（江苏专用）牛津译林版高中英语必修5：Unit3 Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage学案

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1、Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage.重点单词1 n职业，行业2 n突破3 adj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的n起源，起因；出身4 n判断力；看法，评价；(法律) 判决v判断，评价；n.裁判.重点短语1 结果证明2 准备就绪；把放回原处3 与相似4 弄明白；算出5 耗尽体力，累垮.重点句式1介词短语位于句首的倒装At the top of the school ，known as the brain.高居学校顶部的就是校长，就是众所周知的大脑。2always 与进行时连用He in his lab，trying to figure out a

2、ll the mysteries that make him puzzled.他总在实验室里工作，尽其所能的弄明白所有让他感到困惑的神秘事件。重点词汇1In my opinion，tight laws should be put in place to make cloning human beings illegal.在我看来，应当实施严格的法律，使得克隆人类是非法的。归纳拓展put.in place 准备就绪，布置妥当；把放回原处in place 在适当的位置out of place 不在恰当的位置，不合时宜take the place of 代替；取代语境助记(1)After you r

3、ead the book，please put it in place.书看完之后请你放回原处。(2)Here is a book to take the place of the one I lost.这儿有本书可替代我丢失的那一本。题组训练(1)我们刚刚搬进来，还需把一切放置妥当。We just moved in and still needed to .(2)你在那个时候笑出声来，是不应该的。It was for you to laugh at that time.(3)Injured in hand， the man found it difficult to hold the box

4、 in place.Athe；/ Bthe；theC/；/ Dhis ；the2He told me he had had a breakthrough.他告诉我他取得了一个突破。归纳拓展breakthrough n( 知识或技术领域的) 突破，重大进展have/make/achieve a breakthrough 取得突破break through 突破语境助记(1)To our joy，there are so many breakthroughs in science and technology all over the world in recent years.使我们高兴的是，最

5、近几年全世界在科学和技术方面有那么多的突破。(2)He has made/had a breakthrough in physics.他在物理方面取得了突破。题组训练(1)据说科学家们将在自然科学方面有突破。It is said that scientists will in natural science.(2)Scientists hope to soon in their fight against heart disease.Abreak up Bbreak outCbreak through Dbreak in3I think we should be cautious and us

6、e good judgement when making decisions about cloning.当我们做有关克隆的决定时，我认为我们应该慎重，并运用良好的判断力。归纳拓展(1)judgement n判断力；见识；看法，意见；判决，裁决in ones judgement 在某人看来make a judgement 作出判断(2)judging from/by 从看来语境助记(1)In my judgement，he is a very good football player.依我看，他是一个非常优秀的足球运动员。(2)He refused to make a judgement ab

7、out the situation.他拒绝对形势作出评价。题组训练(1)她把工作交给马克表明她缺乏判断力。She showed when she gave Mark the job.(2)从她上一封信看，她们过得非常愉快。her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.(3) the happy look on her face when she received the call，it must be good news.AJudged from BJudging fromCTo judge from DJudge from4Im total

8、ly burnt out.我完全累垮了。归纳拓展be/get burnt out 筋疲力尽，累垮burn out 耗尽体力，累垮；燃尽，烧光burn down 烧毁burn away 烧光，烧掉语境助记(1)He was burnt out after finishing the work.完成工作之后，他筋疲力尽了。(2)He let the fire burn itself out.他让火自己熄灭。题组训练(1)那座房子被闪电击中烧光了。That house was struck by lightning and .(2)油灯中一半的油已经烧掉了。Half the oil in the l

9、amp .(3)Lucy was completely after jogging in the hot sun all afternoon；she had little energy left.Akicked out Bburnt outChanded out Dput out经典句式1At the top of the school is the headmaster，known as the brain.高居学校顶部的是校长，就是众所周知的大脑。归纳拓展(1)此句是一个简单句。介词短语 at the top of the school 位于句首，句子要使用完全倒装结构；known as

10、the brain 为过去分词短语作后置定语。(2)在英语中，通常有以下几种情况需用完全倒装结构：简单句中如有介词短语放在句首，句子用倒装结构。当主语有较长的修饰成分，尤其是带有定语从句的时候，要用倒装结构。当句子以 there，here，now ，then，up，down ，out ，in 等副词开头，句子主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装的形式。句子谓语不用进行时态形式，如果要表示现在正在发生的动作，常用一般现在时表示。语境助记(1)Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil.我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了。(2)The door opened

11、 and in came the headmaster.门开了，校长进来了。(3)In front of the building stands a tall tree.在大楼前有一棵很高的树。题组训练(1)从前，这个山上住着一位老人。Once upon a time， an old man on the hill.(2)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ，one of the ten largest cities in China.Alies Chongqing BChongqing liesCdo

12、es lie Chongqing Ddoes Chongqing lie2He is always working in his lab，trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.他总在实验室里工作，尽其所能弄明白所有让他感到困惑的神秘事件。归纳拓展当 always 与进行时态连用时，表示反复发生的动作，有一定的感情色彩，如不满、抱怨、厌恶、赞赏等。语境助记(1)The boy is always crying.那男孩总哭。(2)He is always helping others.他常常帮助别人。题组训练(1)

13、我的同桌老是问我问题。My deskmate me questions.(2)I didnt like Aunt Lucy，who without warning and bringing us presents.Aalways turned upBhas always turned upCwas always turning upDwas always turned up.词形变换1None of us are (hope) and we all have the power within ourselves to recover.2I cant make that decision for

14、 you；you will have to use your (judge)3One of the (power) actions the government has taken is to knock down the (legal) buildings to restore the beauty of the city.4If you get asked (comfort) questions，theres always a polite way of refusing to answer.5The (origin) settlers are the Indians.完成句子6She (

15、总是炫耀 ) her knowledge in front of her classmates.7Just in front of our house (站着一棵高大的树) with a history of 1,000 years.8My job is (教英语)9 (依我看 )，all of them are to blame.10 (从他的话判断) ，he was very disappointed.单项填空11So absorbed in his work that not a sound .(2017徐州高二期中)Awas the president；did she dare to

16、makeBwas the president ；dared she to make Cthe president was；she dared make Dthe president was ；she did dare to make12The two Chinese scientists have made a great discovery，which makes a major in the basic research in the field.(2017泰州中学高二月考)Areform BapproachCboundary Dbreakthrough13Written in a hur

17、ry， .How can it be satisfactory？(2017 无锡江阴四校高二期中)Athey found many mistakes in the reportBSam made lots of mistakes in the reportCthere are many mistakes in the reportDthe report is full of mistakes14No judgement about the case until all the evidences have been carefully checked.Awill be made Bis mad

18、eCis being made Dhas been made15The poor woman had not slept all night and was completely .Aburnt out Breached outCwatched out Dturned out语法感知用所给动词的正确形式填空1.if I had the chance，I would have a (clone) baby right now.2I think the scientific advances (mention) in your article are interesting.3 (shock) b

19、y the article，the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper.4After the accident，they found the front windows (break)5When the cat found all fish gone，it felt (surprise)语法精析过去分词所表示的是一个被动的或者是已完成的动作，相当于一个形容词或副词。过去分词在句中可以充当定语、表语、状语或补足语。一、过去分词的语法功能1过去分词作定语单个分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前；分词短语作定语时，则要放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于定语从句。Mu

20、m threw away that broken cup.妈妈扔掉了那只破碎杯子。(broken 相当于一个形容词，作前置定语)The boy named Tom will come here tomorrow.叫汤姆的那个男孩明天就要来了。(named Tom 分词短语作后置定语相当于定语从句 who is named Tom)2过去分词作表语过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态，即主语是动作的承受者。My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams.我爷爷听说我通过了考试很高兴。We are moved by the story.我

21、们被这故事感动了。3过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其省略的主语(也称逻辑主语 )与主句的主语一致；既可以表示动作，也可以表示状态，并且，多数情况下与副词连用。(1)表时间Questioned about the murder，he came tense.(When he was questioned.)当被问到谋杀的事情时，他很紧张。(2)表让步Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.(Althou

22、gh they were beaten by.)虽然被对方打败了，但队员们没有泄气，而是更努力地训练。(3)表条件If bitten by a snake，you should ask for help and dont walk.(If you are bitten by a snake.)如果被蛇咬了，你应该呼救，并且不要动。(4)表原因Deeply moved，the villagers contributed their quilts to the army.(As they were deeply moved.)由于被深深地感动了，村民们纷纷向军队捐献被褥。(5)表方式或伴随She

23、walked out of the house，followed by her little daughter.她走出了屋子，后面跟着她的小女儿。(6)表结果I finally reached the finishing line bitterly exhausted.我终于跑到了终点，疲惫不堪。4过去分词作宾语补足语If you want to make yourself respected，you are above all to respect others.如果你想让自己被尊重，你首先要尊重别人。The boy found himself lost in the forest.那个男孩

24、发现自己在森林里迷路了。注意：由主动语态变为被动语态后原来的宾语补足语即成为主语补足语。The boy was found lost and couldnt find his way back.有人发现那个男孩迷路了并且找不到回去的路。5过去分词可以跟在 lie，stand，sit 后面表示状态。He lay shut in the room for two whole days.他被关在那个房间躺了两整天。二、过去分词与现在分词的区别句法作用 现在分词 过去分词表语 特征The news is encouraging.(主语具有鼓舞人的特点)状态Everybody is encouraged

25、.(主语受到鼓舞)特征I saw an exciting film.(电影使人感到激动)状态I saw the excited girl.(女孩感到激动)定语主动We respect working people.(people 是 work被动We pitied the beaten boy.(boy是 beat 的承受者)的执行者)进行It is a developing country.(develop 的动作正在进行)完成It is a developed country.(develop 的动作已经完成)特征I think the news shocking.(news 让人震惊)

26、状态I found them all shocked.(他们感到震惊)主动He heard someone crying.(someone 是 cry的执行者)被动We saw the driver punished.(司机是 punish 的承受者)宾补进行I watched her reading it.(read 的动作正在进行 )完成I found the door closed.(close的动作已经完成)主动Seeing me rise，he rose，too.(he 是 see 的执行者)被动Beaten，he felt disappointed.(he 是 beat 的承受者)

27、状语进行Carrying a box，he came into the room.(carry 的动作正在进行)完成Criticized unfairly，she left the office without saying a word.(criticize 的动作已经完成)题组训练用所给动词的正确形式填空1He is now talking with his mother， (try) to persuade her to allow him to go out.2My sister is now working in an international corporation， (know

28、) as 3M.3The cloning technology， (intend) to cure some diseases，is sometimes misused.4The old man lay (trap) under the building ruins for quite a long time.5With great efforts (focus) on the conservation project，the number of some rare animals is steadily increasing.6Yesterday a (retire) scientist g

29、ave us a lecture， who is now in his seventies.高考链接1In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message within the work.(2016江苏，28)Ato hide BhiddenChiding Dbeing hidden2 in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015重庆，6)ABeing raised BRaisingCRa

30、ised DTo raise3Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.(2015陕西，18)Ataking BtakenCtake Dbe taken4Video games can be a poor influence if in the wrong hands.(2015湖南，24)Ato leave BleavingCleave Dleft5The manager was satisfied to see ma

31、ny new products after great effort.(2014四川，5)Ahaving developed Bto developCdeveloped Ddevelop6Clearly and thoughtfully ，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.(2014天津，7)Awriting Bto writeCwritten Dbeing written7The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras

32、to our shop for quality problems.(2014重庆，5)Areturning BreturnedCto return Dto be returned8While waiting for the opportunity to get ，Henry did his best to perform his duty.(2014安徽，32)Apromote BpromotedCpromoting Dto promote答案精析基础自测.1.profession 2.breakthrough 3.original；origin4judgement；judge.1.turn

33、out 2.put.in place 3.be similar to4figure out 5.be/get burnt out.1.is the headmaster 2.is always working要点探究重点词汇1(1)put everything in place (2)out of place(3)A injure/hurt/beat/hit 等词后跟 sb.作宾语，表示某部位时加定冠词 the；in place 在适当的位置，准备就绪。2(1)make/have/achieve a breakthrough(2)C 句意为：科学家们希望能尽快在应对心脏病方面有所突破。brea

34、k up 分解，打断；break out 爆发，发生；break through 突破；break in 闯入，打断。3(1)a lack of judgement (2)Judging by/from(3)B judging from 根据来判断，是一种固定的表达方式。句意为：从她接电话的高兴的表情可以判断出一定有好消息。4(1)burnt down (2)had burnt away(3)B 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：露西在骄阳下跑了一下午之后累极了，几乎没力气了。be burnt out 耗尽体力，累垮。 经典句式1(1)there lived(2)A 考查倒装。表示方位的介词短语 at

35、 the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River 位于句首，故此处应该用完全倒装。2(1)is always asking(2)C always，often，constantly，forever ，all the time 等副词与现在(过去) 进行时连用，表示某种反复发生的动作，往往带有厌恶、不满、责备或赞扬等意味。当堂达标.1.hopeless 2.judgement 3.powerful；illegal4uncomfortable 5.original.6.is always showing off 7.stand

36、s a tall tree8to teach English/teaching English 9.In my judgement/opinion 10.Judging from what he said.11.A 考查倒装句。句意为：总统正全神贯注于他的工作，以至于她一点声音都不敢发出来。第一空是因为 so.that.句型中 soadj./adv.放在句首，用部分倒装；第二空是否定词或者半否定词放在句首，后面使用部分倒装。故 A 项正确。12D 考查名词词义辨析。reform 改革；approach 方式，方法；boundary 边界；breakthrough 突破。句意为：这两位中国科学家

37、做出的重大发现标志着在这个领域的基础研究的重大突破。故选 D。 13D written in a hurry 是过去分词形式作 the report 的定语，表示被动，所以选 D。14A 句意为：直到所有的证据都被仔细的检查后才能对这个案子做出判断。until 引导的时间状语从句用了现在完成时，所以主句用一般将来时，而且 judgement 和 make 是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知选 A。15A burn out 筋疲力尽； reach out 伸出手；watch out 当心；turn out 结果是。句意为：可怜的女人一个晚上都没有睡好，完全筋疲力尽了。选 A。语法专

38、题语法感知1cloned 2.mentioned 3.Shocked 4.broken 5.surprised语法精析1trying 2.known 3.intended 4.trapped 5.focused 6.retired高考链接1B 考查非谓语动词。句意为：在艺术评论中，你得假设艺术家藏了一个秘密信息在作品中。句中 message 与 hide 是被动关系，故要用过去分词作后置定语。2C 考查非谓语动词。句意为：生长在格拉斯哥最贫困的地区，他成为一名足球明星的道路漫长而艰难。raise 与句子的主语 he 是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此排除 B、D 两项；A项是现在分词的被动式，表示正在发

39、生，故排除 A 项。3B 考查非谓语动词。句意为：李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。此处是“see宾语宾语补足语 ”结构，his mother 与take good care of 之间是被动关系，故选 B 项。4D 考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果落在不合适的人的手中，电子游戏就会有一个很坏的影响。leave 的逻辑主语是 video games，它们之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词。if left.是“连词过去分词”构成的状语从句的省略。5C 考查非谓语动词。题干中含有“see 宾语宾语补足语 ”结构，develop 与宾语products 为动宾关系

40、，故使用过去分词作宾补。句意为：经理很满意地看到在做出巨大的努力之后，许多新产品被开发出来。6C 考查非谓语动词。句意为：这本书写作思路清晰且富有思想，在那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生中激发了自信心。write 与其逻辑主语 the book 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已经完成，故用过去分词作状语。7B 考查非谓语动词。句意为：厂商定期到我们店里回收因质量问题而被退的相机。camera 与 return 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成的动作。故选 B 项。8B 考查非谓语动词。句意为：当等待机会升职的时候，Henry 尽最大努力履行职责。这里使用了 get done 结构，表示被动关系，故选 B。