2019-2020学年人教版英语必修4作业含解析：Unit 2 Section Ⅰ

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1、Unit 2 Working the landSection Prereading (Warming Up & Reading)基础题 单词拼写1Our foreign trade has _ (扩大) during recent years.答案：expanded2The average _ (产量) of the factory is 60 cars a day.答案：output3The children got _ (晒黑的) from a day on the beach.答案：sunburnt/sunburned4He was injured and _ (因此) unable t

2、o play.答案：therefore5She is old enough to have the _ (自由) to do what she likes.答案：freedom6The main c_ is wheat and it is grown even on the very steep slopes.答案：crop7Now, as a s_ star, he isnt selfsatisfied at all.答案：super8In the b_ to retake the village, over 100 soldiers were killed.答案：battle9A d_ l

3、ater, the company has gone from strength to strength.答案：decade10Therere no reliable s_ for the number of death in the war.答案：statistics 单句语法填空1The mother decided to rid her son _ the bad habit as soon as possible.答案：of2Thanks _ his timely help, I finished the whole work on time.答案：to3Please state yo

4、ur name, address and _ (occupy)答案：occupation4_ (satisfy) with what we did, our teacher began to smile.答案：Satisfied5It is _ (disturb) that the mobile phone is affecting our life.答案：disturbing6We want to make your children equipped _ some special skills.答案：with7We have little _ (free) at work because

5、our manager runs a very tight ship.答案：freedom8Most of the toys produced in our factory _ (export) to European countries.答案：are exported9Her mother has been struggling _ her illness for many years.答案：against10He made _ clear to make a new life for himself.答案：it能力题 阅读理解When a leafy plant is under atta

6、ck, it doesnt sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send outp1 a particularw1 smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the

7、 plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for shortp2.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. Its a plants way of crying out. But is anyone listening？Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors reactw

8、2.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the_tables_are_turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after stud

9、y, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists dont know. Maybe th

10、e first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, i

11、magined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on.1What does a plant do when it is under attack?AIt makes noises.BIt gets help from other plants.CIt stands quietly.DIt sends out certain chemicals.答案：D 细节理解

12、题。根据第一段中的“. reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.”可知，植物受到攻击时会散发出某些化学物质。故选 D。2What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Para

13、graph 3?AThe attackers get attacked.BThe insects gather under the table.CThe plants get ready to fight back.DThe perfumes attract natural enemies.答案：A 句意理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.(上一秒还在吃午餐的袭击者现在就变成了其他生物的午餐) ”可知 ，画线部分的意思是袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击。故选 A。3Scientists find from the

14、ir studies that plants can _.Apredict natural disastersBprotect themselves against insectsCtalk to one another intentionallyDhelp their neighbors when necessary答案：B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一、三句可知，植物能通过释放化学物质来保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。故选 B。4What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe world is changing faster than ever.BPeo

15、ple have stronger senses than before.CThe world is more complex than it seems.DPeople in Darwins time were more imaginative.答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂。故选 C。W重 点 单 词1particular adj. 特别的 2.react v. 反应P重 点 短 语1send out 发出( 气味、光亮等 )；发送2for short 简称；缩写 完形填空Farms are the biggest users of freshwa

16、ter resources. The Food and Agriculture Organization says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies. That is the world _1_. Without the right _2_， agriculture can be a major cause of water _3_.But solutions do not have to _4_ much. There are simple methods for farms of any size

17、to reduce or _5_ pollution of water supplies. We are going to talk about a few of them.The first _6_ fertilizers and poisons. One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored _7_. Stored chemicals can slowly _8_ the soil and get into groundwater. To help avoid such proble

18、ms, chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥) Farm animals can also pollute water supplies. Animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats are often left to _9_ on grass in open fields by streams or rivers. Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to

19、 drink. Animal _10_ also enters water supplies. Experts say it is important to keep large farm animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or _11_.Instead of _12_ animals to water, bring the water to them. Farmers can send water through pipes to watering areas for their animals with pum

20、ps _13_ by electricity or fuel. Humanpowered treadle pumps are another solution.Trees, bushes and smaller plants can act as _14_ barriers along streams and rivers. Bushes provide excellent ground cover _15_ grown near waterways. Animals _16_ bushes with sharp thorns (尖刺)Tree _17_ provide natural sup

21、port for soil. Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains. They _18_ help keep the sun from drying out soil. They hold soil in place during rains and _19_ the water flow. These methods will not solve all water quality problems, _20_ they are good first steps.1A.level BstorageC

22、 average Dproblem答案：C 由上文中的“uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies”可知，这里指农业使用的水源达到地表水源的 70%，这是一个世界平均值。2A.development BmeasuresC limits Dorganizations答案：B 由下一段所述内容及关键词“solutions”， “methods”可知，此处指如果不采取正确的措施，农业会成为水污染的一个主要原因。3A.pollution BsupplyC usage Dresource答案：A 由下文提到的各种防止水污染的措施并结合第 5 空后

23、的“pollution of water supplies”可知，此处选 A 项。4A.reduce BtakeC matter Dcost答案：D 根据下文中的“There are simple methods”可知，这里指解决农业引起水污染的问题不必花费很多。5A.consider BcreateC prevent Drescue答案：C 由设空前的 or “或者”可知，所选词应与设空前的“reduce”表达相近语义，应选 C 项，即防止水污染。6A.deals with Btakes overC pays for Dadapts to答案：A 结合下文可知，第一个方法与肥料和毒药有关。

24、deal with “涉及；关于” 。7A.correctly BimportantlyC immediately Dpossibly答案：A 此处表示这些化学制品的贮存方式不当 ，因此它们会进入环境中。8A.go up Bstretch inC make for Dleak into答案：D 贮存的化学制品会慢慢渗入土壤并进入地下水中。 leak into “渗入” ，符合语境。9A.feed BgoC endanger Dkeep答案：A 这里用动词 feed 表示“进食” ，牛、猪、羊等动物在沿着溪水和河流的开阔的草地上觅食。10A.fat BwasteCfood Dmedicine答案

25、：B 动物的粪便也会进入水源。根据语境和常识可知选 B。11A.anything BnothingCsomething Dnone答案：C or something “诸如此类的东西” 。12A.sending BleadingCcarrying Dtaking答案：B lead “带路，引领” 。根据语境可知，此处为不要把动物领到水边，而是将水引到动物跟前。13A.attracted BusedCmade Dpowered答案：D power 此处为动词 ，意为“驱动；推动” ，这里指用电力或燃料驱动泵运转。14A.wellequipped BresponsibleCstrong Dnatu

26、ral答案：D 这里指这些植物是溪水和河流的天然屏障 ，A 、B、C 三项与语境不符。15A.when BunlessCin ease Duntil答案：A when 引导时间状语从句 ，当灌木丛被种植在水路附近的时候 ，它们就提供了很好的地面植被。16A.choose BprotectCenjoy Davoid答案：D 根据语境可知，此处为动物避开有尖刺的灌木丛。故选 D。17A.tops BflowersCroots Dleaves答案：C 由空后的“natural support for soil”和常识可知起到防止水土流失作用的是植物的根，故选 C。root “根，根茎” 。18A.e

27、asily BhardlyCalso Deither答案：C 这里是说种植在水路附近的树木的另一个作用，选 also 表示“也” 。19A.destroy BeaseCspeed up Dstop答案：B 这些树根在下雨期间防止土壤流失，使水流变缓。ease “减轻；缓解” ，符合语境。20A.though BbutCso Dtherefore答案：B 语境表示转折关系，这些办法不会解决所有的水质问题，但是这些是很好的第一步。 短文改错Cars are everywhere. In big city and small towns, the preferred method of transp

28、ortation is the automobile. People can get to where they need to go quickly and easy, and it has given a new kind of freedom to many people who may not have experienced it ago. But is driving really the best thing for our society? I argue that it is not. First, pollution was a serious problem, and m

29、ore cars only make them worse. There is just not way to reduce pollution without decrease the number of cars on the road. Second, cars are very dangerous. Traffic accidents are responsible tens of thousands of deaths every year. Finally, cars are so expensive for most people to afford. However, that

30、 doesnt stop lowincome families from spending the most of their money on the family car.答案：Cars are everywhere. In big and small towns, the preferred method of city citiestransportation is the automobile. People can get to where they need to go quickly and ， and it has given a new kind of freedom to

31、 many people who may not have easy easilyexperienced it . But is driving really the best thing for our society? I argue ago beforethat it is not. First, pollution a serious problem, and more cars only make was is them itworse. There is just way to reduce pollution without the number of not no decrea

32、se decreasingcars on the road. Second, cars are very dangerous. Traffic accidents are responsible tens of thousands of deaths every year. Finally, cars are expensive for for so toomost people to afford. However, that doesnt stop lowincome families from spending most of their money on the family car.

33、难项分析：第一处：citycities 考查名词。city 为可数名词，且前无限定词，故应用复数表泛指；另外 and 连接两个并列结构 ，根据“small towns”可知，city 应改为cities。第三处：ago before 考查副词。 ago 和 before 两者均可表示 “以前” ，但ago 前须接表示一段时间的词语，不可单独使用且通常与一般过去时连用；而before 除和表示一段时间词语连用用于过去完成时结构外，还可作为副词单独使用，表示“以前” 。故改为 before。第七处：decreasedecreasing 考查非谓语动词。介词后面要加动名词，所以改为 decreasing。