2020版北师大版高考英语一轮课件:专题五 主谓一致和动词的时态、语态
《2020版北师大版高考英语一轮课件:专题五 主谓一致和动词的时态、语态》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2020版北师大版高考英语一轮课件:专题五 主谓一致和动词的时态、语态(52页珍藏版)》请在七七文库上搜索。
1、专题五 主谓一致和动词的 时态、语态,-2-,高考感悟,考点归纳,.单句语法填空 1.(2018全国卷)Since 2011,the country has grown(grow) more corn than rice. 2.(2018北京卷)Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working(work) as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 6.(2018北京卷)Chinas high-speed railways have grown(grow) fr
2、om 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.,-3-,高考感悟,考点归纳,4.(2018江苏卷)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other,for we will have developed(develop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then. 5.(2018北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had
3、 been trapped(trap) in the mountains for two days. 6.(2018天津卷)My washing machine is being repaired(repair) this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 7.(2018江苏卷)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried(carry) out in the past two years. 8.(2017天津卷)I w
4、as driving(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.,-4-,高考感悟,考点归纳,9.(2017江苏卷)He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he was being followed(follow). 10.(2017天津卷)Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming,is regarded(regard) as one of the best all-round
5、 forms of exercise.,-5-,高考感悟,考点归纳,.单句改错 1.(2018全国卷)At that moment,I remembered that my father once said,“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks,and mistakes as well.” includeincludes 2.(2018全国卷)I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high scho
6、ol. arewere 3.(2018全国卷)It was Monday morning,and the writing class had just begin. beginbegun,-6-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点一 主谓一致 谓语动词的数应与主语的人称和数保持一致,这叫主谓一致。在判定一个句子主谓是否一致时,要遵循下列三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。“语法一致”也就是从语法形式上取得一致,即主语为单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词亦为复数形式。“意义一致”就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致的问题。主语形式为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词依意义而定,也采用复数形
7、式。“就近一致”是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和与其最近的主语保持一致。,-7-,高考感悟,考点归纳,1.谓语动词用单数形式的情况 (1)主语为表示时间、距离、金钱、书名等整体概念的名词时。 Ten miles is not a long way for me. (2)由and连接的两个或两个以上的单数名词做主语,前面由不定代词every/each/no修饰时。 Each boy and(each) girl has an apple. (3)and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念,且两个名词共用一个冠词时。 A teacher of English and class teacher
8、 is telling us something about volunteer workers now. 一位英语老师兼班主任现在正告诉我们关于义工们的一些情况。 (4)“the number of+复数名词”做主语时。 The number of professors present at the meeting is 1,800.,-8-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(5)动词-ing(短语)、不定式、从句做主语时。 What the teacher of the science class does and says is of great importance to the students
9、 at college. (6)“more than one+单数名词”和“many a+单数名词”做主语时。 More than one student has gone to Beijing. Hey!Here is a message on my cellphone,telling me that I have won first prize of a weekend for two in Paris. Delete it!Its a trick.Many a person has been cheated by such tricks. (7)“the+形容词”做主语,表示一类抽象的事
10、物时,谓语动词用单数形式。 The new is sure to replace the old.,-9-,高考感悟,考点归纳,2.谓语动词用复数形式的情况 (1)有些集合名词如:clothes,cattle,folk,people,police 等做主语,后面的谓语动词用复数形式。 The police are searching for the murderer. (2)“the+形容词/分词”做主语,表示某一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式。 The old are living a happy life now. (3)由and或both.and.连接两个单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
11、(不可数名词同样)。 Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop.,-10-,高考感悟,考点归纳,3.谓语动词单复数形式视情况而定 (1)集合名词如:group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,audience,club,party,crew等做主语时,如果看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式,如果侧重其成员,谓语动词用复数形式。 My family has four people.My family all like watching football games. (2)主语是单复数同
12、形的名词如:deer,sheep,fish,series,means,works,aircraft等时,视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数形式。 Every means has been tried,but none proved successful. Many means have not come into effect.,-11-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(3)代词none,neither,all以及what引导的从句等做主语,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于所指代的内容。 All we need is a small piece of land where we can plant vari
13、ous kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. What they have are 200 computers. (4)population表示“人口”,即一个国家或地区的居民数目,它做主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。当它前面有分数或百分数时,population是指一个国家或地区的全体居民,它做主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。 The population of Canada is about 36 million. Eighty percent of the population in that cou
14、ntry are farmers.,-12-,高考感悟,考点归纳,4.“名词(或代词)+介词短语”做主语时的主谓一致 (1)有时主语与谓语动词之间插入一个介词短语,该短语对谓语动词不产生影响。 The danger of forest fires is not to be taken lightly. (2)当主语后面跟有with,together with,along with,accompanied by,like,in addition to,as well as,as much as,more than,rather than,no less than,except,but,besid
15、es,including 等连接的单词(词组)时,其谓语动词的单复数形式要与它们前面的主语保持一致。 Newspapers,as well as the Internet,play an important role in daily communication.,-13-,高考感悟,考点归纳,5.“名词(或代词)+of+名词”做主语时的主谓一致 (1)由some,plenty,a lot,lots,most,the rest,all,half,part或分数、百分数+of+名词等短语做主语时,谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。如果of后面所接名词为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式;如果of后
16、面所接名词为单数或不可数名词,谓语动词就用单数形式。 About one third of the books are well worth reading. Over 30% of the work has been finished. (2)由a kind of,this kind of,many kinds of,名词+of this kind(type,sort,part,piece,section,pair)等构成的短语做主语时,谓语动词与of前的名词保持数的一致。 This kind of animals is dangerous. Animals of this kind are
17、 dangerous.,-14-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(3)“a large amount of+不可数名词”做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。 “large amounts of+不可数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数形式。 “a good/great deal of+不可数名词”做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。 Vast amounts of money are being invested in the local market. One survey shows that a great deal of water is wasted every year in China,and that one
18、 third is available to be saved.,-15-,高考感悟,考点归纳,6.就近原则 (1)由or,either.or,neither.nor,not only.but also.等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,谓语动词和与它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 Not only his family but also he likes Chaplins movies. Are either you or your brother going to the party? (2)there be句型中be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。 There are some
19、envelopes and paper for you.,-16-,高考感悟,考点归纳,7.定语从句中的主谓一致 (1)在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等做主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 Those who have seen the film please put up your hands. (2)“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,从句中谓语动词要用复数形式。 Tom is one of the boys who have gone abroad. (3)“the only one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。
20、 He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.,-17-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点二 动词的时态和语态 1.一般现在时 (1)一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要由动词的原形表示,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词形式一般由动词原形后加-s或-es构成。其变化规则如下:,-18-,高考感悟,考点归纳,-19-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(2)表示习惯性、经常性、现在反复出现的动作或状态。 He goes to school every day.(经常性动作) He is very happy.(现在的状态) (3)表示永恒的状态或真
21、理。 “Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say,“because every step shows.” 祖母过去常说:“人生就像在雪中行走,因为每一步都会留下痕迹。” The moon moves around the earth.,-20-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(4)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中,如果主句中的动词用一般将来时,从句中的动词通常用一般现在时,而不用将来时。 Whenever you buy a present,you should think about it from the receivers point
22、of view. 无论何时,你买礼物的话,都应该从接受者的角度来考虑它。 Unless some extra money is found,the theatre will close.,-21-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(5)时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作,用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So what is the procedure? All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority. 那程序是怎么安排的呢? 在职权部门做最后的决定之前所有的申请人
23、都要参加面试。 The train leaves at 8 oclock.,-22-,高考感悟,考点归纳,2.一般将来时 (1)will 表示将来的动作或状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道在以后的几年里月球上要建一个空间站。 Fish will die without water. (2)be going to 表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事。 We are going to have a meeting today. 表示根据
24、某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事。 It is going to rain.,-23-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(3)be to 表示预先安排好的计划或约定。 Are we to go on with this work? 表示说话人的意志、意图、职责、义务、命令等。 We are to take care of the children. 表示注定要发生的事情。 Her plan is to be a failure. (4)be about to 表示即将发生的动作,不与具体的时间状语连用,可与when引导的时间状语从句连用。 The plane is about to leave.,-24
25、-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(5)will与be going to的区别 will多表示说话时才做出的决定,或临时决定做某事。be going to表示事先经过考虑或做好安排将要做某事。 What time is it? I have no idea.But just a minute,I will check it for you.,-25-,高考感悟,考点归纳,3.一般过去时 (1)一般过去时的构成 一般过去时由动词的过去式表示。规则动词的过去式一般由动词原形加-ed构成,其变化规则如下:,-26-,高考感悟,考点归纳,-27-,高考感悟,考点归纳,(2)表示过去时间内发生的动作,或者过去反复
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 2020 北师大 高考 英语 一轮 课件 专题 主谓 一致 动词 时态 语态
链接地址:https://www.77wenku.com/p-56281.html