译林（皖湘）版高中英语必修五：Ｕnit 1 Part Ⅰ精致讲义（含答案）

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1、Unit 1 Getting along with others每一位人的生活都与其他人息息相关。那么，如何才能与他人和平相处呢？文章给出了几条行之有效的建议。Everyone knows that our life is connected with others.So we should learn to communicate with the people around us. But not everyone is getting along well with others without troubles.Id like to make some suggestions for

2、this topic how to get along well with others.In my opinion，we should always bear it in mind that any good relationship is based on mutual(相互的) understanding，trust and respect.If we can respect others，we are friendly with others and treat others sincerely，I think we can win others hearts，gain others

3、respects and build up friendship gradually.In my real life， I can easily find that some people have very good terms with others. They are quite popular with their classmates or colleagues.I think the secret should be attributed to their enthusiasm and optimism.There is no doubt that a person who is

4、ready to help others and to bring joy to others is always welcome.Maybe sometimes，they could not really help out，but their willingness to help and their optimistic attitudes towards life move us to such an extent that we are pleased to be in contact with them. The last point Id like to mention is th

5、at being broadminded is also very important. If a person is narrowminded，or unable to tolerate others，this person is unlikely to gain popularity. Being broad minded means that a person should be kind to others，he should be good at putting up with others faults，and he knows how to appreciate others.

6、Otherwise，this person can not get along well with others.词海拾贝1.be connected with 与有联系municate with sb 与某人交流3.get along well with sb 与某人相处得好4.be based on 以为基础5.build up friendship 建立友谊6.be attributed to 归因于7.be in contact with 跟有联系8.be kind to 对友好9.be good at 擅长Part Welcome to the unit & Reading.重点单词

7、1.betray vt.出卖，背叛2.pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作3.swear vt.&vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话4.forgive vt.原谅，宽恕5.focus vi.& vt.集中注意力于；(使) 聚焦 n.焦点；重点6.guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的7.remark n.& vi.评论，谈论8.awkward adj.令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的9.sensitive adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的10.blame vt.责备，指责n.(坏事或错事的)责任11.envy vt.& n.羡慕，忌妒12.cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快

8、的 cheer v.(为)欢呼，喝彩13.admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳admission n.承认；招供；准许进入，加入权14.beg vt.& vi.请求，恳求；乞讨beggar n.乞丐15.cruel adj.残酷的，残忍的 cruelty n.残忍，凶残16.argue vi.争吵，争论argument n.争吵；争论17.apologize vi.道歉apology n.道歉18.athletic adj.擅长运动的；健壮的athlete n.运动员.核心短语1.get along/on with 与相处2.stare at sb 盯着某人3.feel like

9、crying 想哭4.spy on sb 窥探某人5.be determined to do sth 决心干某事6.keep pace with 与步调一致7.as a result of 由于，因为8.cant help doing sth 情不自禁地做某事，禁不住干某事9.belong to 属于10.before long 不久，很快11.keep ones promise 守信；信守诺言12.apologize to sb 向某人道歉.经典句式1.I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz，saying how eas

10、y it was and how I was sure to get a good grade.小测验之后，我说起话来听上去一定洋洋自得，说它实在太简单了，我肯定能取得好成绩。2.I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah and told her we werent going to be friends any more because she couldnt keep her word.我非常生气，径直走到汉娜跟前，告诉她我们不再是朋友了，因为她不能信守承诺。3.Football is very important to me，but so

11、 is our friendship.足球对我来说很重要，但我们的友谊也同等重要。1.联想记单词他把头向前(pre)伸(tend)，假装(pretend)在看书pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作发布广告(ad)的麻省理工学院 (MIT)说你已经被录取(admit)了admit vt.&vi.承认；允许进入，接纳小 s 穿着(wear)漂亮的衣服发誓(swear) swear vt .&vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话他再次(re)做标记(mark)，其实是为了写好一篇评论(remark) remark n.& vi.评论，谈论2.名词动用spy n.间谍vi.从事间谍活动；搜集

12、情报remark n.评论，谈论vi.评论，谈论quarrel n.争吵，争执vi.争吵，争执3.以ful，y，tive 结尾的形容词cheer n.愉快，欢呼；v.(使)快活，( 对)欢呼cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的guilt n.罪行，内疚guilty adj .内疚的；有罪的sense n.官能；感觉；判断力sensitive adj.易生气的；敏感的；体贴的4.以ty，ment ，y， ance 结尾的名词admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳admittance n.(正式) 进入权cruel adj.伤人的；残酷的，残忍的 cruelty n.残忍

13、，残酷argue vi.争吵，争论argument n.争论，辩论；论据，论点apologize vi.道歉apology n.道歉阅读清障betray/bItreI/vt.出卖，背叛primary adj.初步的，初级的；第一位的，主要的 primary school 小学fun n.U乐趣不能和不定冠词 a/an 连用。academic adj.优秀的；学术的；空谈的we like it that way 中 that way 作方式状语，it 不具体指代某一事物，而是一种模糊指代。surprise n.惊奇，吃惊(此处为名词作定语 )作定语的名词往往说明中心词的材料、内容、类别等，一般用

14、单数形式(sport 除外，如 a sports meet)。quiz/kwIz/n.小测验have a quiz 进行测验must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。现在分词短语作伴随状语；saying 后是两个宾语从句。ashamed adj.感到羞耻的(常作表语)stupid adj.笨的，愚蠢的fail 可作及物动词用，表示“不及格，未能通过” 。afterwards adv.然后，后来pretend/prItend/vi.& vt.假装pretend to do sth 假装做某事cheerful/tIfl/adj.愉快的，高兴的sense vt.感觉到，意识到wa

15、shroom/wrum/n.洗手间，厕所admit/dmIt/vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳admit (doing) sth 承认(做了)某事how 引导的宾语从句。be admitted to/into 被准许进入beg/be/vt.& vi.请求，恳求；乞讨beg sb(not)to do sth 乞求某人( 不)做某事 keep ones secret 保守秘密stare at 凝视，盯住be shocked to do sth 做某事很震惊“写着 ”应用 say 或 read 表达，不能根据汉语意思用 write。feel like 后跟 doing，表示“想做” 。 21 s

16、traight adv.直接地，径直 adj.直的，率真的 22 keep ones word “信守诺言” ，相当于 keep ones promise。 23 swear/swe(r)/vt.& vi.发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话 24 spy on 暗中监视，窥探 25 spy/spaI/vi.从事间谍活动，搜集情报；n.间谍truly/trulI/adv.真诚地，诚恳地 26 forgive/fIv/vt.原谅，宽恕 27 sincerely /sInsIlI/adv.真诚地 28 Yours sincerely 是书信结束语，常见的书信结束语还有：Yours lovely，Yours

17、 truly。,原文呈现Secrets and liesDear AnnieI feel betrayed by my friend Hannah.We have been best friends since primary school and spend almost every day with each other.Sometimes，other children say we are no fun because we are both very academic and like to study，but we like it that way.We are both very

18、hardworking and always get good grades at school.On Monday，we had a surprise math quiz .I thought it was quite easy and was not worried about the results.I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz，saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade.The next day after class，my

19、math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class！I felt so ashamed ；I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz!Afterwards ， I pretendedto be cheerful，but Hannah sensedsomething was wrong.We went to wash our hands in the girls washroom before lunch and I admitted how badly I had

20、done.I begged her not to tell anyone else，and she said she would keep my secret .However，the next day，I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class and，when I went to sit down，I was shocked to finda piece of paper on my desk that said， Stupid Sarah got a D！ I was so upset

21、 that I felt like crying.I thought that 21 Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to.Everyone must have been laughing behind my back!I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah and told her we werent going to be friends 22 any more because she couldnt keep her word

22、.She was really upset and swore that she 23 24 hadnt told anyone.However， the only people who see our grades are the teacher and the students that the grades belong to.She said that someone must have been spying on us in the 25 washroom，but I didnt believe her explanation.I dont think I can ever tru

23、ly forgive 26 27 her.Now Ive lost my best friend.What shall I do?Yours sincerely28 Sarah,课文译文秘密和谎言亲爱的安妮：我觉得我的朋友汉娜背叛了我。从小学起我俩就是最好的朋友，几乎每天都在一起。因为我们成绩好，喜爱学习，其他同学有时会说我们俩没趣，但我们喜欢那样。我们都很用功，成绩在学校一直很优秀。星期一那天，我们进行了一次突袭性的数学小测验。我以为它非常简单，一点也不担心考试成绩。小测验之后，我说起话来听上去一定洋洋自得，说它实在太简单了，我肯定能取得好成绩。第二天下课后，我的数学老师告诉我，我得了全班最

24、低分！我感到非常羞愧，这么简单的数学小测验没能及格，我真是笨极了！后来，我假装很开心，但汉娜还是觉察到哪儿有点不对劲。午餐前，我们一起去女生洗手间时，我承认我考得有多么糟糕。我求她不要告诉别人，她说她会替我保守秘密。但是第二天，当我走进数学课教室时，我注意到同学们在盯着我看。当我坐下时，我惊讶地发现桌子上有一张纸，上面写着：“笨蛋萨拉得了 D 等！”我难过得想哭。我想汉娜一定是在答应过我不会告诉任何人之后将我的成绩告诉了同学们。大家一定都在背后嘲笑我！我非常生气，径直走到汉娜跟前，告诉她我们不再是朋友了，因为她不能信守诺言。她很不安，发誓说她没有告诉任何人。但是，能看到成绩的人只有老师和学生自

25、己。她说一定是有人在洗手间偷听了我们的谈话，但我不相信她的解释。我想我永远也不会真正原谅她。现在，我失去了我最好的朋友。我该怎么办呢？你真诚的，萨拉in trouble 有麻烦，处于困境中childhood/taIldh d/n.童年，幼年since 短语通常与现在完成时连用。against prep.对抗，反对superb/su pb/adj.极佳的；卓越的focus/f ks/vi.& vt.集中注意力于focus. on.集中于be determined to do 下决心做keep pace with(与) 步调一致pace/peIs/n.速度；步伐；节奏as a result of

26、作为的结果；由于as a result 结果get annoyed 被惹恼，get done 是被动语态结构，表示“被，遭到” 。现在分词短语作伴随状语；say 后接两个宾语从句：在第二个宾语从句中，引导词 that 一般是不可省略的；第一个宾语从句中 if 引导了条件状语从句。as well as 像一样好manner/mn(r)/n.方式；态度，举止 in a . manner 以的方式turn into 变成horrible/hrbl/adj.极坏的，糟糕的；恐怖的，令人震惊的accuse vt.责备；控告accuse sb of(doing)sth 因(做)某事而指控/ 指责某人gui

27、lty/IltI/adj.内疚的( 后接 about/at)；有罪的(后接 of)cruel/krul/adj.伤人的；残酷的，残忍的 be cruel to 对残忍remark/rImk/n.& vi.评论，谈论make a remark 发表言论，做出评论dislike/dIslaIk/vt.不喜欢，厌恶dislike(doing)sth 不喜欢( 做)某事“so连系动词 be/助动词/ 情态动词主语”表示前面提到的肯定情况也适用于后者。argue/ju/vi.争吵，争论even thougheven if，意为 “尽管，即使” ，引导让步状语从句。awkward/kwd/adj.令人尴尬

28、的outgoing adj.外向的；友好的 21 he said 是定语从句，修饰 things，从句中作宾语的关系代词省略了。apologize/pldaIz/vi.道歉 22 apologize to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉instead of 在此相当于 in place of，意为“代替” 。 23 cannot help doing sth.忍不住/ 情不自禁做某事；I wonder if. 我想知道是否，if 从句为宾语从句。quarrel/kwrl/n.& vi.争吵，争执 24 quarrel with sb about/over sth 因某事同某人吵架sen

29、sitive/senstIv/adj.敏感的 25 be sensitive to 对敏感bitter adj.怀有怨恨的；苦的；痛苦的 26 athletic/letIk/adj.擅长运动的 27 A friendship in troubleDear AnnieMy name is Andrew.I am 17 years old and I have a problem.My best friend Matthew has stopped talking to me.We have been best friends since childhood and play together i

30、n the school football team.Last week，we had an important match against another school.The other team was superb and we really had to focus .I was determined to win ， but Matthew was playing badly.He could not keep pace with the game，and as a result of his careless playing we lost.Afterwards，I got re

31、ally angry with him，and I told him I thought he was not trying hard enough.He got annoyed ，saying it wasnt his fault if he couldnt play as well as me，and that I shouldnt talk to him in this manner.Then we both started shouting at each other and it turned into a horrible argument.He accused me of som

32、e really bad things just to hurt me.I feel really guilty because I made some cruel remarks too，but I dislike seeing our team lose.Football is very important to me，but so is our friendship.Since we argued，he hasnt spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class.Its really awkward.He is us

33、ually cheerful and outgoing ， but he has been really quiet and looks 21 sad.The things he said hurt me too，but he has not apologized to me.22 Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter, and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.I told my brother about th

34、e quarrel ，but he 23 24 said Matthew is just too sensitive and perhaps a little bitter because I am really athletic 25 26 27 and good at football，and that I had better find another friend.What should I do?Yours trulyAndrew陷入困境的友谊亲爱的安妮：我叫安德鲁。我 17 岁，碰到了一个难题。我最好的朋友马修已经停止跟我说话了。我们从小就是最好的朋友，一起在学校足球队踢球。上个星

35、期，我们与另一所学校进行了一场重要的比赛。另外一支球队很棒，我们必须集中精力。我下决心要赢得比赛，但马修踢得很糟糕。他跟不上比赛的节奏，由于他的漫不经心，我们输掉了比赛。后来，我非常生他的气，并告诉他说我觉得他没有尽全力。他被惹火了，说如果他的球技不如我好，那并不是他的错，还说我不该以这种方式和他说话。然后我们俩都开始冲着对方大喊大叫，结果我们的喊叫变成了可怕的争执。他指责我做了一些非常不好的事情，只是为了伤害我。我感到很内疚，因为我也说了一些残酷无情的话，但我不喜欢看到我们队输球。足球对我很重要，但我们的友谊也很重要。虽然我们在教室里是邻座，但自从吵架之后，他便没有和我说过话。这实在令人尴尬

36、。他通常快乐外向，但最近一直沉默寡言，看起来很难过。他说的那些话也伤害了我，但他并未向我道歉。昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我不禁想知道他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。我把吵架的事告诉了我哥哥，但他说马修只是太敏感，可能还有一点忌妒，因为我身强体壮，足球踢得很好。他说我最好另找一个朋友。我该怎么办呢？你真诚的，安德鲁.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1.What is the secret about in the first letter?A.Family problems. B.A test score.C.

37、Love affairs. D.Wrong doings.答案 B2.Sarah felt betrayed by her friend, Hannah，because she thought .A.Hannah had been her best friend since primary schoolB.Hannah was the only one who knew her markC.it was a secret between Hannah and herD.Hannah let out her secret答案 D3.According to Andrew，their team l

38、ost the football game because .A.the other team was superbB.Matthew was not as athletic as himC.Matthew was absentminded and carelessD.even Beckham couldnt always give a great performance答案 C4.What made Andrew think that the friendship between Matthew and him was in trouble?A.He saw Matthew talking

39、to another boy.B.They had a terrible fight after the match.C.Matthew hasnt apologized to him.D.He had better find another friend.答案 A.Fill in each blank with only one word according to the text.Writers Feelings Causes 1.ResultsFeeling 2.ashamedGetting the lowest 3.grade in the classBeing so 4.upset

40、as to feel like cryingFinding the paper saying， “5.Stupid Sarah got a D！”SarahFeeling betrayedThinking her best friend failed to keep her 6.wordGetting teased by everyoneBeing unable to 7.forgive HannahLosing her best friendBeing 8.angry with MatthewThinking Matthew played football 9.carelessly/badl

41、yFeeling 10.guilty Making some cruel remarksAndrewFeeling awkwardMatthews stopping talking to himHe broke up with Matthew.Matthew becomes quiet and looks sad.Analyse the following difficult sentences in the text.1.However，the next day，I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into ma

42、th class and，when I went to sit down，I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said， “Stupid Sarah got a D！”句式分析However，the next day，I noticedthat my classmates were staring at me宾 语 从 句as I came into math class时 间 状 语 从 句 and连 接 并 列 句 ，when I went to sit down时 间 状 语 从 句 ，I was shocked

43、to find a piece of paper原 因 状 语on my desk that said，“Stupid Sarah got a D！ ”定 语 从 句)尝试翻译 但是第二天，当我走进数学课教室时，我就注意到同学们都在盯着我。当我坐下的时候，我惊讶地发现自己的课桌上放着一张纸条，上面写着“笨蛋萨拉只得了个D！”2.However，the only people who see our grades are the teacher and the students that the grades belong to.句式分析 尝试翻译 然而，能看到分数的只有老师和得该分数的学生本人

44、。1.betray v.出卖，背叛，辜负，(无意中) 泄露信息，流露情感，泄露(机密) (教材 P2)I feel betrayed by my friend Hannah.我感觉被我的朋友汉娜出卖了。betray sb /sth (to sb)(向某人)出卖某人/泄露某事betray oneself 暴露出本来面目，原形毕露His expressions betrayed how happy he really was.他的表情说明他实际上是多么高兴。For years they had been betraying state secrets to Russia.多年来他们一直向俄罗斯泄露

45、国家机密。She was afraid of saying something that would make her betray herself(her).她害怕说话时露了自己的底。Nothing can make me betray my motherland.没有什么能使我背叛我的祖国。2.pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作(教材 P2)Afterwards，I pretended to be cheerful，but Hannah sensed something was wrong.后来，我假装很开心，但汉娜还是觉察到哪儿有点不对劲。pretend to be/do.

46、 假装是 /做pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事pretend that. 假装 Dont pretend to know(know)what you really dont know.不懂的东西就不要装懂。He pretended to be reading(read)when his mother came in.当他妈妈进来时他假装正在看书。He pretended to his family that everything was fine.他对家人佯称一切都好。名师点津 表示“假装没有做某事”时，否定词 not 要放在动词不定式的前面。3.admit vt

47、.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳(教材 P2)We went to wash our hands in the girls washroom before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done.午饭前我们一起去女洗手间洗手时，我承认了我(数学) 考得有多么差。admit (to sb)that. (向某人)承认 admit(doing/having done)sth 承认(做了) 某事be admitted to/into 被录取；被纳入Benjamin was forced to admit(admit) what he had been doi

48、ng.(2017浙江高考)本杰明被迫承认他一直做的事。She admitted having read(read)the letter.她承认已读过这封信了。It was lucky for him to be admitted to/into the university he had longed for.被梦寐以求的大学录取，他很幸运。名师点津 admit 后接动词的某种形式作宾语时，只能用动名词，而不用动词不定式。4.beg vt.& vi.请求，恳求，乞求；乞讨(教材 P2)I begged her not to tell anyone else，and she said she would keep my secret.我求她不要告诉别人，她说她会替我保密。(1)beg to do sth 恳求做某事beg sb(not)to do sth 恳求某人( 不要)做某事