【北京卷】2019年普通高校招生全国统一考试英语试卷(含答案解析)
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1、2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英 语(考试时间:100 分钟 试卷满分:120 分)考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45 分)第一节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)A阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I
2、 _1_(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously _2_ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to _3_(I) the two simple word
3、s “Be yourself”.【答案】1. voiced 2. facing 3. myself【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑,妈妈的建议 Be yourself 让他受益终身。【1 题详解】考查时态。句意:我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧, “我将如何交朋友?”此处的 voice 是动词, “表达”的意思,作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情,用一般过去式。故填 voiced。【2 题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。分析句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是 I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现
4、在分词作状语。故填 facing。【3 题详解】考查代词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。本句的主语是 I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。故填 myself。B阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Earth Day,_4_(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First ce
5、lebrated _5_ 1970,the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various _6_(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save powerthe possibilities are endless.【答案】
6、4. marked 5. in 6. activities【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。【4 题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:地球日于 4 月 22 日举行,是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知,设空处是要做名词 Earth Day 的后置定语,且两者之间是被动关系,要用过去分词。故填 marked。【5 题详解】考查介词。句意:第一次庆祝是在 1970 年。如今,这一天的活动遍及 190 多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词 in。故填 in。【6 题详解】考查名词。句意:无论你喜欢做什么,有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词va
7、rious 可知,此处要用名词的复数形式。故填 activities。C阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Does the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question _7_(suggest)that,for most students, it doesnt. What students do at college seems to matter much more than _8_ they go. Th
8、e students benefitting most from college are those _9_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(资源).Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessa
9、ry preparations for a healthy and _10_(meaning)college experience.【答案】7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. where 9. who/that 10. meaningful【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明,大学的名气对学生来说并不重要,从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活,充分利用大学机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。【7 题详解】考查时态。句意:对于这个问题的研究表明,对于大多数学生来说,它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果,所以用一般现在时,一般过去时或现在完成时均可
10、,故填 suggests/suggested/has suggested。【8 题详解】考查宾语从句。句意:学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所大学)更重要。这里表达去哪所大学,表示地点,作状语。故用 where。【9 题详解】考查定语从句。句意:从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。_3_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句,修饰先行词 those,空格处在句中作主语,代指人,故填 who或 that。【10 题详解】考查形容词。这里与前面的 healthy 并列,修饰后面的名词 college experience,故此
11、处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 30 分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson ha
12、s been _11_ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started _12_ his car to the young people. Wilson has _13_ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous _14_ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who hes
13、_15_ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what theyve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students _16_ call him “Grandpa”.Tina Stern _17_ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much mor
14、e to her than just free _18_. “Its not just a ride;youre not just sitting there in _19_ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually _20_ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, hell _21_ those things.“Wilson first worked as a driver through a student
15、-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the _22_ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes _23_ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to _24_ them.
16、 If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never _25_ to buy them a meal.For many students, Wilsons help is not only appreciated, its also entirely _26_ for th
17、em to be able to complete their college education. Some students dont have a reliable car, while others have to _27_ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has _28_ them to complete their education but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the _29_.
18、 “I just love driving and I love these kids, “Wilson said. “Its such a(n) _30_ to be a part of these kids lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.“11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering13.
19、 A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication1
20、9. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm25. A. expects B. attempt
21、s C. manages D. hesitates26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience【答案】11. C 12. D 13.
22、 B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了 76 岁的 Paul Wilson 八年来一直免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。【11 题详解】考查动词辨析。A. linking 连接; B. sending 寄送; C. offering 提供;D. distributing 分配。根据第一段可知,Paul Wilson 确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知,该句应指:Wilson 给那些学
23、生提供免费的乘车服务。故 C 选项正确。【12 题详解】考查动词辨析。A. donating 捐献,捐赠;B. lending 借出;C. delivering 发表,投递;D. volunteering 自愿。根据上文中的“free rides”可知,Wilson 是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故 D 选项正确。【13 题详解】考查动词辨析。A. paved 铺设,安排; B. covered 行走,覆盖;C. measured 测量,判断;D. wandered 徘徊,漫步。Wilson 让那些学生免费搭车,迄今他已经行程 64,000 英里。表示“行走一段路程”,应用 cove
24、r。故B 选项正确。【14 题详解】考查名词辨析。A. arguments 争论;B. interviews 接见,采访;C. negotiations 谈判;D. conversations 谈话。Wilson 在接送学生们上下学的过程中,和学生之间有愉快幽默的“谈话,交谈”,故 D 选项正确。【15 题详解】考查动词辨析。A. met 遇见;B. driven 驾车,开车;C. addressed 从事,忙于,写地址;D. greeted 问候,迎接。根据上文可知,Wilson 每天接送那些学生,这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家,教师,工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transpor
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