2019-2020学年人教新标准版必修1学案：Unit 2 Period One

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1、 The history of the English language really started when other peoples arrived in England during the 5th century.Old EnglishThe invading(侵略) Germans spoke similar languages，which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English.Old English didnt sound or look like todays English.Native English

2、 speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English.However，about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots.Middle EnglishIn 1066，the Norman invaded and conquered England.They also brought with them a kind of French， which became the language of th

3、e ruling and business classes.For a period，the lower classes spoke English and the upper(较高的) classes spoke French.In the 14th century，English became dominant in Britain again，with many French words added.This language is called Middle English.Late Modern EnglishThe main difference between Early Mod

4、ern English and Late Modern English is vocabulary.Late Modern English has many more words，resulting from two main factors： firstly，technology development created a need for new words；secondly，the British Empire at its height covered one quarter of the earths surface，and the English language used for

5、eign words from many countries.Now there are many other varieties of English in the world，such as Australian English，New Zealand English，Canadian English，South African English，Indian English and Caribbean English.根据短文内容回答下列问题What is the main idea of the text?The history of the English language.根据短文内

6、容判断正(T)、误 (F)1Nowadays，people have no difficulty in understanding Old English.(F)2Vocabulary is the main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English.(T)Period One Warming Up & ReadingPrereading匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思第一组1petrol A航行；航海2official B征服；占领3voyage C本国的；本地的；本地人；本国人4conquer D汽油5na

7、tive E官方的；正式的；公务的答案 1.D 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.C第二组6apartment A使富裕；充实；改善7actually B 公寓住宅；单元住宅8base C实际上；事实上9gradual D以为根据；基部；基地；基础10enrich E逐渐的；逐步的答案 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.E 10.A第三组11vocabulary A本身；本体；身份12spelling B流利地；流畅地13latter C词汇；词汇量；词表14identity D拼写；拼法15fluently E较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的答案 11.C 12.D 13.E 14.A 15.BStep

8、 1 Fastreading1Whats the main idea of the text?AHow to learn English well.BThe history of the English language.CThe differences between old English and modern English.DEnglish is widely used all over the world.答案 B2Find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 A All languages change when cultures

9、communicate with one another.So does English.Para.2 BHow English spread in the past.Para.3 CNative English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.Para.4 DBy the 19th century ，two big changes in English spelling happened.Para.5 EEnglish is spoken in many c

10、ountries.Para.1 B Para.2 C Para.3 A Para.4 D Para.5 EStep 2 CarefulreadingChoose the best answer.1Where did most of the English speakers live at the end of the 16th century?AAmerica. BEngland.CSouth Asia. DSouth Africa.答案 B2If people speak different kinds of English，they .Acant communicate with each

11、 otherBcan only be understood by those who speak the same kind of EnglishCcant be understood by foreignersDcan understand each other答案 D3According to the text，which of the following statements is TRUE?ALanguages always stay the same.BLanguages change only after wars.CLanguages no longer change.DLang

12、uages change when cultures change.答案 D4From Paragraph 3，we can learn that from AD 450 to 1150，English sounded more like .AGerman BChineseCFrench DRussian答案 A5Why does India have a very large number of fluent English speakers?ABecause Indians like learning English very much.BBecause India has the lar

13、gest number of English learners.CBecause Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.DBecause India has a close relationship with Britain.答案 CStep 3 PostreadingAfter reading the text，please fill in the following blanks.At the end of the 16th century，English was 1.mostly(most) spoken by people from England

14、.They were native speakers.Today，the largest number of people 2.speaking(speak) English may be in China.A lot of Chinese people speak English 3.as their foreign language.The English language 4.has changed(change) quite a lot over the last four centuries.Old English sounded more 5.or less like German

15、 for it 6.was based(base) on German，but modern English sounds 7.more(much) like French than German 8.because England was once ruled by the French.Two persons had great effects on the English changes.9.One was Shakespeare，who enlarged the English vocabulary；the other was Noah Webster，who wrote a dict

16、ionary 10.that/which gave American English its own identity.Step 4 Sentencelearning1Later in the next century， people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries.句式分析 本句为 and 连接的并列句。第一个分句的主干是 people made voyages

17、，为主谓宾结构；Later in the next century 为时间状语，from England 为定语修饰 people，动词不定式短语 to conquer other parts of the world 为目的状语；第二个分句的主干是 English began to be spoken，because of that 为原因状语，in many other countries 为地点状语。自主翻译 后来，在下个世纪，英国人出海远航以征服世界其他地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语。2At first the English spoken in England between a

18、bout AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.句式分析 本句为简单句，主干为 the English was very different from the English，为主系表结构，At first 为时间状语，过去分词短语 spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 和 spoken today 为后置定语，分别修饰第一个 the English 和第二个 the English。自主翻译 起初，大约在公元 450 年到公元 1150 年之间

19、，英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语有很大的不同。3Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150，English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.句式分析 本句为复合句，主句为 English became less like German；Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150 是时间状语；because 引导原因状语从句，其中 who ruled

20、 England 是定语从句，修饰 those。自主翻译 然后，渐渐地，大约在公元 800 年到 1150 年期间，英语变得不那么像德语了，因为那时英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。.阅读理解AEnglish has surely become the global language.Whenever we turn on the news to find out whats happening in East Asia，or Africa，or anywhere，people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English.

21、If people look at the facts about the amazing reach of the English language，many would be surprised.English is used in over 90 countries as an official or semiofficial language.English is the working language of many international institutes(研究所) as well as of most international research scientists.

22、It is also the language that Indian parents and black parents wish their children to learn.It is believed that over one billion people worldwide are now learning English.One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their lan

23、guage.English is spreading from northern Europe to the south and is now the second language in countries such as Sweden，Norway，Netherlands and Denmark.If one visits any of them，it would seem that almost everyone there can talk in English.Recently，a report said that at the beginning of 2001，English w

24、as the most widely known foreign language with 43% of Europeans saying they spoke it.The report also said that with over 89% of the population speaking English，Sweden now has the highest percentage of English speakers.Whats more，English is the language rated as most useful to know，and over 77% of Eu

25、ropeans who do not speak English as their first language consider it useful.语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 说 明 文 ，主 要 讲 述 了 英 语 在 世 界 上 的 广 泛 使 用 。1By writing this passage，the writer mainly wants to tell us .Awhy so many people speak English around the worldBthat English has become a language spoken all over the wor

26、ldCabout the development of English in EuropeDsomething about the Englishspeaking countries答案 B解析 主旨大意题。根据本文的第一句“English has surely become the global language.”以及下文的具体描述可知，作者写这篇文章主要想告诉我们，英语已成为全世界通用的语言。2According to the passage，what has played an important role in spreading English around the world?A

27、That governments have asked their people to learn it in school.BThat English is the most beautiful language in the world.CThat Europeans are willing to accept English as their language.DThat people have to use English in their work.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One of the most important causes of the spread

28、of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.”可知 C 正确。3What does the underlined word “rated” in the last paragraph mean?AStood. BAgreed.CConsidered. DArgued.答案 C解析 词义猜测题。根据语境以及最后一句中的“consider it useful”可知，rate 在这里意为“认为；看作” 。4What can we learn from the pass

29、age?ABlack parents dont want their children to learn English.BEnglish is used in over 90 countries as an official language.CNot all international research scientists speak English at work.DEnglish has become the most important language in Sweden.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“English is the working language.

30、as well as of most international research scientists.”可知，并不是所有的国际研究科学人员工作时都使用英语。BSome people learn a second language easily.Others have trouble learning a new language.How can you help yourself learn a new language， such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and

31、 more interesting.The first step is to feel positive about learning English.If you believe that you can learn，you will learn.Be patient.You do not have to understand everything all at once.It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new.We can learn from our mistakes.In other words，do no

32、t worry about taking risks(风险)The second step is to practice your English.For example，write a diary every day.You will get used to writing it in English，and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English.Several weeks later，you will see that your writing is improving.In addition，you must

33、 speak English every day.You can practice with your classmates outside class.You will make mistakes，but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.The third step is to keep a record of your language learning.You can write this in your journal.After each class，think about what you

34、 did.Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained？Perhaps the lesson was difficult，but you tried to understand it.You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it.It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achi

35、evements.You will enjoy learning English，and you will feel more confident in yourself.语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 关 于 学 习 英 语 的 几 条 建 议 。5To feel positive about learning English means “ ”Aif you are patient，you will learnBif you believe you can learn，you will learnCif you keep a record，you can improveDif you make

36、 mistakes ，you can learn from your mistakes答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first step is to feel positive about learning English.If you believe that you can learn，you will learn.”可知，B 项为正确答案。6According to the passage，what is not helpful for you to enjoy learning English?ATo communicate in English.BTo worry

37、 about taking risks.CTo make a record of the achievements.DTo think about what has been done after each class.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We can learn from our mistakes.In other words，do not worry about taking risks(风险) ”可知答案。7What does the underlined word “journal” in Paragraph 4 mean?ADiary. BComposition

38、.CMagazine. DNewspaper.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上一句“The third step is to keep a record of your language learning.”及第三段中的“write a diary every day”可知，此处句意为：你可以把这些写在你的日记里。故选 A。8What is the main idea of this passage?AIt is very important to learn a second language.BSome people learn a second language easily wh

39、ile others do not.CDont worry about making mistakes when learning a second language.DAdvice for people who learn English.答案 D解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.”以及下文的介绍可知，本文是关于学习英语的建议。故选 D。CIf you want to become a fluent English spea

40、ker you should take some advice.There are four skills in learning English.They are reading，listening，speaking and writing.The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening.Read as muc

41、h as you can.But your reading must be active.It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence， the meaning of the unfamiliar words，etc.There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across， but the fact that you see the

42、m for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them，for example in other passages or books，is enough.It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it.As for listening，there are two choices：besides reading，you can listen every da

43、y for about 30 minutes.You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading，then you can catch up on your listening.Since you have lots of inputs in your mind，you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say.This never means that you should not practice listening.For l

44、istening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children.Their languages are easy.Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day.Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes.If you follow the

45、se pieces of advice，your speaking and writing will improve automatically， and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect.语篇解读 如果你想学好英语，应该掌握其四种技能：听、说、读、写。读与听是学好英语的关键。9According to the author，which should you improve first among the four skills?AReading and listening.BReading a

46、nd writing.CWriting and speaking.DSpeaking and listening.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者认为要想提高说和写的能力，首先要掌握读和听的技能。10To improve your reading，when you read you should .Alook up all the new words in the dictionaryBthink about what you are reading activelyCspend more time studying grammarsDcopy as many words

47、 and sentences as possible答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，在阅读的过程中要积极思考。11The underlined phrase “come across” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by “ ”Ameet by accident BdiscoverCfind on purpose Dlook for答案 A解析 词义猜测题。此处是告诉读者没有必要去理解遇到的所有的不熟悉的单词，由此推知 come across 指“偶然遇到” 。12The author seems to agree with

48、 the view that .Aeveryone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every dayByou needn t practice listening if you keep on reading every dayCbeing good at reading is helpful in improving your listeningDyou should take notes of whatever you are hearing答案 C解析 推理判断题。由第三段第二句可知，作者认为多阅读有助于提高听力。.七选五Green is an important color in nature. 13 It is also the color of most growing plants.14 For example，a greenhorn is someone who has no experience or someone who is new to a situation.In the fifteen