2020版北师大版高考英语一轮课件：Part1 多样句式构造完美框架

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1、Part1 多样句式,构造完美框架,-2-,一,二,三,四,一、正确使用5种基本句型 句式1:主语+谓语(不及物动词) 此句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点是句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思,这类动词被称为不及物动词,后面可以接副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Mid-Autumn Day falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. 中秋节是在阴历第八个月的第十五天。 【秒杀】我现在写信告诉你一些有关的详情。(2018全国卷,书面表达),Now,I am writing to inform you of some relevant

2、details.,-3-,一,二,三,四,句式2:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 此句式的句型特点为谓语动词均为及物动词,是主语发出的动作,但是不能表达完整的意思,其后必须接一个宾语(宾语可以是名词、代词、动词-ing形式或不定式),即动作的承受者,才能表达完整的意思。 All of us respect our English teacher very much. 我们都非常尊敬我们的英语老师。,-4-,一,二,三,四,【秒杀1】在你上一封信中,你问我有关到中国朋友家做客的事情。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】你最好带些礼物,比如,一本书或一个中国结。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀3

3、】人们在节日或婚礼期间经常用剪纸美化他们的家。(2017全国卷,书面表达),In your last letter,you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friends home.Youd better bring some gifts,like a book or a Chinese knot.People often beautify their homes with paper-cutting during festivals and weddings.,-5-,一,二,三,四,句式3:主语+系动词+表语 此句式就是我们常提到的主系表

4、结构。该句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样,其中谓语动词需用系动词,表语多是形容词,也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或动词-ing形式等。 Students are becoming more and more interested in reading. 学生们对阅读越来越感兴趣了。 【秒杀1】希望这些建议对你有帮助。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】我很高兴了解到,你对唐诗感兴趣。(2017全国卷,书面表达),Hopefully,these suggestions would be helpful for you.I am delighted to know you are interest

5、ed in Tang poems.,-6-,一,二,三,四,句式4:主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 此句式中的谓语动词必须接两个宾语才能表达完整的意思,其中一个是表示人的间接宾语,另一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。 Ive decided to buy my mother a worthy gift. 我决定给我妈妈买一件配得上她的礼物。 【秒杀1】对于茶文化,我给了他们一个生动、富有知识性的介绍。(2018北京卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】我希望这个更改不会给你造成太多麻烦。(2016全国卷,书面表达),I gave them a vivid and i

6、nformative introduction of tea culture.I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.,-7-,一,二,三,四,句式5:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 此句式中的动词虽然是及物动词,但只接一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须再加上一个成分来对宾语进行补充说明,这样才能使意思完整。宾语补足语直接跟在宾语后面,补充说明宾语的情况。 I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解决这道题。

7、,-8-,一,二,三,四,【秒杀1】我诚心地邀请你参观我们学校,参加我们都喜欢的体育运动。(2018全国卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】我以前做志愿者的经历可能有助于我解决在(接待)过程中潜在的问题。(2018浙江卷,书面表达),I sincerely invite you to visit our school and join in the sports we all like.My previous experience as a volunteer may help me settle the potential problems in the process.,-9-,一,二,三,四,二、灵

8、活使用非谓语动词 1.使役动词let/make/have/get/keep/leave.sb/sth do/doing/done.使/让做/正在做/被做 【秒杀1】如果你还有问题,请尽管让我了解。(2018北京卷,书面表达)【秒杀2】你不该留下你的同桌一个人打扫教室,而你却回家了。【秒杀3】我们不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。,If you have further questions,please feel free to let me know.You shouldnt have gone home,leaving your deskmate cleaning the classroom.

9、We cant leave such an important matter unfinished.,-10-,一,二,三,四,2.感官动词see/notice/watch/hear.sb/sth do/doing/done.看到/注意到/观察到/听到某人/某物做/正在做/被做 【秒杀1】听到他们唱这首歌,我情不自禁地想起了我愉快的童年。【秒杀2】回到家,看到妈妈正在做晚饭,我赶紧去帮她。,Hearing them singing the song,I couldnt help thinking of my pleasant childhood.Arriving home and seeing

10、 my mother preparing supper,I hurried to help her.,-11-,一,二,三,四,3.when/while/once/unless/although.+doing/done.当/有一次/除非/虽然做/被做 【秒杀1】当被提供帮助的时候,人们常说“谢谢”或“你真好”。【秒杀2】吃饭咀嚼食物时,你需要避免发出声响。(2018全国卷,书面表达),When offered help,people often say “Thank you” or “Its kind of you”.When enjoying the meal,you need to avo

11、id making noises while chewing food.,-12-,一,二,三,四,4.having done.已经做 【秒杀1】我曾在一次夏令营活动中做过志愿者,所以觉得适合这个职位。【秒杀2】在完成了英语作文以后,他开始阅读当天的中国日报。5.by doing.通过做 【秒杀】只有更加努力,我们才能取得更大的进步。,Having served as a volunteer in a summer camping,I feel Im fit for the position.Having finished his English composition,he started

12、to read China Daily of that day.Only by making greater efforts can we make greater progress.,-13-,一,二,三,四,6.疑问词+to do 【秒杀1】我写信是为了告诉你什么时间,在哪里上我们的中文课。【秒杀2】另外,我们应该学会如何与他人相处。7.only to do/to be done 结果却 【秒杀】上周五下午,当我赶往机场给你送行时,却发现你乘坐的飞机正在起飞。,Im writing to tell you when and where to have our Chinese lesson.

13、In addition,we should learn how to get along well with others.On last Friday afternoon,I hurried to the airport to see you off,only to find your plane was taking off.,-14-,一,二,三,四,8.with+宾语+宾语补足语 【秒杀】随着体育馆的建成,我们能够进行各种不同的体育活动了。(2018全国卷,书面表达)9.have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth做有困难/麻烦 【秒杀】让我感到很担心的

14、是,我很难用英语表达自己。,With the gymnasium built,a wide range of sports activities can be carried out.Much to my worry,I have difficulty in expressing myself in English.,-15-,一,二,三,四,三、规范使用复合句 1.名词性从句 (1)I wonder whether/if.我想知道是否 【秒杀】不知道能否请您帮我个忙。(2)What impressed/surprised/shocked me most was that.最使我印象深刻/惊讶

15、/震惊的是 【秒杀1】最使我印象深刻的是他们从不丧失信心。【秒杀2】最使我惊讶的是这些交流生竟然能把京剧唱得很好。,I wonder if you could do me a favour.What impressed me most was that they never lost heart.What amazed me most was that the exchange students should perform Peking Opera so well.,-16-,一,二,三,四,(3)It is+important/necessary/strange that.重要的/必需的/

16、奇怪的是 【秒杀】重要的是我们应该坚守自己的梦想。(4)That/This/It is why/because.那/这就是为什么/因为 【秒杀1】那便是他如此喜欢这个地方的原因。【秒杀2】那就是为什么我认为长江之行是一个更好的选择。(2017北京卷,书面表达),It is important that we should stick to our dreams.That is why he likes the place so much.Thats why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.,-17-,一,二

17、,三,四,(5)The reason why.is that.的原因是 【秒杀】我一直很健康的原因是我每天坚持锻炼至少1个小时。(6)The chances are (that).很可能 【秒杀】在寄宿家庭的帮助下,我可能很快就能适应英国的风俗习惯了。(7)No one can deny the fact that.没有人能否认的事实。 【秒杀】没有人能否认吸烟能致癌这一事实。,The reason why Im always healthy is that I insist on exercising at least one hour every day.The chances are t

18、hat I will fit in with English customs with the help of my host family.No one can deny the fact that smoking leads to cancer.,-18-,一,二,三,四,(8)Sb hold(s) the belief/view that.某人(坚定地)持有这样一种观点。 【秒杀】多数人坚定地持有这样一种观点,即教育能改变人的命运。,Most people hold the view that education can change ones fate.,-19-,一,二,三,四,2.

19、状语从句 (1)when/while当的时候 【秒杀】当我把答案给老师看的时候,老师表扬我具有独立思考的能力。(2)on condition that.在条件/前提下;如果 【秒杀】我会把这本书借给你,前提是你不把它弄脏。,When I showed my answer to him,the teacher praised me for my ability of independent thinking.Ill lend this book to you on condition that you keep it clean.,-20-,一,二,三,四,(3)each/every time每

20、次,每当 【秒杀】每次想起那伤感的往事时,我就觉得非常对不起我的母亲。,Every time I think about the sad experience,I feel very sorry for my mother.,-21-,一,二,三,四,(4)the first time第一次 【秒杀】第一次看见你时,我就意识到好像以前在哪里见过你。(5)as soon as/the moment/the instant/immediately/directly/instantly一就 【秒杀】她想让你一到家就给她回电话。(6)as/so long as只要 【秒杀】只要我们紧密团结,就能克服这

21、些困难。,The first time I saw you,I realized I seemed to have met you somewhere before.She wants you to call her back as soon as you reach home.We can surely overcome these difficulties as long as we are closely united.,-22-,一,二,三,四,(7)providing/provided/suppose/supposing (that).如果;假如 【秒杀】假如没有干净的水,我们喝什么

22、?(8)before在之前;还没来得及就;才 【秒杀1】我还没来得及说一句话,他就冲出了房间。【秒杀2】过了很长时间我才再一次睡着。,Supposing that there is no clean water,what shall we drink?He rushed out of the room before I could say a word.It was a long time before I fell asleep again.,-23-,一,二,三,四,(9)(ever) since自从 【秒杀1】格林先生自从三年前到中国以来,就一直在那所学校教书。【秒杀2】自从你来到我们学

23、校已经两周了。(2016天津卷,书面表达)(10)as当时候;一边一边;随着 【秒杀】除夕,我们一边聊天,一边包饺子。,Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.It is two weeks since you came to our school.On New Years Eve,we make dumplings as we talk.,-24-,一,二,三,四,3.定语从句 (1)As you can see in.正如你在中看到的那样 【秒杀】正如你在图画中所看到的那样,外面刮风

24、下雨,而温室里的花却长势良好。(2)As sb put(s) it.正如某人所说的那样 【秒杀】正如我们教练常说的那样,只要我们坚持,一切皆有可能。,As you can see in the drawing,it is windy and rainy outside,and yet the flower in the greenhouse is at its best.As our coach often puts it,everything is possible if we stick to it.,-25-,一,二,三,四,(3)As we all know./As is known

25、to all.众所周知 【秒杀】众所周知,学习英语没有捷径。(4)which引导非限制性定语从句,意为“这” 【秒杀】首先,根据我们的传统,你应该早到,这样,你就能帮助东道主家庭准备饭,这既有意义又有趣。(2018全国卷,书面表达),As we all know,there are no short cuts to learning English.To begin with,according to our tradition,you are supposed to arrive early,so that you can help the host family prepare the d

26、inner,which is meaningful and interesting.,-26-,一,二,三,四,(5)one of the+最高级+复数名词+定语从句 中的一个 【秒杀】我建议你申请上北京大学,这是曾经培育出无数杰出人才的中国最好的大学之一。(2018北京卷,书面表达),I suggest you apply for Peking University,one of the best universities in China that have cultivated countless brilliant talents.,-27-,一,二,三,四,四、高调使用特殊句式 1.

27、强调句型 (1)It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他 【秒杀1】有价值的不是故事本身,而是故事所反映的内容。【秒杀2】从以上所述可知,正是激烈的竞争和缺乏交流才产生了这种现象。(2)It is/was not until.that. 【秒杀】直到八点钟,他才意识到自己一整天都在上网。,It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.From what has been mentioned above,it is fierce competition and lack of commun

28、ication that give rise to the phenomenon.It was not until 8 oclock that he realized he had spent the whole day on the Internet.,-28-,一,二,三,四,(3)主语+谓语+特殊疑问词+it is/was+that+其他 【秒杀1】我想知道到底是什么让你如此高兴。【秒杀2】他不知道到底是谁给了他那么多钱。(4)强调谓语时,借助于“do/does/did+动词原形” 【秒杀】我们以小组为学习单位,而且大家确实非常开心。,I wonder what it is that m

29、akes you so happy.He did not know who it was that gave him so much money.We study as a group and all of us do enjoy ourselves.,-29-,一,二,三,四,2.倒装句 (1)Only+状语/状语从句+部分倒装 只有 【秒杀】只有当我们更多地为别人考虑的时候,我们才能创造一个和谐的环境。(2)not only.but also.不仅还 【秒杀】正如我们都希望的,这不仅有意义,也会很有趣。 (2018全国卷,书面表达)(3)not until.直到才 【秒杀】直到失去了健康,

30、我们才明白它的价值。,Only when we think more for others can we create a harmonious environment.As we all expect,not only will it be meaningful but also interesting.Not until we lose our health do we realize its value.,-30-,一,二,三,四,(4)as尽管 【秒杀】尽管我很累,但从来没有这样开心过。(5)so+形容词/副词+that.如此以至于 【秒杀】我是那样的兴奋,以至于我迫不及待地试骑一下我

31、的新自行车。(6)Hardly.when./No sooner.than.一就 【秒杀】让我们扫兴的是,我们一到农场,天就开始下起雨来。,Tired out as I was,I never felt so happy.So excited was I that I couldnt wait to try my hand at riding my new bicycle.Much to our disappointment,hardly had we got to the farm when it began to rain.,-31-,一,二,三,四,(7)Were/Should/Had s

32、b.如果某人 【秒杀1】如果我是你,我就不会那样做。【秒杀2】要是你工作努力的话,你早就完成了。(8)Up/Down/In/Out/Now/Then/Next.+全部倒装 【秒杀】下一步,到了我要求他们亲自尝试的时候了。(2018北京卷,书面表达)(9)In front of/At the foot of.+全部倒装 【秒杀】一座古老的寺庙屹立在山脚下。,Were I you,I wouldnt do that.Had you worked hard,you would have finished it early.Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves.At the foot of the mountain stands an old temple.,