外研版英语必修四课件：Module 4 Grammar

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1、Grammar,The Passive Voice,What can you conclude from the following sentences from the text?,1. Rice is also grown in many other countries. 2. Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China. 3. As a boy he was educated in schools and was given a nickname 4. Researchers were brought in from all over C

2、hina,被动语态(Passive Voice)概述,读下面的句子, 总结各种时态被动语态的构成形式。,1. Our teachers are respected by us. 2. He will be beaten by me. 3. Paper was first invented in China. 4. They really have been poorly paid.,5. Production costs had been greatly reduced. 6. A new railway is being built. 7. The roads were being wide

3、ned.,am, is, are +过去分词,was, were +过去分词,shall, will +be+过去分词,am, is, are +being +过去分词,was, were +being +过去分词,has, have + been +过去分词,had been +过去分词,1. 每天都有新的问题被处理。New problems are dealt with every day. 2. 明年将种许多树。Many trees will be planted next year. 3. 计划将会执行。The plan would be carried out.,4. 昨天下午这个问

4、题在会上正在被讨论。The question was being discussed at the meeting yesterday afternoon. 5. 那时收音机刚刚发明。Radios had just been invented then.,短语动词的被动语态：,That old man was often laughed at. The doctor has been sent for.,结论: 短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组, 在被动结构中也是如此,不可去掉后面的介词或副词。,1. 一定要充分利用时间。Time must be made good use of. 2

5、. 坏习惯已经被改掉了。Bad habits have been done away with. 3. 那个计划就要被他们放弃了。The plan will be given up by them. 4. 孩子将被很好地照顾。The children will be taken good care of.,情态动词的被动语态:,1. He must be prevented from going. 2. The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.,结论: 含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为: “情态动词+be+动词过去分词

6、”,改错:,Such things neednt talked. Such things neednt be talked about.,2. The books may kept for two weeks by you. The books may be kept for two weeks by you.,She heard him sing a song just now. He was heard to sing a song just now.,结论: 主动句中的宾语如果是不带to的不定式, 在变成被动句中的主语补足语时, to不能省去。,1. I noticed him cros

7、s the street. He was noticed to cross the street. 2. They often help me clean the room. I am helped to clean the room. 3. We often see her read English in the morning. She is often seen to read English in the morning.,结论:带双宾语的动词的被动语态的 形式为:由其中一个宾语作主语, 常为表示人的间接宾语。,We gave him some books. He was given

8、some books. Some books were given to him.,We elected him our monitor. He was elected our monitor by us. We saw him sitting there without doing anything. He was seen sitting there without doing anything.,结论:带有宾语补足语的动词的被动语态原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。,The door was locked by the monitor. The door was locked. The c

9、omposition was written with great care. The composition is well written.,Look at the following sentences:,结论: 被动语态表示动作, 句子主语是动作对象; 而“连系动词+表语(过去分词)” 表示状态, 其中过去分词相当于形容词, 因此被动语态可以有多种时态, 而“连系动词+表语”中的只有一般时态和完成时态。,1. The window is dirty. I know, It _for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt clea

10、ned D. hasnt been cleaned 2. Whats that terrible noise? The neighbors _ for a party. A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare,走近高考,3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2006. A. Has been completed B. has completed C. will have been

11、completed D. will have completed,4. How long _ at this job? Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed,5. What happened to the priceless works of art? _. A. They were destroyed in the earthquake B. The earthquake was destroying them C.

12、 They destroyed in the earthquake D. The earthquake destroyed them.,6. By the end of last year, another new gym _ in Beijing. A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed,7. When and where to go for the no-salary holiday _yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided,