2020年新课标通用高考英语一轮训练:专题一 语法基础考点十 名词性从句
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1、考点十 名词性从句限时 25 分钟一、单句语法填空1_ she was invited to the ball made her very happy答案:That 空格处引导主语从句 。从句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,因此用 that 引导该主语从句。2Children should be reminded of _ they should do in public places答案:what 句意:应该提醒孩子们在公共场所应该做些什么。所填词引导宾语从句且在从句中作 do 的宾语,意为“的事情” ,故用 what。3Dick enjoys painting but he knows the
2、 fact _ he doesnt have what it takes to be a professional答案:that 句意:迪克喜欢画画,但他知道自己没有成为一名专业画家所需要的( 素质)。that 引导同位语从句,说明 fact 的具体内容 。4Success partially depends on _ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly答案:whether 根据句子结构可知 ,设空处引导宾语从句;根据句意可判断,设空处意为“是否” ,其前有介词 on,故填 whether。5I lost my cell ph
3、one yesterday Can you tell me _ I can buy one?答案:where where 引导宾语从句 ,且在从句中作地点状语。6It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind答案:that it 为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的从句,从句中不缺少成分,且句意完整,因此用 that。7_ breaks the law will be punished答案:Whoever 句意:无论谁违法都将受到惩罚。主语从句中缺少主语,指人,并且表泛指,故用 whoe
4、ver。8She will give _ needs help a warm support答案:whoever 句意:凡是需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持。由句意可知,应填 whoever, 在宾语从句中充当主语。9I have no idea _ the girl is doing in her room now答案:what 句意:我不知道那个女孩现在在房间里干什么。由句意可知,应填 what,在同位语从句中作宾语,且意为“ 的事情” 。10_ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned
5、by asking questions 答案:What 分析句子成分可知,主语从句中缺少主语,且指事物,因此用 what。11Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565答案:when 句意:土豆被引入欧洲的确切时间不能确定,但很可能是1565 年左右。分析句子结构可知,设空处为主语从句的引导词,从 around 1565判断,这里指时间,故填 when。12It shocked the world _ the United States withdre
6、w from some major agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change and the 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal答案:that 句意:令世界震惊的是,美国退出了它所承诺的一些主要协议 ,包括 2015 年巴黎气候变化协定和 2015 年伊朗核协议 。此处 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句。13I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroo
7、m but Im not sure _ to begin答案:where 句意:我现在需要帮助!我不得不修理洗手间里一个正在漏水的管子,但是我不确定从何处着手。此处表示是管子哪里漏水,表示地点,填 where。14Forty grams of meat per day is _ people should consume in order to stay fit答案:what 句意:为了保持健康 ,人们每天应该消耗 40 克肉。 “_ people should consume”是表语从句,该从句中 ,consume 缺少宾语,且表示“所的东西” ,故要用 what 引导该从句。15The f
8、amous player tried again and again after each failure Thats _ he succeeded at last答案:why 句意:每次失败后,这位著名的球员一次又一次地尝试 。那就是为什么他最终成功了(的原因)。be 后面的是一个表语从句,用 why 引导从句,表示结果,故填 why。16The retired engineer is showing _ the wheelchair climbs stairs, which all the curious visitors want to know 答案:how 句意:这位退休的工程师正在
9、展示轮椅如何爬楼梯 ,这是所有有好奇心的游客想知道的。由句意可知,填 how,意为“怎么,如何” 。这是how 引导的宾语从句。17It hasnt been made clear _ the new underground line is to be open to traffic答案:when 句意:新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚。由句意可知,填when。这是 when 引导的主语从句 ,it 是形式主语 。18The problem is _ sometimes when we are given something on a constant basis, we start to tak
10、e it for granted and forget to be thankful for what we already have答案:that 句意:问题是,有时候当我们不断地被给予某些东西时 ,我们就认为这是理所当然的,从而忘记了要对我们已经拥有的东西应该心存感恩。由于从句中成分完整,因此应用 that 来引导,that 在从句中只起连接作用,不作任何成分。 19Ten percent of life is _ happens to you and ninety percent is _ you respond to it答案:what; how 句意:生活的百分之十是事件本身,另有百
11、分之九十在于你如何回应它。分析句子结构可知,第一空引导表语从句,happens to you 缺少主语,意为“什么事” ,因此应用 what 来引导;第二空也引导表语从句,you respond to it 成分齐全,因此应用 how,表方式。 20After a days exhausting climb we arrived at _ we had been told was Garden in the Air答案:what 句意:经过一天筋疲力尽的攀爬 ,我们终于到了那个被称为“空中花园”的地方。分析句子结构可知,at 为介词,后面是一个宾语从句,we had been told 为插入
12、语,宾语从句中缺主语,且在句中意为“的事物(东西)” , 故用 what。 21Sometimes, _ we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her答案:how 句意:有时我们如何表达对一个人的感激之情会体现在招待他或她的食物种类上。此处用 how,表方式,引导主语从句 。22It remains to be seen _ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going答案:whether 句意:这个计
13、划是否足够可行来让这个工程继续下去,还有待于进一步观察。whether 引导主语从句,it 是形式主语 。23Some summer camps can provide you with as many as ten courses, and you are required to choose _ suits you best 答案:whichever 句意:一些夏令营可以提供多达 10 门课程,你可以从中选择最适合自己的课程。choose 后面是宾语从句 ,从句中缺少主语,且前句提到范围即 as many as ten courses,故此处表示你最喜欢的任何一门,故填whichever。
14、24It is reported that a huge percentage of bird species are in danger Its _ their habitats or homelands are disappearing 答案:because 句意:据报道大部分鸟类正面临危险。这是因为它们的栖息地或家园正在消失。空格处引导表语从句。根据前后两句的关系,空格处表示因果关系,故使用 because。25I just wonder _ it is that all the villagers think highly of him 答案:why 句意:我就是想知道为什么所有的村民
15、对他的评价这么高 。wonder 后面用 why 引导宾语从句 。26If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose _ you have already filled out on this form答案:whatever 句意:如果你留下这个申请表不填,而去另一个网站,你将会丢失你在这个表格中已填好的任何东西。根据句意可知,是丢失已经填好的表格内容,用 whatever 引导。27_ theyve managed to get everything finished so quickly
16、 is not clear to us答案:How 句意:他们是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我们还不清楚。主语从句不缺少主语、宾语和定语,且由 managed to get everything finished 可知空格处是表示方式,因此填 How。28A proposal was put forward at the meeting _ the new cement plant shouldnt be built near the school答案:that 句意:一个建议在会上被提出来,新水泥厂不应该建在学校附近。本题考查的是同位语从句,句中的“that the new cement pl
17、ant shouldnt be built near the school”解释说明名词 proposal。29The most exciting moment was _ I was given the first prize答案:when 句意:我最兴奋的时刻是我获得第一名的时候。根据句中的“exciting moment”可知,此处是 when 引导的表语从句。30They are discussing the problem _ they should stop investing money in that project 答案:whether 句意:他们正在讨论是否应该停止向那个项
18、目投资的问题。分析句子结构,空格后面是一个同位语从句,解释前面“problem”的内容,根据句意,缺少表示“是否”的词,而 if 不能引导同位语从句 ,只能填 whether。二、单句改错1The fact when he had not said anything surprised me_答案:when that 本句中含有同位语从句,解释说明 The fact 的内容,从句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,故引导词用 that。2That the fat boy needs is much more practice_答案:That What is 前面的句子是一个主语从句,从句中缺少 nee
19、ds 的宾语,且意为“的事物(东西)” ,因此应用 what。3That we can arrive there on time depends on the weather_答案:That Whether 句意:我们是否能准时到达那里取决于天气。whether 引导的主语从句可置于句首,本句中的主语从句缺乏表示“是否”的连接词,故将 That 改为 Whether。4The reason why she doesnt like me is I make her angry_答案:is 后加 that is 后是一个表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,因此应用 that。表语从句中 th
20、at 不能省略。 “The reason why is that ”是一固定句型 ,意为 “的原因是” 。5I have been worrying about if I have hurt Marys feelings_答案:ifwhether 宾语从句位于介词之后,表“是否”时,只能用whether 引导 ,不能用 if。6That surprised us most was that Tom should have left without a word_答案:That What 引导主语从句并且在从句中作主语,且意为“的事情” ,应用 What。7Its no longer a que
21、stion now that man can land on the moon _答案:thatwhether 句意:现在,人类是否能登上月球已经不再是一个问题了。句中 it 作形式主语,真正的主语是 whether 引导的从句。8The real reason why I dont have a hobby is because I dont have time_答案:becausethat 句意:我没有爱好的真正的原因是我没时间。表语从句中不缺少成分,并且句意完整,因此应用 that。The reason why is that “的原因是” 。9The news they had won
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