been f
8、or your help, we would not have achieved so much in our work. If it were not for the wise decision, we could not be living a happy life.,6. 虚拟语气用于I wish 的宾语从句中: 表示现在时间, 动词用一般过去时和过去进行时 (be动词用were /was)。 表示过去时间, 动词用过去完成时和过去完成进行时。 表示将来时间, 动词用 would/ could 等+动词原形。,I wish I knew how to operate this compu
9、ter. I wish he werent so lazy. I do wish everything would be as quiet as before. I wish we hadnt been working overtime yesterday.,注意: 这里I wish 所表达的意思与 if only差不多。以上的句子都可 以用if only 来代替 I wish 例如: If only I knew how to operate this computer. If only we hadnt been working overtime yesterday.,7. Its (ab
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