中考英语培优(含解析)之代词
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1、聚焦考点温习理解代词的基本概念 代词是代替名词的词。按其不同的含义及作用分为 9 类:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词、连接代词和关系代词等。一、人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。二、物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。三、指示代词指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。2. that 和 those 指
2、前面讲到过的事物,this 和 these 则是指下面将要讲到的事物。3. 有时为了避免 重复提到的名词,常可用 that 或 those 代替,例如:Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai4. this 在电话用语中 代表自己,that 则代表对方。四、反身代词英语中用来表示“我自己” ,“你自己”,“他自己”,“ 我们自己”,“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词,也有人称之为自身代名词,其形式如表所示。反身代词可以在句中作宾 语,表语,同位语。五、相互代词表示相互关系的代词叫做相互
3、代词。相互代词有 each other 和 one another 两种形 式。在当代英语中,each other 和 one another 没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语,定语。作定语用 时,相互代词用所有格形式。六、疑问代词疑问代词有 who,whom,whose,what 和 which 等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,一般都放在句首,并在句子中作为某一句子成分。七、不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。1. some 与 any 的区别2. few, a few, little, a little 在用法上的区别3. other,
4、the other, another, others, the others 4. every 与 each 的区别。5. all 和 both 的用法。八、连接代词连接代词主要包括 who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,如:I dont know who he is. 我不知道他是谁。What he says sounds reasonable. 他说的话听起来有道理。The question is who(
5、m) we should trust. 问题是我们该信任谁。九、关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语。 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。名师点睛典例分类类型一、人称代词和物主代词【例 1】Im surprised at the new look of hometown.AI Bme Cmy Dmine【举一反三】1. Dad, could you please teach _English?Sure! But its more importa
6、nt to learn it by_Amy, yourself Bme, you Cmy; you Dme, yourself2. -Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xian? - is OK. Its up to you.AEither BNeither CBoth DAll3. -Who is the lady in red?-Miss Gao. She teaches English.Awe Bus Cour Dours类型二、指示代词和反身代词【例 2】_ are my brothers .AHe BSheC These
7、DThat来源:Z*xx*k.Com【举一反三】1. The population of Beijing is larger than _of Wuhan.Ait Bone Cthat Dthose2. Hi , Kate ! This is my brother and _ are my parents . Nice to meet you .Athis BthatC you D these3. Our teachers always tell us that we must to ca lm down when a natural disaster happens.Atell oursel
8、ves Btell yourselfC say to ourselves Dsay to yourself来源:Z#xx#k.Com类型三、不定代词及相互代词【例 3】Good friends alwa ys help _.Athe other Bother Ceach other Dother each【例 4】Peter, we are good friends. We can help _.Yes, youre right.Aother Beach Ceach other【点睛】不定代词的应用是初中英语考察的重点,熟记每个代词的用法,注意每个代词之间用法含义上的不同。解题时结合语境具体分
9、析,选择正确答案。【举一反三】1. They put the food into _ bags.Aeach other Beach others Cone others Done another2. I have seen two foreign films. One is made in Canada, and _ is made in the USA.Aanother Bthe other Cother Dthe others3. Henry was happy because _ his three sons came back home on Fathers Day.Aboth Bal
10、lC either Dneither类型四、疑问代词1. _ your telephone number ?Its 8766-7859 .AWheres BWhatsC Hows DWhat【举一反三】1. - is your favorite season?来源:-I like spring best.AHow BWhere CWhen DWhat2. _ are your family rules?Er, I must help to do the dishes and clean my room.AHow BWhat C Why3. -_ are you going to the mov
11、ies with this weekend?- My parents.AWho BWhere CWhen DWhat类型五、关系代词及连接代词1. What about asking someone _serious movies?Awho like Bwho likes Cwhom like Dwhom likes【点睛】定语从句的解题把握好基本的概念及关系代词关系副词分别指的人或物时所对应的不同的用法。对 于关系代词还是关系副词的选择,则要看定语从句中如果缺少主语、宾语就用关系代词,既不缺主语也不缺宾语则用关系副词作状语。【举一反三】1 - Playing basketball is th
12、e only thing _ Ive ever wanted to do. Im serious about it.- But you should know_ study is the most important thing for you now.Athat ; that Bwhich ; that Cwhat ; which Dthat ; what2. The bike _ my mother bought for me yesterday doesnt work .Awho Bthat Cwhere Dwhat3. What do you think of the picture?
13、It reminds me of the days _ I spent in the countryside.Awhen Bwho C that DWhere4.Many people talk about “Didi“. I really wonder .To order a taxi through it on your mobile phone.Awhen I can use it Bwhat it is used forC where people use it Dwho uses it most课时作业能力提升1. -_is your sweater?-Black and white
14、.AWhat colors BWhat color CWhats the color DWhat are the colors2. -_ is this bag?-Its _.AWho; her BWhose; her CWho; hers DWhose; hers3. There is a phone on the floor. _ is it?Oh, it _ Alice.AWhose; belongs BWho; belongs toC Whose; belongs to DWho; belongs for4. -_ your aunt? -She is a doctor.AWhos B
15、Whats CHows DWhens5. -Do you know the man passed away on October 30, 2018?- Jin Yong, one of the greatest Kung Fu fiction writers in China.Awho Bwhat Cwhich Dwhom6. What does “teacher“ mean to you,Daniel?A teacher is the person makes all other occupations(职业)possible.Awho Bwhich Cwhom Dwhat7. Kids,
16、I hope youll remember the good old days _ we spent together in junior high though its time to say goodbye.Awho Bwhat Cwhich Dwhose8. Only the dream _ can help others will bring happiness in return.Awhich Bthat Cwho Dwhat9. The number of people_were killed in the accident been announced yet.Athat; ha
17、vent Bwho; hasnt Cwhich; hasnt Dwhom; havent10. She asks me I have returned the books to the library, and I admit(承认) I havent.Awhen Bwhere Cwhether Dwhat聚焦考点温习理解代词的基本概念 代词是代替名词的词。按其不同的含义及作用分为 9 类:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词、连接代词和关系代词等。一、人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。二、物主代词
18、1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。三、指示代词指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。2. that 和 those 指前面讲到过的事物,this 和 these 则是指下面将要讲到的事物。3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用 that 或 those 代替,例如:Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shang
19、hai4. this 在电话用语中代表自己,that 则代表对方。四、反身代词英语中用来表示“我自己” ,“你自己”,“他自己”,“ 我们自己”,“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词,也有人称之为自身代名词,其形式如表所示。反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。五、相互代词表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有 each other 和 one another 两种形 式。在当代英语中,each other 和 one another 没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语,定语。作定语用时,相互代词用所有格形式。六、疑问代词疑问代词有 who,whom,whose,what 和 whic
20、h 等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,一般都放在句首,并在句子中作为某一句子成分。七、不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。1. some 与 any 的区别来2. few, a few, little, a little 在用法上的区别3. other, the other, another, others, the others 4. every 与 each 的区别。5. all 和 both 的用法八、连接代词连接代词主要包括 who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whicheve
21、r, whosever 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,如:I dont know who he is. 我不知道他是谁。What he says sounds reasonable. 他说的话听起来有道理。The question is who(m) we should trust. 问题是我们该信任谁。九、关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语。 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。名师点睛典
22、例分类类型一、人称代词和物主代词【例 1】Im surprised at the new look of hometown.AI Bme Cmy Dmine【来源】重庆市 2018 年中考英语试题【答案 】C【举一反三】1. Dad, could you please teach _English?Sure! But its more important to learn it by_Amy, yourself Bme, you Cmy; you Dme, yourself【来源】内蒙古呼和浩特市 2018 年中考英语试卷【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意“爸爸,你能教我英语吗? 当然!但更重要的
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