2016年广东省广州市中考英语试题含答案解析

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1、广东省广州市 2016 年中考英语试卷(解析版)1、语法选择（共 15 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 1-15 各题所给的A、B、 C、D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In a far-away place, there was a village. The village was_1_ in potatoes than anywhere else in the country. At the end of every growing season, _2_potatoes were dug out of the

2、ground, and readied for market. In each home, men and women would_3_divide the potatoes into three groups, large, medium and small.One year, there was a young man_4_received his share of the potatoes. As the other villagers_5_, he walked around the village laughing and talking._6_villagers thought h

3、e was lazy, and they worried that this man would never get_7_potatoes ready in time. When it was time for the villagers_8_to market, they were greatly surprised to find that the mans potatoes_9_perfectly into three groups.After _10_the man how he did it, they understood he was not lazy, _11_very cle

4、ver. He had put all his potatoes in a cart and pulled it along the villages rough dirt road. As the cart moved up and down over the road, the potatoes moved_12_. The small potatoes moved to the bottom, the larger potatoes rose to the top and the medium potatoes rested_13_ the middle.Life_14_like thi

5、s too. The rough roads we travel along can also_15_us.1. A. rich B. richer C. richest D. more rich2. A. thousand with B. thousands with C. thousand of D. thousands of3. A. busily B. busy C. more busily D. busier4. A. who B. which C. what D. whose5. A. work B. was working C. were working D. works6. A

6、. A B. An C. The D. /7. A. he B. him C. himself D. his8. A. go B. going C. to go D. went9. A. are divided B. were divided C. are dividing D. divided10. A. asking B. asked C. ask D. asks11. A. so B. and C. or D. but12. A. too B. also C. either D. neither13. A. on B. in C. with D. by14. A. has B. are

7、C. were D. is 15. A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped解析：文章讲述了在一个盛产土豆的村庄中，一到收获季节村民们就会忙于将土豆分为大、中、小三类。一位年轻人却在他人忙着将土豆分类时有说有笑，一点不急。大家都认为他太懒惰，结果到了交易土豆的时候却发现他已经完美地分好了类。这时大家才意识到他不是懒而是聪明，他将土豆装入推车中，拉着车经过颠簸的土路，土豆随着车上下颠簸自动按大小分为上中下三层。人生也是如此，我们遇到的不平坦亦能帮助我们变得更好。【详细解析】1. A 形容词。此处考查形容词比较级，从后文 than 可知用 richer.故选 B。

8、2. D 数词。此处考查数词中固定搭配，“成千上万”应该为 thousands of.。3. A 副词。此处考查副词修饰动词的用法。busily 修饰动词 divide。4. A 定语从句之关系代词。先行词为 a young man, 在定语从句中做主语，故选关系代词who。5. C 时态。本题考查过去进行时，本句话翻译为：“当其他的村民正在忙作时，.”。6. C 定冠词。 the 在此处表达的是第二次提到 villagers。7. D 物主代词。“.get his potatoes ready in time.”表示“不能及时把他的土豆区分好”。8. C 句型。 It is time for

9、 sb to do sth “对某人来说是时候做.”故选 C。9. B 被动语态。本句子前面有 “.were greatly.” 故表示过去，另 potatoes 在文中是被区分开来，故用过去时的被动语态，答案选择 B。10. A 动名词。本题考查介宾结构。after 在此处是介词，并非连词。11.D 连词。本处表转折，意思为：村名们明白他不懒惰，但是非常聪明。12.A 副词。考查：“也”的表达，本句子是肯定句，且在句末，故选择 too.13.B 介词。本处考查介词的固定搭配：”in the middle”意为：在中间。14.D 系动词。Life is like this too.意思为：生活

10、也如同这样。15.B 情态动词。本处考查情态动词后接原形。2、完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16-25 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When Rebecca was a middle school student, she was often bullied（欺凌）.At that t ime, she didnt want to tell others. However, she now thinks people who are bullied should talk about t

11、heir _16_.Rebecca says that many people who are bullied_17_in silence. She says that although she _18_heard a lot about bullying when she was in primary school, she never thought it would happen to her.Rebecca told us that the bullying began when she went to middle school. People started making fun

12、of her for being a _19_student and knowing all the answers.She went on to say that every time she answered a question correctly in class, everyone would start shouting and saying that she was too_20_for them.She told us that by the end of the year, she was very _21_about the bullying and became ill.

13、 She began to hate school. But _22_ she had a friend who could talk to, and they told their head teacher about her problem. She believes that talking to the teacher_23_her a lot. They found ways to deal with the problem, and the bullying finally_24_.Her_25_is, dont see yourself as the problem. Nobod

14、y should be bullied. But if you dont tell anyone what is going on, nobody will know that you need help.16. A. experiences B. jokes C. hobbies D. studies17. A. sleep B. laugh C. suffer D. play18. A. seldom B. always C. never D. suddenly19. A. bad B. happy C. silent D. good20. A. clever B. slow C. noi

15、sy D. proud21. A. pleased B. worried C. satisfied D. amazed22. A. usually B. interestingly C. luckily D. strangely23. A. surprised B. controlled C. excited D. helped24. A. started B. stopped C. increased D. continued25. A. problem B. agreement C. condition D. advice文章讲述了一位叫 Rebecca 的女士认为当我们在学校遇到欺凌的时

16、候应该勇敢说出来。Rebecca 在中学时因为成绩好而被同学嘲笑，这一度让她生病和厌学。幸运的是她和朋友向老师反映问题之后，她们找到了解决办法并且最终停止了欺凌。因此 Rebecca 认为没有人应该被欺凌，当你遭受欺凌时，要勇敢说出来才能让大家知道你需要帮助。【详细解析】16. A experience“经历”。从文章句意可以推测出来。17. C suffer”忍受，遭遇”。本句意思表达：很多被欺负的人都只是默默忍受着。拓展：sufferfrom “遭受 .疾病”。18. B 从 although.表达尽管她在小学时经常听到关于欺负的事情，但她认为事情不会发生在她身上。19. D 考查上下文。

17、从后文 knowing all the answers 可以推测是一个好学生。20. A 考查上下文。意思为：对于其他同学来说，Rebecca 太聪明了。21. B 考查固定搭配。 be worried about.“担忧”。22. C 考查上下文。前文说她开始厌学，后文 but 转折，可以推测出来是很幸运。23. D 考查上下文。意思为：她相信跟老师说能帮助她不少；B 选项 control 为“控制”。24. B 考查上下文。前文说到找到了解决的方法，故应该是欺负这种现象停止了。C 选项为“增加”。25. D 前文是寻求老师帮助，所以此处应该为建议，故选 advice。C 选项 condit

18、ion 为“条件”，B 选项为 “认同，同意；协议”。三、阅读（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 阅读理解（共 20 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从 26-45 各题所给的 A.B.C.和 D 项中选出最佳的选择，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.(A)“Save the whales!” Thats what the picture on Jake Smiths bedroom wall said. Jake liked having a picture that said something important: that showed he cared. He just n

19、ever expected to get a chance to save a real whale, one right in his own neighbourhood.It was a Saturday morning when the newspaper first reported the whales coming. A g roup of the animals were swimming close to the beach in Jakes hometown. All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them.

20、They were expecting a beautiful show, better than a movie, but nothing theyd have to do anything about.Then one whale swam in the direction, directly towards land. It came in with the waves, and when the waves receded. Its huge body on the sand. Suddenly, Jake and his family and all the others were

21、no longer sightseers. They had to become rescuers. A few people ran towards the animal. They pushed and tried to force the whale back into the water, but it was no use.An animal rescue service team soon arrived in a truck with heavy lifting machinery, to help move the animal. Jack and his family cou

22、ldnt do much on the beach, so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the resc uers. At least, Jake thought, they could help in some way.Back at the beach, they offered the food to the rescuers and were happy to see that it was needed. It was getting dark. Some people lined

23、 up their cars along the beach and shined the headlights on the sand. The rescuers would not give up. After trying many times they were finally able to lift the whale into the water. Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea. It swam out about a mile and then disappeared for a moment under the sea.

24、 Then, in what looked like a jump of joy, it rose high above the watera thank-you to those who had worked so hard to save his life.26. What does the picture on Jakes wall tell us about him?A. He lived near the ocean.B. He cared about the environment.C. He worked as an animal rescuer.D. He thought wh

25、ales were the most beautiful animals.27. Why did the local people go down to the beach that morning?A. To swim with the whalesB. To help rescue the whales.C. To see the whales swimming.D. To watch a movie about whales.28. The underlined word “receded” in Paragraph 3 means _.A. didnt move B. went bac

26、k out C. washed over D. got up29. How did Jake and his family help save the whale?A. By calling the rescue service.B. By a sking their neighbours for help.C. By giving the rescuers food and drink.D. By controlling the people on the beach.30. In what order did the events of the whale rescue take plac

27、e?a. The whale disap peared under the sea.b. People turned on the lights of their cars.c. Rescuers lifted the whale into the water.d. People pushed the whale towards the sea.A. e-d-b-c-a B. e-b-c-d-a C. d-b-e-a-c D. a-e-b-d-c本文是篇记叙文，主要讲述了人们齐心协力帮助一头鲸鱼重回大海的故事。26. B 细节题，从首段的第二句可知。27. C 细节题，从第二段的“they w

28、ere expecting a beautiful show, better than a movie”可知人们期待鲸鱼的表演，也就是它的泳姿。28. B 猜词题。从第三段的“It came in with the wave”以及“its huge body rested on the sand”可知浪潮退去，鲸鱼留在了沙滩上。29. C 细节题。从第四段的“Jake and his family”可知 Jake 和家人给救援人员做了吃喝的东西。30. A 排序题。通读全文可知鲸鱼最终获救游回大海，故 a 位于末尾，排除 C 和 D，救援人员到了之后，人们打开车灯给救援人员照明，故 d 在 b

29、 之前。(B)It may be hard to believe, but the American Revolution(革命)the war that freed the American states from British controlbegan over a cup of tea. Tea was not the only thing that caused the war, of course, but it played a very big part.The British peoples love of tea is well-known. When the Britis

30、h won control over mush of North America in the early 1700s, they brought their tea- drinking habits with them. Tea quickly became the continents most popular drink. As tea could not be grown locally, just as in Britain, it was shipped into the countrymostly from India.In the early 1700s, the Britai

31、n government made a special deal with the East India Company, as an English tr ading company. They agreed that no other company was allowed to bring tea to Britain or any country controlled by Britain, including America. It was a great deal for the East India Company, since it meant that the company

32、 could decide whatever price it wanted for its products. And it always decided on a high price!In North America, the local people did not like having to pay such high prices. Instead od overpaying for tea from the British, they turned to Dutch traders, who secretly brought tea to the country that wa

33、s just as goodand much less expensive. Although this broke the law, the American people didnt care. They got the same cup of tea at a much lower price.The East India Company, however, didnt like this at all. By the 1760s, they were losing millions of pounds each year to Dutch tradersa huge amount of

34、 money in a time when 60 a year was considered a good income. Instead of reducing their prices to compete with the Dutch, the company asked the British government for help and the government agreed.In 1767, the British introduced new law that increased the prices of all goods which were brought into

35、 America. These laws helped make the East India Company even richer and forced local people to pay much more for everything. The American leaders asked the British government not to do so, but the British refused to listen. These unfair laws increased Americans anger about British rule and the rest,

36、 as they say, is history.31. In the early 1700s where did most tea drunk in America come from?A. China B. India C. America D. Britain32. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to_.A. the tea maker B. the American governmentB. the British government D. the East India Company33. Why did may Am

37、ericans begin to buy tea from the Dutch traderfs?A. The tea was much cheaper.B. The tea was a lot healthier.C. They could buy it more easily.D. They didnt want to support the British.34. What did the East India Company do to stop losing money?A. It reduced the price of its tea.B. It improved the tas

38、te of its tea.C. It introduced a new kind of tea.D. It asked the British government for help.35. What is the passage mainly about?A. Tea trade in eighteenth-century America.B. The relationship between America and Britain.C. A reason for the start of the American Revolutionary War.D. The introduction

39、 of British tea-drinking habits into America.本文是记叙文，讲述了美国独立革命的一个重要原因茶，可谓是“茶引发的一场革命”。英国对美国实行殖民统治的同时带去了喝茶的习惯，但由于英国政府允许一家公司操纵茶叶市场并导致茶价等物价上涨，最终美国人民不堪重负发动革命战争。31. B 细节题。从第二段的最后一句，可知当时美国的咖啡豆来自 Indian。32. D 猜词题。从第三段的倒数第二句可知“那个公司总是定个高价”。33. A 推断题。从第四段的第三行“that was just as good - and much less expensive”可知答案

40、。34. D 细节题。从第五段的最后一句 “the company asked the British for help”可知答案。35. C 主旨题。本文讲述美国革命爆发的其中一个重要原因茶。该文属于说明文，首段已给出了全文的中心句。(C)Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2

41、015 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.Luckily, researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and

42、 found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.While that may sound amazin

43、g and even impossible, the science behind the ides is quite simple. As plants create their food (using the suns energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons the building blocks of

44、 electrical energy. The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamps batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can power a 50-watt Led light for two hours - enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.The university g

45、ave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest commu nities, 42% of whom have no elec

46、tricity.36. What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1?A . They are difficult to use and create pollutionB. They are expensive to buy and easily damagedC. They are difficult to repair and produce little lightD. They are expensive to use and can be bad for health37. The electricity m

47、ade by the Plant Lamp comes from_.A. plant food B. plant waste C. the soils heat D. the suns energy38. What is true about the Plant Lamp?A. It can be made by local peopleB. It is much easier to use than oil lamps C. It can produce all the electricity the village needD. The things it needs to make el

48、ectricity are easy to find39. The Plant Lamps inventor believes it could be most helpful for _.A. rainforest communities B. carsC. poor people in cities D. farmers40. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To report on a new inventionB. To explain a new scientific theoryC. To describe how electricity

49、 is madeD. To discuss the problems of poor villages本文是篇说明文，介绍了一项新发明。它能够让没有供电的雨林地区的人们利用丰富的植物资源制造一种新的“植物电灯”。36. D 细节题。从首段的最后一句可知，油灯不仅贵还会产生有害气体。37. B 推断题。从第三段的第三句“Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produceelectrons”可知，土壤里面的微生物吃掉了植物产生的废物并生成了电子，因此这种植物灯所产生的电来源于植物所产生的废物。该题难度较大，描述较长，不好理解。38. D 判断正误。A 选项，植物灯并不是当地人制作的，而是由一些调