2019-2020学年英语必修5北师大版学案：Unit 13 Period Seven

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1、Period Seven GrammarPast Participles & Modals for guessing.过去分词1At work ，it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.2Supported by his academic research，Professor Salovey suggests that.3People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well.4

2、Professor Mayer，recognised by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to peoples EQs，recently announced the results of a study on senior high school students.5They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students feelings compared to students who had not been involved in the stud

3、y.1以上句中，句 1 中的过去分词作宾语补足语；句 3 中的过去分词(短语) 作表语。2以上句中，句 5 中为单个的过去分词(disabled)作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；句 4 中为过去分词(短语)作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的 后面。3句 2 中的过去分词(短语)在句中作状语；句 5 中的过去分词 (compared)也是作状语。.情态动词表示推测1I think my French tutor might know one of them.2They might be sheltering in a cave.3They might have fallen behind.4He l

4、ooks upset.He must be having some problems.5I think the old woman must be a nice person.6You are wet enough.You must have got caught in the rain.7You cant have failed the exam.8He cant be home now.He just left five minutes ago.9He cant be playing basketball.The teacher is talking to him about his ho

5、mework.1may/might 表示“或许”。句 1 中，may/might be/do 是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“ 或许是/做某事” 。句 2 中，may/might be doing 是对现在正在进行的动作的推测，意为“或许正在做某事”。句 3 中，may/might have done 是对过去情况的推测，意为“或许做过某事” 。2must 表示肯定的推测，意为“一定” 。句 4 中，must be doing 是对现在正在进行的动作的推测，意为“一定是在做某事” 。句 5 中，must be/do 是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“一定是/做 ”。句 6 中 must have

6、 done 是对过去情况的推测，意为“过去肯定做过某事” 。3cant 表示“不可能” 。句 7 中，cant /couldnt have done 是对过去情况的推测，意为“不可能做过某事” 。句 8 中 cant be/do 是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“不可能做某事” 。句 9 中 cant be doing 是对现在正在进行的动作的推测，意为“不可能正在做某事”。一、过去分词的用法1过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面；如果是分词短语作定语，一般放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。We are going to discuss the problem disc

7、ussed at the last meeting.我们准备讨论上次会上讨论的问题。注意：(1)过去分词修饰something，anything，everything ，nothing，nobody，somebody，anybody 及 those 等不定代词时，要放在这些词的后面。Is there anything unsolved?还有什么没有解决的问题吗？(2)及物动词的过去分词作定语时，表示一个被动且完成的动作；不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示一个完成的动作。the fallen leaves 落叶a developed country 一个发达国家注意：1.过去分词作定语和现在分

8、词作定语的区别：(1)语态不同：过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示主动。The question given by him was very important.他给出的那个问题很重要。The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是 2016 年建的。(2)时间关系上不同：过去分词表示动作已经完成；现在分词表示动作正在进行。Error!Error!Error!2过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态 (being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别形式

9、语态 时态done 被动 完成being done 被动 进行to be done 被动 尚未发生The building built last year is our classroom building.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building being built now is our classroom building.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。2过去分词作状语(1)作时间状语Once published，t

10、he dictionary will be very popular.一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。(2)作原因状语Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry.由于被这个故事深深地感动了，孩子们开始哭了起来。(3)作条件状语Given more time，I could do it much better.如果多给点时间，我会做得更好。(4)作让步状语Repaired many times，the car still broke down on the road.尽管修了许多次，这辆车仍然在路上坏掉了。(5)作伴随状语The prof

11、essor sat there，surrounded by a lot of students.教授坐在那儿，许多学生围着他。3过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词可用在下列词的后面作宾语补足语。(1)表心理状态和感觉的动词，如 feel，see，hear，watch 等。Almost no student is seen punished in this school.在这所学校几乎看不到学生被惩罚。(2)表“致使”意义的动词，如 make，get，have，keep 等。He managed to make himself understood.他让别人明白了他的意思。(3)表“希望” “要求”等

12、意义的动词，如 want，wish，order，like 等。I want the problem settled tonight.我希望问题今晚能得到解决。4过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，除了可以用在系动词 be 之后外，还可用于 get，become 等之后，表示主语所处的状态。I was surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比赛中看见小吉米跑得这么快，我非常惊讶。二、表示推测的情态动词1must 用于肯定句中，意为“想必是，一定是” ，表示肯定的推测。mustError!The ground is rather w

13、et，so it must have rained last night，didn t it?地上非常湿，所以昨晚一定下雨了，不是吗？2may/might/could 用于肯定句中，意为“有可能” ，表示不太肯定的推测。may/might/couldError!Jane might be sleeping at home now.简现在可能在家睡觉呢。Your mother might have known the whole truth.你妈妈或许知道了全部真相。My friend might be wondering why I wont attend his party.我的朋友或许正在

14、纳闷，我为什么不去参加他的派对。3can 表推测时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中；但表示客观可能性时用于肯定句中，常译为“有时也会，有可能” 。Where can Mary have gone？She cant have gone to school.It is Sunday.玛丽究竟到哪里去了？她不可能上学去了，今天是星期天。In spring，it is usually warm here ，but sometimes it can be cold.春天，这里通常很暖和，但有时可能会很冷。4 “情态动词have done”的用法。(1)can have done 表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不

15、肯定，通常用在疑问句和否定句中。He cannot have forgotten it.他不可能忘记的。Can he have gone to his aunts?他可能去了姑姑家吗？(2)could have done 可用来表示推测，意为“可能已经” ，也可以表示“本可以做某事而未做”。He wasnt at home last night.He could have gone to the movies.他昨晚不在家，可能去看电影了吧。The accident could have been avoided.这场事故本来是可以避免的。(3)should/ought to have don

16、e 意为 “过去该做某事而没有做” ，表示说话者“后悔、遗憾或责备”的语气。I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard，but it was too late.我真后悔浪费了本该努力学习的光阴，但现在后悔已经晚了。(4)shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 意为“过去不该做某事却(已经) 做了” ，也表示说话者“后悔或责备”的语气。Im sorry for the words；I shouldnt have said to you like that.我很抱歉我所说的话，我本不应

17、该那样对你说的。(5)neednt have done 表示“本不必做某事却已经做了” 。Look，you neednt have bought those sweaters for me.I have just knitted one.看，你本不必给我买那些毛衣，我刚织了一件。5陈述句中 must，can(could)，may (might)等表推测时的反意疑问句。陈述句部分中的情态动词表推测时，要根据陈述句部分的真实结构，在附加疑问句部分采用与其相符合的助动词形式。You must be a writer，aren t you?你肯定是一个作家，对吧？(对现在情况的推测)She must

18、be sleeping now，isnt she?她现在一定在睡觉，对吗？(对此时此刻正在发生的事情的推测)He couldnt have attended your birthday party last night，did he?他昨天晚上不可能参加了你的生日聚会，对吗？(含有明确的过去时间状语或没有明确的过去时间状语，但谓语动词强调的是过去，视之为对过去情况的推测，附加疑问句部分应采用助动词 did。)He must have studied English for many years，hasnt he?他学英语一定很多年了，是不是？(没有明确的过去时间状语且谓语动词强调完成，视之为对

19、现在完成情况的推测，附加疑问句部分应采用助动词 have/has。).单句语法填空1I quickly lower myself， ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged(challenge)(2018 全国)2To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江)3Georg

20、e cant have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.(2016浙江)4Ordered(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016北京)5In art criticism ，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.(2016江苏)6It was really annoying；I couldnt get access to the

21、data bank you had recommended.(2016天津)7I neednt have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.(2015天津)8. Raised(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015重庆)9Absorbed(absorb) in painting ，John didn t n

22、otice evening approaching.(2015天津)10You must be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.(2015重庆).单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )1In their spare time，they are in planting vegetables in their garden.interestinginterested(2017全国，短文改错)2Mom was grateful and .(2016四川，短文改错) movingmoved.单句语法填空1Facing the pu

23、zzling situation ，the sales manager looked puzzled.(puzzle)2Founded(found) in 1993，the EU，together with the US，is one of the two largest economies in the world.3I didnt know the girl suspected(suspect) of having taken the money.4She looks worried(worry) these days.What do you think has happened to h

24、er?5Claire had her luggage checked (check) an hour before her plane left.6Hongcun，filled (fill) with lakes and beautiful Anhuistyle buildings，is 900 years old.7I had a special experience last night.My car engine suddenly stopped in the middle of a deserted(desert) road.8Another tradition is to have

25、their photographs taken(take)9In the end，each graduate received a pocketsize copy of the Constitution signed(sign) by Roberts.10Hearing the news，he became very sad and disappointed(disappoint).完成句子11The old lady must be tired after the long walk now.走了这么长的路，那位老太太现在肯定累了。12You shouldnt have told her t

26、he truth yesterday，did you?昨天你本不该告诉她事实的真相，不是吗？13You could/might have done better ，but you didnt try your best.你本来可以做得更好，但你没尽你最大的努力。14The temperature here can reach 39 in summer.这里的温度在夏天有时可能会达到 39。15You neednt have written so long a composition.The teacher said 100 words would be enough.你没有必要写这么长的一篇作

27、文。老师说 100 词就足够了。基础巩固.单句语法填空1Generally speaking，taken(take) according to the directions，the drug has no side effects.2The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain seated(seat) as the plane was making a landing.3All of us were moved(move) to tears while listening to the mans speech.4The girl

28、shouted loudly in order to make herself heard(hear) by the audience.5Your mother was satisfied with your performance，for she had a pleased(please) look on her face.6You must be careful not to let your baby get burnt/burned(burn) by the hot sun.7When he entered the room ，he found his desk moved(move)

29、 by someone.8While she was doing some shopping，she had her pursestolen(steal)9Driven (drive) by the rising price of gas，many car owners use their cars less frequently.10The manager was satisfied to see many new productsdeveloped(develop) after great effort.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )11The missing girl was la

30、st found in the park alone.playedplaying12When he woke up，he found himself by some people.surroundingsurrounded13. herself to the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own DevotedDevotingdaughter.14The young man of stealing the car was taken to the police station.accusingaccus

31、ed15. their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.ThrownThrowing.完成句子16The woman must have done it，for there was no one else in the room.一定是这个女人干的这件事，因为房间里没有别人。17Generally speaking，accidents can happen to any drunken driver.一般来说，事故可能会发生在任何一个醉酒的司机身上。18John look

32、s so sad.He may/might not have passed the exam.约翰看上去很难过，他可能没有通过考试。19The tall building designed by a young man looks so splendid.由一位年轻人设计的这座高楼看上去很壮观。20When asked about his family，the old man always keeps silent.当被问及他的家庭时，老人总是保持沉默。能力提升.阅读理解AStuck in Neutral by Terry TruemanThis novel tells the story o

33、f Shawn McDaniel，a 14yearold boy with brain disease.He is highly intelligent，yet unable to move his muscles or communicate.Through his firstperson description，he remains positive about his life，even when people treat him like his brain is damaged.This short novel forces young readers to think about

34、the assumptions they make about people with disabilities，and also addresses euthanasia(安乐死 ) and quality of life as relevant social problems.Angelas Ashes by Frank McCourtFrank McCourts memoir(回忆录) tells the story of his life growing up as an extremely poor child in Ireland and how he overcame those

35、 circumstances.He wrote the story to inspire young readers to make the most of what they have，and call on them to continue trying and overcome any difficulties they may face.The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch & Jeffrey ZazlowIn 2007，when he was only 46 years old，Randy Pausch suffered from cancer and l

36、earned he had only three to six months to live.After giving an inspirational lecture，Pausch coauthored a book named The Last Lecture with Jeffrey Zazlow within a few short months.In spite of his disease，the book is surprisingly encouraging.It encourages young readers to focus on whats truly importan

37、t in life.The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen ChboskyThis story has become a classic clue for its honest look at the everyday lives of teenagers.Through the eyes of the 15yearold writer，Charlie，the novel details the daily trails that many teenagers face，but it also deals with social problems

38、like drug abuse.It also focuses on the roles that friendship，family and love play in helping us get through difficult times.语篇解读 本文介绍了四本书的写作内容及其相关背景。21What can we know about Shawn McDaniel?AHe leads a sad life.BHe likes chatting with people.CHe is optimistic about his life.DHe is braindamaged.答案 C解析

39、 推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Through his firstperson description，he remains positive about his life，even when people treat him like his brain is damaged.”可知，Shawn McDaniel 对生活乐观向上。故选 C。22What does Frank McCourt write his memoir for?ATo recall his life.BTo show his childhood suffering.CTo show his talents in writ

40、ing.DTo influence young readers.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He wrote the story to inspire young readers to make the most of what they have，and call on them to continue trying and overcome any difficulties they may face.”可知，Frank McCourt 写回忆录是为了激励年轻读者。故选 D。23What leads Randy Pausch to write The Last Lectu

41、re?AThe importance of following dreams.BHis inspirational lecture.CHis suffering from cancer.DHis limited living time.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“After giving an inspirational lecture，Pausch coauthored a book named The Last Lecture with Jeffrey Zazlow within a few short months.”可知，Randy Pausch 是在发表了一场激励人心的

42、演讲后写了这本书。故选 B。24Why has The Perks of Being a Wallflower become a classic novel?ABecause it details teenagers daily lives honestly.BBecause it is written by a 15yearold teenager.CBecause it focuses on friendship，family and love.DBecause it deals with social problems like drug abuse.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据最后一

43、段第一句“This story has become a classic clue for its honest look at the everyday lives of teenagers.”可知，由于 The Perks of Being a Wallflower 如实地描述了青少年的日常生活，所以变成了一部经典小说。故选 A。BAt the beginning of this year，I decided I was going to quit Facebook.It was challenging，but I made it.And three months later，Ive le

44、arned a few interesting things.Im no longer surrounded by information that I dont want.I dont have to look at new baby pictures posted by someone I havent spoken to for 10 years，or read different opinions on whether the dress is blue or white.Instead，I can choose to read news，or get together with a

45、friend to talk about her most recent vacation.Life without Facebook is peaceful.Sure，the first few days I felt strange and uncomfortable.To ease the transition，I replaced some of my Facebook use with things like Instagram and Pinterest.I was also worried I would be missing out socially.As a matter o

46、f fact，I do communicate with far fewer people now.But Im having close relationships with the people that I actively seek out.You can really live without Facebook.People were shocked.My mom took it pretty hard.“How will I know which city youre in this week? How do I know who youre hanging out with？ ”

47、 she asked me after I told her Id quit Facebook.Friends and family knew about my situation through my Facebook profile.I guess its no surprise that going through someones Facebook page to stay uptodate on their lives is preferable to just picking up the phone.So many of the apps we use every day are

48、 tied to our Facebook profiles.Living in San Francisco，Lyft is my primary method of transportation，and though I was able to ask them to keep my account without Facebook，I no longer had a picture in my profile and drivers looked at me strangely when I got into their cars.I can no longer use Getaround

49、my primary way of getting out of the citybecause you cant use it at all without Facebook.语篇解读 本文介绍了 Facebook 在人们生活中的作用。作者讲述了自己放弃 Facebook 的过程以及母亲的反应，说明了 Facebook 在人们生活中其实并没有那么重要，没有 Facebook的生活也很好。25What can we infer from Paragraph 2?AFacebook is a good place to read news.BIts a good idea to contact f