2019年广东省广州市天河外国语学校中考一模英语试卷（含答案）

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1、英语综合能力测试一 第 1 页，共 10 页2019 年广州市天河外国语学校九年级综合测试卷（一）英 语一、语法选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1-15 小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并在答卷上将该项涂黑。Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from 1 home and running in the open air. 2 , a new study shows 3 the drop in temperature is a good re

2、ason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather 4 improve ones performance（身体机能）. Many people say running in 5 winter is difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and strong winds. Yet many runners might find 6 easier than running in hot weather. That could be because lower temp

3、eratures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is 7 than in warmer conditions. Besides, the body needs less water 8 a cold day than in warm weather. This information comes from John Brewer, a 9 scientist at St. Marys University in London. Brewer says every movement

4、 runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat 10 by sweating, and that the body also loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. But sweating puts much strain（张力）on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it is 11 harder to lose heat when

5、the external environment is warm 12 . In addition, running in higher temperatures results in faster heart rates. Scientists find that heart rates are about 6 percent higher in the hotter conditions. However, running in cooler temperatures has 13 advantages. One is that the body does not have to work

6、 so hard to pump blood to the skin surface in cooler temperatures, which means running requires less energy. Several websites note that the most important thing for people 14 run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. And especially, keeping as dry as possible is very important 15 exercis

7、ing in low temperatures. ( ) 1.A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to leave ( ) 2.A. But B. Therefore C. However D.Yet ( ) 3.A. what B. that C. whether D. if ( ) 4.A. help B. to help C. helps D. helping ( ) 5.A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 6.A. that B. this C. its D. it ( ) 7.A. lower B. low C. lowest D. mor

8、e low ( ) 8.A. at B. of C. in D. on ( ) 9.A. sport B. sports C. sports D. sports 英语综合能力测试一 第 2 页，共 10 页( ) 10.A. are B. is C. were D. was ( ) 11.A. many B. more C. much D. most( ) 12.A. as well B. also C. nor D. either ( ) 13.A. any B. some C. much D. few ( ) 14.A. which B. whom C. whose D. who ( )

9、15.A. when B. after C. before D. until二、完型填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在 16-25 小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并在答卷上将该项涂黑。I feel good when people I trust say 16 things about me. It helps me to have positive thoughts about my abilities, and it 17 a smile to my face. Most of us know people

10、who always emphasize our best characteristics (品质) and who make us feel good about ourselves. People like that are important in our life. They are 18 friends who make us feel warm and loved. I also know people who always have negative opinions about life and the world in general. These people 19 hav

11、e anything positive to say. Most of the time, I try not to pay much attention to this type of person or their negative 20 . However, 21 are also many people in my life whose opinions I value and trust very much. When they 22 objective （客观的）comments on me, I try my best to listen very carefully to th

12、em. There is an old 23 that the good medicine tastes bitter. I believe that encouragement and stimulation（激励）from a trusted person can help us move forward with our lives. If we want to realize our goals and live a 24 life, we need to push ourselves and to test our limits. The phrase, “You can do be

13、tter” is most valuable when we believe it to be the truth. No matter how difficult the task is, it becomes just a little easier when we trust ourselves and try to do better. We should be happy when we have people who care about us, tell us the truth, and 25 us encouragement that allows each of us to

14、 be the best. ( ) 16.A.good B. bad C. serious D. wrong ( ) 17.A.takes B. brings C. catches D. fetches ( ) 18.A.hopeful B. careful C. thankful D. trusted ( ) 19.A.always B. often C. sometimes D. never ( ) 20.A.condition B. comments C . customs D. contract( ) 21.A.those B. these C. there D. here ( ) 2

15、2.A.know B. send C. teach D. make ( ) 23.A.salon B. sentence C. saying D. story ( ) 24.A.happy B. negative C. longer D. poor ( ) 25.A.push B. leave C. care D. offer 英语综合能力测试一 第 3 页，共 10 页三、阅读（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 阅读理解（共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从 2645 各题所给的 A、B、C.和 D 项中选出最佳的选择，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.( A )On Ma

16、rch 14 in 2018, one of sciences brightest stars went dark. Stephen Hawking, the world-famous scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK.Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and wi

17、ll end in black holes. His theory became the important base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most famous book is A Brief History of Time（ 时间简史 ） ，which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world, according to CNN.Besides h

18、is scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone who had a strong will and positive attitude.When Hawking was 21, he was told that he had a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and “speak” using a computerized voice. But this did

19、nt stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. “If one is physically disabled, one cannot afford to be psychologically(心理上 ) disabled as well.” he once said.Hawking travelled around the world to attend science meeting, visiting every continent, including Antarctica. He was also a fan of pop

20、ular culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek and The Big Bang Theory.He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. When he was 65, he took part in a zero-gravity flight to experience weightlessness. He hoped to travel into space one day. In 2013, Hawking spoke about ho

21、w he felt life was unfair when he first knew his illness. “But now, 50 years later, I can be quietly satisfied with my life,” he said peacefully.( ) 26. What is the authors purpose in writing the article?A. To tell us the brightest star went dark and Hawking died.B. To introduce Hawkings famous book

22、 A Brief History of Time.C. To describe how Hawking overcame his serious physical illness.D. To introduce Hawkings life to help people remember him.( ) 27.How important is Hawkings theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and will end in black holes?A. It helped him write all his books to he

23、lp ordinary people understand the universe.B.A lot of research which came after the important theory later depends on it.C. It made his famous book sell more than 10 million copies all over the world.英语综合能力测试一 第 4 页，共 10 页D. This achievement led him to become a strong and positive famous man.( ) 28.

24、Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. He travelled around the world just in order to pay a visit to every continent.B. Although Hawking had a serious illness, he still had a wonderful and meaningful life. C. He was a fan of up-to-date culture and hosted TV shows such as Star Trek and The Big

25、Bang Theory.D. He was so positive and strong that he still felt satisfied when he was first told he had a serious illness.( ) 29. What does Hawking mean by “If one is physically disabled, one cannot afford to be psychologically(心理上 ) disabled as well.”? A. Although one man has a disabled body, he ca

26、n still have a strong will and positive attitude. B. If someone is physically ill, he cant pay more money to treat his psychological disability.C. If one is physically disabled, he neednt have psychological disability because its too much for him. D. Although one man has disabled illness, he can als

27、o be psychologically disabled in his life.( ) 30 . In what order did the following take place in the story?a. He said that he was happy with his life 50 years later.b. He had to sit in a wheelchair and began to use a computer to help him speak.c. He took part in a zero-gravity flight to experience w

28、eightlessness.d. He went up in a hot-air balloon.e. He couldnt walk and talk at the age of 21.A. e-b-a-d-c B. a-e-b-d-c C. e-b-d-c-a D. a-e-d-b-e( B )It is a question that has confused parents for many years: why do children refuse to eat greens?Now, two American experts believe they have the answer

29、.After studying dozens of babies as they played with different objects, the researchers noted that they were far more unwilling to touch plants than other things. They believe this is because evolution(生物进化 ) has biologically made children be wary of plants.Because of susceptibility(敏感性 ) to illness

30、 or injury in the early years of life, the body has designed an inner defence mechanism(内部保护机制 )that limits a childs contact with plants, they think. The researchers believe this is why babies in the study were afraid of touching plants and why children turn their noses up when faced with a plate of

31、 broad beans.The findings are published in a paper by Dr Annie E Wertz and Dr Karen Wynn, both psychologists at Yale University.They wrote, “Throughout human evolution.plants have been important in humans life. Yet, 英语综合能力测试一 第 5 页，共 10 页for all of these benefits, plants have always caused very real

32、 dangers.”“Plants produce toxin(毒素) as defences that can be harmful, or even deadly. Some plants also produce physical defences, such as thorns（荆棘）can damage tissues (组织) and cause effects over the whole body.“They added, “We predicted that babies may have behavioural strategies that reduce dangers

33、caused by plants.“To test their theory, the researchers studied how children aged eight to 18 months old reacted when presented with a variety of objects. It took much longer for children to grab plants; objects that were pretended to look like plants also caused a slow response time.For parents att

34、empting to spoon some peas into the mouth of their child, this finding should come as welcome relief.( ) 31. The underlined word “they“ in Paragraph 3 refers to_?A. the parents B. the researchers C. the babies D. the plants( ) 32. What does the underlined word “wary“ in the third paragraph mean?A. c

35、urious B. afraid C. tired D. certain( ) 33.What did early humans probably do in order to keep away from illness or injury?A. They choose to make more man-made things. B. They didnt allow their children to touch plants. C. They chose to have little contact with plants. D. They tried very hard to esca

36、pe from the past.( ) 34. What was plants role in early humans life?A. They were important, in spite of danger. B. They reacted badly to human evolution. C. They contributed to the most deaths and illness. D. They developed human physical defences against dangers.( ) 35. Whats the passage mainly abou

37、t?A. Why some plants are harmful. B. How humans react to plants. C. Why children dont like to eat greens. D. When children form behavioural strategies.( C )One Monday morning, Paul and his classmates were in the science laboratory for their chemistry lesson. The students were going to work in pairs

38、to do an experiment. Before they began, the teacher gave them this description of the different stages of the experiment.Stage 1: Prepare the equipment: a test tube, a crucible（坩埚）, a Bunsen burner（煤气灯） and tongs（钳子）.Stage 2: Weigh 5 grams of baking soda (小苏打) and put it in a crucible.英语综合能力测试一 第 6

39、页，共 10 页Stage 3: Heat 10 ml of hydrochloric acid (盐酸) in a test tube.Stage 4: Pour the warm acid onto the baking soda and continue to heat the mixture.Result: The acid reacts with the bicarbonate（碳酸氢盐）to form water, carbon dioxide gas and salt. The hotter the mixture, the quicker the reaction. Conti

40、nue to heat the mixture until the water evaporates（蒸发）, leaving the salt in the crucible.Paul and his partner followed the instructions and set up their equipment. Paul went to the cupboard to get a bottle of hydrochloric acid. He found that there was only one bottle in the cupboard so he took that.

41、 There was no label on the bottle and Paul didnt check with the teacher if it was the right solution(溶液 ).He measured the liquid and poured it into a test tube. Using tongs to hold the test tube, he heated it over the Bunsen burner. Thats when things started to go wrong. The liquid in the test tube

42、was not hydrochloric acid. When it was heated, it formed a thick cloud of white gas. Soon the room was full of this strong smelling white gas.All the students started coughing and their eyes hurt. The teacher immediately opened the windows and ordered the students to leave the laboratory at once. Sh

43、e realized that the liquid was acrylamide (丙烯酰胺 ) and that it is poisonous.Fortunately, nobody was injured in the incident. However, it taught the students and the teacher a good lesson.( ) 36. The teacher and her students planned to make _ in the experiment.A. water B. saltC. acrylamide D. carbon d

44、ioxide gas( ) 37. How can they make the reaction quicker? A. By putting more hydrochloric acid.B. By heating the hydrochloric acid.C. By making the water cooler.D. By making the mixture hotter.( ) 38. Why did Paul make the mistake?A. There was only one bottle. B. His partner didnt help him check it.

45、C. There was no label on the bottle. D. He didnt pick the right one out of the bottles.( ) 39. What happened when Paul heated the liquid?A. His teacher ordered him to stop it at once. B. The white poisonous gas was formed.英语综合能力测试一 第 7 页，共 10 页C. All the students left the lab at once. D. Someone was

46、 injured in the accident.( ) 40. What lesson did the incident teach the student and the teacher?A. Never leave a bottle without a label in the chemistry lab. B. Obey your teachers instructions in the chemistry lab. C. Acrylamide cant take the place of hydrochloric acid. D. While something unusual ha

47、ppened, leave the lab at once.( D )Here are the four adverts from the newspaper Coast Chronicle.( ) 41. About what they advertise, we can safely say that_.A. Adverts and advertise two products.B. Adverts and advertise services.Competitive pricesPrompt service guaranteed by insured professionals Tmm

48、hinged security door.$200Tmm sliding door .$200Tmm triple lock $200Window locks/dead locks fitted from $19 eachFly screen house lots .$19 each10.mm wall safe with Ross key .$19 Will reach 150,000 householdsPhone Yvonne to book your advertisement now! Rubbish removal Palm cleaning英语综合能力测试一 第 8 页，共 10 页C. Adverts and advertise beliefs.D. Adverts and provide jobs.( ) 42.From the above material we know _