2017年江苏省南京市中考英语试卷含答案解析

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1、南京市 2017 年初中毕业生学业考试英语解析选择题 (共 40 分) 一、单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分. 满分 15 分) 请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项. 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. Here is Nancys plan for one week during her summer holiday. What kind of plan is this?A. A party plan. B. A trip plan. C. An exercise plan D. An eating plan【 分析 】 这是南希在暑假期间的计划这是

2、哪类计划？【 解答 】 答案：C考查英文常识句意：这是南希在暑假期间的计划这是哪类计划？根据图片中的内容周一到周日，有游泳、打篮球、网球可知这是一份锻炼计划故选 C【 点评 】 根据所给图片的内容以及具体语境进行分析，作答2. Look! There _ a photo of our English teacher in todays newspaper! A. is B. are C. have D. has【 分析 】 看！今天的报纸上有一张我们英语老师的照片【 解答 】 答案：A在 there be 句型中，be 动词的单复数应用就近原则（即要看后面的名词来判断），如果这个名词是可数名词

3、的单数或者不可数名词，就用 be 的单数 is；如果这个名词是复数就用 be的复数 are；根据 a photo of our English teacher in todays newspaper谓语动词靠近a photo，是单数，而且句子叙述的是现在的情况，时态应该用一般现在时，所以 be 动词为单数 is故选 A【 点评 】 There be 句型是英语中常用句型，意思是“有“，表示“人或事物的存在“或“某地有某物“There 在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词“那里“的含义3. Over 10, 000 runners joined a half and a mini marathons

4、 in Xianlin, Nanjing _ May 7, 2017. A. in B. on C. at D. by【 分析 】 2017 年 5 月 7 日，超过一万人参加了在南京仙林举行的迷你马拉松比赛【 解答 】 答案：B根据设空处后面的时间“May 7，2017“可知句子中的时间状语是“2017 年 5 月 7 日“，这个时间具体到某一天，用介词 onfor+时间段；at+时间点； in+年、月、季节等；on+具体的某一天或某一天的上午/下午/晚上故选 B【 点评 】 英语介词的一个特点是一词多义，并且介词间语义交叉现象很多，习惯用法也很多，有时很难从词义上区分开来故学习中要注意不断

5、总结，熟记一些介词和动词的固定搭配用法及习惯用法，是完成此类问题的捷径4. I go swimming every day. Wow! Thats a good _. It keeps you healthy. A. march B. task C. habit D. dream【 分析 】 -我每天都去游泳-哇，那是一个好习惯它能让你的身体保持健康【 解答 】 答案：C考查名词词义辨析句意：-我每天都去游泳-哇，那是一个好习惯它能让你的身体保持健康march 进行曲；task 工作；habit 习惯；dream 梦想根据题干 I go swimming every dayIt keeps y

6、ou healthy 我每天都去游泳它能让你的身体保持健康可知应说那是一个好习惯故选 C【 点评 】 理解各个选项的含义，及其用法的区别，根据具体内容作答5. Excuse me, but c an you tell me where the nearest bank is?Just _ going for two more blocks and youll see it. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. keeps【 分析 】 -对不起，你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？-再继续走两个街区，你就会看到的【 解答 】 答案：A根据 Just _ going for

7、 two more blocks and youll see it，可知动词位于句首，这是一种表示一种建议的句子，所以句子是一个肯定祈使句，其构成是：动词原形+其他结合语境，“继续走过两个街区“是 keep going for two more blocks；故选 A【 点评 】 在做题时首先找出考点（肯定祈使句），然后再掌握用法（动词原形+其他）；固定结构（take notes）；再结合题干做出正确的选择6. Did Alice tell you _ to get to the station?Yes, she said we would meet there at ten. A. how

8、B. what C. when D. where【 分析 】 Alice 告诉过你什么时候到达车站吗？是的，她说我们将在 10 点在那里见面【 解答 】 答案：C 根据后文的回答 we would meet there at ten 我们将在 10 点在那里见面，推测上文询问的是时间，用疑问词 when，故选 CA 怎样；B 什么；D 哪里【 点评 】 特殊疑问代词，如 what，which，whose，who，whom疑问代词在句中可作主语、宾语和定语、表语特殊疑问副词，如 when，where，why，how，how many，how much，how old，how often，等等wh

9、en 在句中作时间状语，where 作地点状语，why 作原因状语，how作方式状语，等等7. Who threw the empty bottles on the floor? I dont know. Theyre not _. Ask Max, please. A. I B. me C. my D. mine【 分析 】 -谁把空瓶子扔在地板上？-我不知道它们不是我的请问问马克斯吧【 解答 】 答案：D考查物主代词句意：-谁把空瓶子扔在地板上？-我不知道它们不是我的请问问马克斯吧I 我，主格me 我，宾格my 我的，形容词性物主代词mine 我的，名词性物主代词根据回答 Theyre n

10、ot，Ask Max，please可知空后面没有名词，所以应该用名词性物主代词故选 D【 点评 】 理解各个选项的含义，及其用法的区别，根据具体内容作答8. Linda and Kitty will go to Greenery Theme Park by _ next Sunday. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves【 分析 】 Linda 和 Kitty 下周日将去绿色主题公园【 解答 】 答案：D 根据 Linda and Kitty will go to Greenery Theme Park Linda 和 Kitty下周日将去绿色主题公园

11、，空格前有介词 by，结合选项，本题考查 by+反身代词，意思是某人自己，由于主语是两人，故用复数 themselves，答案是 D【 点评 】 反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词它的基本含义是：通过反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性质、数上保持一致比如：我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己等这就是反身代词9. Millie, _ do you take the course in DIY?Every Saturday afternoon. A. how long B. how far C. how much D.

12、how often【 分析 】 Millie，你多久上一次 DIY 课？-每个星期六下午【 解答 】 答案：D考查频度句意：Millie，你多久上一次 DIY 课？-每个星期六下午how long 多久，提问一段时间；how far 多远，提问距离；how much 多少，提问数量；how often 多久一次，提问频率根据题干 Every Saturday afternoon 每个星期六下午可知问的是频率，所以应说 Millie，你多久上一次 DIY 课？故选 D【 点评 】 理解各个选项的含义，及其用法的区别，根据具体内容作答10. Would you like some green te

13、a?No, thanks. I _ drink green tea. It hurts my stomach. A. almost B. seldom C. only D. still【 分析 】 -你想喝一些绿茶吗？-不，谢谢我很少喝绿茶它伤我的胃【 解答 】 答案：B考查副词词义辨析句意：-你想喝一些绿茶吗？-不，谢谢我很少喝绿茶它伤我的胃almost 几乎、差不多seldom 很少only 仅仅、只still 仍然、还根据回答 No，thanks 不，谢谢It hurts my stomach 它伤我的胃可知应该是我很少喝绿茶故选 B【 点评 】 理解各个选项的含义，及其用法的区别，根据

14、具体内容作答11. When did the classroom have a power cut?This morning, while we _ a physics lesson. A. have had B. were having C. are having D. will have【 分析 】 -你的教室什么时候停电的？-今天早上，当我们正在上物理课的时候【 解答 】 答案：B结合 This morning，while we _ a physics lesson 可知表达的是过去进行时 was/were+doing，主语 we，故 were，故答案是 B【 点评 】 概念和用法：过去

15、进行时表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态其形式为 主语+was/were+V-ing常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night，last Saturday 等；或者与 when，while，as 引导的过去时间状语连用例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视What was he researching all day last Sunday？上周日他一整天都在研究什么？12. Give me a chance, _ Ill prove it to you.A

16、. and B. till C. though D. while来源:学科网【 分析 】 给我一个机会，我会证明给你看【 解答 】 答案：A考查连词and 和，表示并列关系；till 直到；though 虽然，尽管；while 当时候结合句子“给我一个机会，我会证明给你看“，在祈使句后，常用 and 连接一个简单句，表示条件与结果的关系，它们在语法上是并列关系，但在意义上却是主从关系，也可译为“如果就“，故选 A【 点评 】 连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法13. We cant enter the room. I cant find

17、 my key. Is it possible that you _ it at home?A. left B. fixed C. managed D. designed【 分析 】 -我们不能进入房间，我找不到我的钥匙-有可能你把它落家里了【 解答 】 答案：A考查动词词义辨析句意：-我们不能进入房间，我找不到我的钥匙-有可能你把它落家里了left 是 leave 遗忘带的过去式fix 修理manage 管理design 设计根据第一句 We cant enter the roomI cant find my key我们不能进入房间，我找不到我的钥匙分析题干意思应为有可能你把它落家里了结合选

18、项只有 A 符合题意故选 A【 点评 】 理解各个选项的含义，及其用法的区别，根据具体内容作答14. How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence?A. Amy said “If it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.”B. Amy said “if it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.”C. Amy said, if it rains tomorrow, well stay at home. D. Amy said,

19、 “If it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.”【 分析 】 如何在下列句子中添加正确的标点符号艾米说：“如果明天下雨，我们将呆在家里“【 解答 】 答案：D考查英文常识句意：如何在下列句子中添加正确的标点符号艾米说：“如果明天下雨，我们将呆在家里“根据题干 How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence？如何在下列句子中添加正确的标点符号可知 Amy said，艾米说，不是完整的一句话用逗号，“If it rains tomorrow，well stay

20、 at home“如果明天下雨，我们将呆在家里“表示某人说的原话，用双引号故选D【 点评 】 掌握标点符号的一些用法，根据具体内容作答15. Hello, Helen! Can I see Mr Smith?_. Ill tell him you are here. A. Never mind B. It sounds like fun C. Just a minute D. Sorry to hear that【 分析 】 -你好，海伦我可以见到史密斯先生吗？-稍等片刻我会告诉他你在这【 解答 】 答案：C考查常用日常交际用语句意：-你好，海伦我可以见到史密斯先生吗？-稍等片刻我会告诉他你在

21、这Never mind 意为“不用担心；没关系“；It sounds like fun 它听起来很有趣；Just a minute 意为“稍等片刻“Sorry to hear that 听到这个消息真难过根据题干 Hello，Helen!Can I see Mr Smith？Ill tell him you are here你好，海伦我可以见到史密斯先生吗？我会告诉他你在这可知应说稍等片刻故选 C【 点评 】 理解各个选项的含义，根据上下文的语境进行作答二、完形填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳

22、选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。You and your family are planning a picnic for tomorrow. But you want to 16 the weather forecast (预报) first to see whether there will be rain or not. Your father turns on the television and the family listens to the l 7 make the weather report. “It will be partly cloudy tomorrow mornin

23、g, 18 clearing by early afternoon. The high tomorrow will be 85.”As there will be no rain, the whole family feels 19 . Without the weather forecast, you would not know this, and you would just have to take your chances. But now, you can plan your picnic 20 worrying whether it will rain or not. The m

24、an you can thank for this is Cleveland Abbe. He is known as the father of the weather bureau. He was the first person to publish 21 weather forecasts in the United States. Abbe began his daily weather bulletins (简报) in 1869. They were based on weather 22 he drew from telegraphed reports of weather c

25、onditions. Because of their accuracy (准确), the reports were 23 . Congress (国会) became 24 in Abbes weather reports. They made Abbe a meteorologist (someone who studies weather conditions), and he 25 issuing (发布) forecasts three times a day. He was the first official forecaster of the U.S. Weather Ser

26、vice. Because he often forecast probable storms, Abbe earned the nickname of “Old Probabilities.”16. A. produce B. spread C. check D. organize17. A. fireman B. postman C. fisherman D. weatherman18. A. so B. but C. after D. because19. A. happy B. worried C. stressed D. curious20. A. about B. without

27、C. against D. from21. A. online B. polluted C. daily D. indoor22. A. maps B. stations C. space D. centres23. A. strange B. popular C. terrible D. useless24. A. successful B. similar C. bored D. interested25. A. avoided B. began C. minded D. risked【 分析 】 文章讲述了大家出门前都要核实一下天气预报是否会影响出行，由此说明了天气预报的重要性这些都要感

28、谢天气预报之父克利夫兰阿贝，他是美国第一个发表气象预报的人，文章介绍了他的一些成就【 解答 】 16C，考查动词，Aproduce 生产 Bspread 传播 Ccheck 检查 Dorganize组织，根据后文 to see whether there will be rain or not 看看是否有雨，可知字外出前是想“核实“一下是否下雨，故选 C17D，考查名词，Afireman 消防员 Bpostman 邮递员 Cfisherman 渔民Dweatherman 天预报员，根据后文播报 the weather report 进行天气预报，可知是“天气预报员“播报天气预报，故选 D18B

29、，考查连词，Aso 因此 Bbut 但是 Cafter 在之后 Dbecause 因为，根据前文It will be partly cloudy tomorrow morning 早晨局部地区多云，后文 clearing by early afternoon 下午放晴，可知前后转折关系，故选 B19A，考查形容词，Ahappy 开心的 Bworried 担心的 Cstressed 紧张的 Dcurious好奇的，根据前文 As there will be no rain，the whole family feels若没有雨，一家人都是感觉，根据语境，没有雨就不会影响出游了，可知大家是“开心的“

30、，故选 A20B，考查介词，Aabout 关于 Bwithout 没有 Cagainst 反对 Dfrom 从，根据前文 Without the weather forecast，you would not know this 没有天气预报，就不会知道天气状况，通过 but 转折，结合 whether it will rain or not 是否下雨，可知以前担心会下雨，但是现在“不必“担心了，故选 B21C，考查形容词，Aonline 在线的 Bpolluted 受污染的 Cdaily 日常的 Dindoor户内的，根据 Abbe began his daily weather bullet

31、ins （简报） in 1869，阿贝在 1869年开始他的日常的天气预报，可知此处也是说的“日常“天气预报，故选 C22A，考查名词，Amaps 地图 Bstations 状况 Cspace 空间 Dcentres 中心，根据They were based on 他们以为基础，结合 he drew from telegraphed reports of weather conditions 他从天气状况的报告中获取的，推出获取的是天气“地图“，题意是每天的天气预报以天气“地图“为基础，结合选项，maps 符合题意，故选 A23B，考查形容词，Astrange 奇怪 Bpopular 受欢迎

32、Cterrible 可怕 Duseless 除非，根据 Because of their accuracy （准确），因为它们的准确性，可推出这是“受欢迎“的，故选 B24D，考查形容词，Asuccessful 成功的 Bsimilar 相似的 Cbored 无聊的 Dinterested 感兴趣的，根据 They made Abbe a meteorologist 他们让他成为了气象学者，可知国会是对阿贝的天气预报“感兴趣的“，结合选项，interested 符合题意，故选 D25B，考查动词，Aavoided 避免 Bbegan 开始 Cminded 介意 Drisked 冒险，根据语境，

33、国会让他研究天气预报，于是他“开始“一天发布三次天气预报，结合选项，只有began 符合题意，故选 B三、阅读理解 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A26. The note told Greg his mother was _.A. not at homeB. in the gardenC. washing the dog D. making afternoon tea 27. What did Greg have to do in his room? A. Wash

34、 his uniform.B. Feed the pets. C. Have a rest. D. Make it tidy. 28. What did Gregs mother ask him to do first? A. Go outside. B. Brush the cat. C. Have afternoon tea. D. Change his clothes. Alum【 分析 】 文章大意：本文是一留言条，告诉 Greg 他妈妈做什么去了，她要求 Greg 做一些事情，包括做家务，给家里的宠物洗澡，喝下午茶，外出活动等【 解答 】 26答案：A细节理解题由文中“I have

35、gone next door我去邻居家了“，可知，妈妈不在家故选 A27答案：D细节理解题由文中“Clean up your room 打扫你的房间“，可知，要让房间变得整洁故选 D28答案：A细节理解题由文中“BUT BEFORE you do ANY of thesego outside into the garden 但在你做这些之前，先到花园外面去“，可知，先到花园外面去，故选 A【 点评 】 本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案BJ

36、ust like a car engine needs petrol(汽油), your body needs fuel(燃料;养料). It needs food! The things you eat and drink are turned into energy. You need energy for everythingplaying, walking, running, thinkingeven sleeping. Feeling hungry may mean you are running low on energy. If it is not mealtime, you m

37、ay need a snack to re-fuel. But what sort of snack should you eat? This is like choosing the right fuel for a car. Some cars, such as racing cars, need the best fuel to go fast and keep their engines running smoothl y. So, if you want to be at your most lively, choose the best fuel. This means eatin

38、g healthy snacks. There is no better way to keep your engine running smoothly!Healthy SnacksEat these often.Unhealthy SnacksEat these only sometimes.Nuts SeedsDried fruit Fresh vegetables Fresh fruitChips LolliesSoft drinks Chocolate barsBiscuits29. What does “It” mean in the underlined sentence “It

39、 needs food!”?A. Fuel. B. Petrol. C. Your body. D. A car engine. 30. When you are running low on energy, you may feel _. A. smooth B. hungry C. lively D. energetic31. The writer thinks it is better to _. A. eat chips and biscuits B. eat healthy snacks at mealti mesC. eat seeds than vegetables D. eat

40、 healthy sn acks between meals【 分析 】 文章大意：这是一篇说明文，主要介绍就像汽车引擎需要汽油，你的身体也需要食物！你吃喝的东西都变成了能量因此吃健康适当的食物，会保持身体平稳充满活力，作者列举了一些健康的食物和不健康的食物希望对你有帮助【 解答 】 29答案：C词义猜测题根据上句 your body needs fuel 你的身体需要养料，它需要食物可知，这里指你的身体选 C30答案：B细节理解题根据第四行 Feeling hungry may mean you are running low on energy感到饥饿可能意味着你精力不足可知，当你精力不足

41、时，你可能会感到饥饿选 B31答案：D细节理解题根据第四行 If it is not mealtime，you may need a snack to re-fuel如果不是吃饭的时候，你可能需要一个零食补充养料及最后一行 choose the best fuelThis means eating healthy snacksThere is no better way to keep your engine running smoothly!选择最好的养料这意味着吃健康的零食没有更好的方法让你的身体机能保持平稳！可知，作者认为在两餐之间吃健康零食比较好选 D【 点评 】 阅读题型，要注重句子

42、与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题CHere is an experiment (实验) to see how ants can organize some clever teamwork. Whats going on?You can see one of the best examples of insect teamwork by watching ants. If one ant finds food, it leads others there to eat it too. They follow each other by mak

43、ing long trails. The ants go back and forth collecting food, to take back to their nest (穴). When you move the fruit, the ants will still find it. But, instead of making a new direct route (路线) to the food, they will follow each other through their old trail route. 32. What will happen if one ant fi

44、nds food?A. The ant will eat all th e food. B. The ant will watch other ants. C. The ant will lead others to the food. D. The ant will wait until others come. 33. If the fruit is moved to a new position, the ants will _. A. rail to find it B. give up looking for itC. make a new direct route to it D.

45、 get to it through the old trail route34. Which is the correct order to do this experiment?a. Move the fruit to a new position. b. Find an ant. c. Check the fruit an hour later. d. Put a thin slice of fruit in front of the ant. A. a-b-c-d B. b-d-c-a C. d-b-c-a D. c-a-d-b35. What can we learn from this experiment?A. The experiment is done successfully in the lab. B. Ants do the experiment to show their team spirit. C. Careful watching does little help in this experiment. D. We