安徽教师招聘考试英语语法知识汇总六
《安徽教师招聘考试英语语法知识汇总六》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《安徽教师招聘考试英语语法知识汇总六(9页珍藏版)》请在七七文库上搜索。
1、2019 安徽教师招聘考试英语语法知识汇总六主语:(1)由名词、代词( 人称代词用主格) 、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的,主语是句子陈述的对象,说明是谁或什么,表示句子说的是“什么人”,或”什么事“,如“ 我写字”中的“我” ,做出写字这个动作。 “写”则是谓语, “字” 是宾语,是接受谓语“写”这个动作的对象,因此是宾语。如:The painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。) / To see is to belie
2、ve. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。)(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用 it 代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。如:It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey. (在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。) / Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的
3、身体不利。)(比较好看,避免头重脚轻)(3)口语中常见主语或“主- 系”省略:(It is) nothing. (那)没有什么。)/ (It) doesnt matter. (那)没有关系。) / (I) thank you. (我)谢谢你。)(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词:The man looks worried, doesnt he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗?) / Tigers are dangerous animals, arent they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗?)(5)祈使句一般省略主语。加主语时往往用来指定某个人。 Keep the keyboards cl
4、ean, children. (孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。) (省略了主语) / You go there and fetch me a glass of water. (你去给我弄一杯水来。)(6)主语一般在句首,但在问句中会处于第二位和句尾;倒 装句及 there be 句型主语在动词之后。如:Computers are made in this factory. (计算机生产于这家工厂。) / Where are they? (他们在哪儿?) / Does the boy like staying home? (这个男孩喜欢呆在家里吗? )(7)主语与谓语必须保持单、复数的一致, 而谓语与
5、表语或宾语之间没有这一要求。Neither Jim nor Rose has passed the exam. (Jim 和 Rose 都没有通过考试。) / The Chinese people are a hardworking and brave people. (中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。)(8)主语可以由从句充当,详见“主语 从句”。2、谓语:是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么”, “是什么”或“ 怎么样”,在主语后接宾语,又称受词,是一个动作的接受者。(师出教育,专注安徽教师考编)(1)由“不及物动词” 、 “及物动词+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的
6、人物“干什么”或“怎么样” 。如:He travelled in space for the first time .(他首次在太空旅行。) / Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) / The pizza has gone bad. (那块烤馅饼已经变坏。) / (2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,谓语动词往往由下列词语依序排列构成:情态动词+时态助动词 (现在完成时)+语态助动词 (如被动语态)+主要动词(不一定全部出现)。( 见动词的时态和 语态构 成表) 记住:谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。如:(3)谓语动词切忌
7、用“行为动词 1 + 原形动词”、 “be + 原形动词”。记住使用下列正确形式:情态动词+原形动词。如:Youd better go over the lesson.(你最好复习这一课。 )shall/ will/ would+原形动词。如:They should have been there once.(他们应该去过那儿。)be+现在分词或者过去分词。如:What are you doing this evening?(今晚你打算做什么?)-表示一般将来时/ Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(自从 20 世纪 70 年代大批树木被砍伐。
8、 )have+过去分词。如: Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(意思同上)一般时问句和否定句中:do/does/did+原形动词。如:He does not enjoy himself very much.(他日子过的不好。 )/ Did any of you see dinosaur eggs?(你们当中有谁见过恐龙蛋吗?)行为动词 1+行为动词 2 (不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词等形式)。如:He made up his mind to be a vet.(他拿定主意要做个兽医。 )/ Feeling good about your
9、self is essential to feeling good about life.(自尊自爱是享受生活的根本。 ) / They wake up the other family members, calling,“Merry Christmas!”(他们叫醒家庭的其他成员 ,呼喊着:圣诞快乐!)/ The kings of ancient Egypt had strong tombs built for themselves.(古代的埃及国王让人给他们自己修建坚固的坟墓。 ) (4)不可用形容词、名词、代词、副词、介词短语等独立作谓语,必须在此之前加连系动词。(5)谓语动词单复数形式
10、:单数形式的动词有:is,was,has,does 以及“动词+s”;复数形式的动词有:are,were,have 以及动词原形。其他动词不分单、复数。记住:主语、谓语单复数必须保持一致。 (参见“ 4、名词 或代词 作主 语时和 谓语之间的单复数的一致问题:”) Air and water is necessary to us all.(空气和水对于我们大家是必不可少的。)(6)一般问句和反意问句的回答不使用行为动词,应该使用 “是” 动词、情态动词、助动词(be,will,have,do 以及变形)。如 :The Olympic Games is held every other year
11、, isnt it? -Yes, it is.(奥运会每两年举办一次,是吗?-是的。)3、宾语:又称受词,是指一个动作(动词)的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类,其中直接宾语(经常指被做的人)指动作的直接对象,间接宾语说明动作的非直接,但受动作影响的对象。一般而言,及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语,而该宾语通常为直接宾语,有些及物动词要求两个宾语,则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语,另一个为间接宾语。(1) 由名词、代词(人称代词要用宾格 )、不定式、动名词、(宾语) 从句充当,表示动作的承受者是“谁”或者是“ 何物”。如: The angel also came to Joseph and
12、told him the same thing.(那个天使同样来到约瑟夫面前并且告诉他同样的事情。)(代词和名词充当两个宾语 ) / He told me that the company could not afford to pay him so much money.(他告诉我说公司付不起他那么多的钱。) (不定式作宾语) / They enjoy watching football games so much that they often forget their lessons. (他们如此喜爱看足球以至于常常忘记了他们的功课。) (动名词作宾语) / I think to be
13、a childrens doctor is very rewarding.(我认为当个儿童医生是很值得的。) ( 从句作宾语) (2) 只有及物动词或介词才有宾语,不及物动词没有宾语,如果涉及到事物,则必须在不及物动词后面加合适的介词。Listen to the radio. (listen 不是及物动词,故加 to。) / Can you hear anything exciting?(你能听到什么令人兴奋的消息吗?) (3) 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词的后面,但是在疑问句中,如果宾语是疑问词,则宾语要放在句首。介词的宾语如果是疑问词,则可以放在介词后或句首。如:What did he se
14、e? (他看见了什么?) / What does he write a letter with? (他用什么写的信?) / With what does he write a letter? (他用什么写的信?)(4)“动词+副词 +宾语” 结构中, 如果宾语是代词,则代词必须放在 “动”“副”之间。如:Please put the shoes away. (请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put away the shoes. (请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put them away. (请把它们收起来。)(5) 动词后面跟双宾语时可以采用两种结构:动词+间接宾语(人)+直接
15、宾语(物)。如:He often gives me some help. (他常常帮我。)动词+直接宾语+ 介词+间接宾语。注意 ,一般情况介词用 to,但动词是 make, buy, borrow 时,介词用 for.如: Please make me a kite. (请给我做个风筝。)或 Please make a kite for me.(6) 在 “动词 +宾语+宾补”结构中,如果宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句,则常用 it 做形式宾语,而将实际的宾语移到补语后面去。如:I found the job rather difficult. (我发觉这个工作相当难做。) / I foun
16、d it rather difficult to do the job.(7) 宾语可以由从句充当,详见“宾语 从句”。(师出教育,专注安徽教师考编)4、表语:(1) 说明主语的身份、性质、状况等含义的成分,通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、代词等充当。如:He became a doctor after he left high school.(高中毕业他当上了医生。) / The rubber wheels are over there.(橡胶轮子在那边。) / He does not feel like eating anything today because he has caug
17、ht a bad cold.(他今天不想吃任何东西因为他得了重感冒。) / Who is it?(谁呀?)(2) 表语只能放在连系动词(如: be,look,become,turn get,grow,feel,seem) 之后,对表语进行提问的句子除外。(3) 代词做表语一般用主格,口语中常用宾。如:Its I. (Its me.)是我。(4) 只能作表语的形容词有:sorry,afraid,alone,asleep,awake,ill,well,sure,interested 等等。He was terribly sorry for his carelessness.(他很为他的粗心而歉疚。
18、) / Please make no noise here; the baby is asleep.(请不要发出响动,婴儿正熟睡呢。) / I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!(我只是对独坐孤舟无所事事感兴趣。) / I am not alone in thinking so.(并非只有我才这样想的。 )(5) 表语也可以由从句充当,详见“表语 从句”。5、定语:(1) 修饰名词或代词的成分,常由形容词、名词( 含所有格)、代词(物主、指示、疑问、不定) 、介词短语、不定式(短语)充当,在初三阶段
19、还学习了定语从句做定语的知识。如: Put it in the top drawer.(把它放在最上层的抽屉里。) / France and Switzerland are European countries. (法国和瑞士是欧洲国家。) / His mother and father are both college teachers.(他的父母都是大学教师。) / This is the day that I can never forget in my life.(这是我一辈子难忘的日子。)(3) 时间副词(now,then,today,yesterday,.)、地点副词(here,t
20、here,back,in,out,home,.作定语时放在被修饰的名词后面。如:I could not find my way out, so I stayed there all along. (我找不到出去的路,所以就一直呆在那儿。)(4) 介词短语修饰名词时只能放在名词的后面:The monkey in the cage was caught yesterday. (笼子里的猴子是昨天逮着的。)(5) 形容词修饰复合不定代词时,往往后置。如:He remembered everything unusual. (他记得所有不寻常的事情。)(6) 定语还可以用从句充当,详见 定语 从句。(
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 安徽 教师 招聘 考试 英语语法 知识 汇总
链接地址:https://www.77wenku.com/p-50762.html