2020年新课标通用高考英语一轮训练：专题二 语法运用考点十四 短文改错

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1、考点十四 短文改错Passage 1限时 7 分钟Do you believe love is the most important? In the early twenty century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in that they received little love At one time, Dr Skeels took twelve children from an orphanage or had a young girl look them each day He also studied

2、 another twelve children who are left in the orphanage all day long He followed these children not until they grew up, and the results were shocked The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses However, the twelve children loved by the girl were a

3、ll healthy and independently The only difference between the life of these childrenthe love, made a great difference to us答案：Do you believe love is the most important? In the early century, twenty t entiethhomeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in they received little that whichlove At

4、 one time, Dr Skeels took twelve children from an orphanage had a or andyoung girl look them each day He also studied another twelve children who afterleft in the orphanage all day long He followed these children until are werethey grew up, and the results were The children staying all day in the sh

5、ocked shockingorphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and The only independently independentdifference between the of these childrenthe love, made a great difference to life livesus them1twentytwentieth 考查数词。表示二十世

6、纪，不用基数词要用序数词，故将 twenty 改为 twentieth。2thatwhich 考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，修饰先行词orphanages， 关系词在定语从句中作状语 ，表地点 ，故定语从句用“介词which”引导 ，相当于 where，故将 that 改为 which。3or and 考查连词。 此处指 Dr Skeels 从孤儿院领出了 12 个孩子，并且让一个年轻女孩照顾他们。前后句是并列关系，不是转折，故将 or 改为and。4look 后加 after 考查动词短语。此处表示照顾，是 look after，故 look后加 after。5arewere 考查动词的时

7、态。此处指被留在孤儿院的另外 12 个孩子，故事发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故将 are 改为 were。6删除 not 考查连词。until “直到时” ，not until “直到才” ，此处指他密切关注这些孩子直到他们长大，根据句意删除 not。7shockedshocking 考查形容词 。此处表示结果是令人震惊的 ，用shocking。8independentlyindependent 考查形容词。此处作系动词 were 的表语，和 and 前的形容词 healthy 并列，也用形容词，故将 independently 改为independent。9life lives

8、考查名词 。此处指这些被调查的孩子的生活，用复数形式。故将 life 改为 lives。10usthem 考查代词。此处指代 these children，用 they 的宾格，故将us 改为 them。Passage 2限时 7 分钟Dear Tom，Were so glad youre coming to join us on Saturday Here is what you can find us Well have our picnic in the Peoples Park You know where it is, isnt you? After you entered the

9、park by the main gate, walk straightly on till you come to a stream Cross the stream and turning right After walking for a while and youll come to a hill Walk around to other side of the hill There youll see a lake Well have our picnic here in the small wood by the lake Im sure that youll have no tr

10、ouble finding us Looking forward to you arrivalYours，Li Hua答案：Dear Tom，Were so glad youre coming to join us on Saturday Here is you can what howfind us Well have our picnic in the Peoples Park You know where it is, you? After you the park by the main gate, walk on till isnt dont entered enter straig

11、htly straightyou come to a stream Cross the stream and right After walking for a turning turnwhile youll come to a hill Walk around to other side of the hill theThere youll see a lake Well have our picnic in the small by the here there wood oodslake Im sure that youll have no trouble finding us Look

12、ing forward to arrivalyou yourYours，Li Hua1whathow 考查表语从句的连接词。表语从句中缺少状语，并且表方式，故把 what 变成 how， 意为“如何” 。2isntdont 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的附加部分应与前面的陈述的主句保持一致，此处应借用助动词 do 来构成反意疑问句的附加部分。3enteredenter 考查动词的时态。本文通篇用一般现在时 ，故应保持时态一致。4straightlystraight 考查副词 。straight 形容词和副词同形 ，故副词形式为 straight。5turningturn 考查祈使句。与前面的 c

13、ross 并列，故应用动词原形。6去掉 and 考查句式结构 。本句是一个简单句，介词 after 引导时间状语，无须再加连词。7other 前加 the 考查冠词 。the other side of the hill “山的另一边” 。8here there 考查 here/there 的区别。与前一句中的“there”呼应，且此处表远指，应用 there。9woodwoods 考查名词。指“树林”时，应用名词 wood 的复数形式woods。10youyour 考查代词。修饰限定 arrival，应用形容词性物主代词your。Passage 3限时 6 分钟Dear Ginni，How

14、are you getting on these days?I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots (结 ) for me I make them myself with red silk thread, cloth and some other materials They look real beautiful in the shape of a diamond, about 5 inches long or 4 inches wide In China, this knots stand for friendship, love and

15、 good lucky People can either give them as gifts for friends or hang them in their houses They are only 1299 dollars every If anyone wants to know more about knots, let them write to me Also, do let me know if you are need further informationThank you!Zhang Lin答案：Dear Ginni，How are you getting on th

16、ese days?I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots (结) for me I them make ademyself with red silk ， cloth and some other materials They look thread threadsbeautiful in the shape of a diamond, about 5 inches long 4 inches real really or andwide In China, knots stand for friendship, love and good

17、People this these lucky luckcan either give them as gifts friends or hang them in their houses They are for toonly 1299 dollars every eachIf anyone wants to know more about knots, let them write to me Also, thedo let me know if you need further informationThank you!Zhang Lin1makemade 考查动词的时态。句意：我想知道

18、你是否能为我卖一些中国结。我用红丝线、布和一些其他材料制作了一些中国结。制作中国结是过去的行为，故该句要用一般过去时。故将 make 改为 made。2thread threads 考查名词。thread 意为“线” ，是可数名词，该处应用名词的复数形式。3real really 考查副词。修饰形容词 beautiful 用副词。4or and 考查连词。 这些中国结大约长 5 英寸 ，宽 4 英寸。长和宽是并列关系，不是选择关系，故应将 or 改为 and。5this these 考查指示代词。this 指“这个” ；these 指“这些” 。该处指上文提到的这些中国结，故将 this 改为

19、 these。6luckyluck 考查名词。作介词 for 的宾语应用名词。故将形容词 lucky改为 luck。7forto 考查介词。give sth to sb 意为“给某人某物” ，是固定短语。故改为 to。8every each 考查不定代词。句意：它们每个售价只有 1299 美元。当人或物作为个体看待时，应用 each，且在本句中意为“每个，各” ，故将every 改为 each。9knots 前加 the 考查冠词。该处特指上文提到的中国结。故要在 knots前加 the。10去掉 are 考查动词的语态 。句意：如果你需要进一步的信息，一定让我知道。主语 you 和 need

20、 之间是主动关系，故应将 are 去掉。Passage 4限时 8 分钟Recently we had a class meeting on the topic of My Chinese Dream Some mentioned the inspired Chinese Dream that was put forward by President Xi And others talked enthusiastically about his understanding of the Chinese Dream We are all believe that this dream will

21、come true in the future I also talked about my own dream I had always wanted to be a doctor Not only can doctors save peoples life but they also are doing a respectably job Doctors can also help people to live a better life without their professional knowledge To realize my dream, I should try to wo

22、rk hardly from now on I must learn as much as I can get into a good medical college, which I can prepare myself fully for the job of a doctor 答案：Recently we had a class meeting on the topic of My Chinese Dream Some mentioned the Chinese Dream that was put forward by President Xi inspired inspiringAn

23、d others talked enthusiastically about understanding of the Chinese his theirDream We all believe that this dream will come true in the future I also talked about my own dream I always wanted to be a doctor Not only had havecan doctors save peoples but they also are doing a job life lives respectabl

24、y respectableDoctors can also help people to live a better life their professional without withknowledge To realize my dream, I should try to work from now on I hardly hardmust learn as much as I can get into a good medical college, I can to which whereprepare myself fully for the job of a doctor 1i

25、nspiredinspiring 考查形容词。inspired 为由过去分词转化来的形容词，inspiring 为由现在分词转化来的形容词，本句中，inspire 和 Chinese Dream之间存在主动关系，应用现在分词转化来的形容词作定语，故把 inspired 改为inspiring。 2his their 考查代词。分析句子可知，是其他人热情地谈论了他们(their)对中国梦的理解，而不是他的(his)。故把 his 改为 their。3去掉 are 考查动词。 本句中的主语是 we，谓语动词是 believe，所以are 是多余的。而且从语法的角度来说 ，are 后不能直接跟动词原

26、形 。故去掉are。4hadhave 考查动词的时态。本句意是说“我一直想成为一名医生” ，应该用现在完成时，而不是过去完成时，故把 had 改为 have。5life lives 考查名词 。分析句子可知，本句说作为医生是能挽救许多人的性命。表示“生命” life 为可数名词。故把 life 改为 lives。6respectablyrespectable 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处需要修饰名词，所以不能用副词，而要用形容词，意为“令人尊敬的” ，故把 respectably 改为 respectable。7withoutwith 考查介词。根据句意可知，本句指的是医生也可以用专业知识帮

27、助人们过上更好的生活。而 without 意为“没有，无” ，因此改为with。8hardlyhard 考查副词。work hard 意为“努力工作” ，其中 hard 意为“努力地” 。而 hardly 意为 “几乎不，简直不” 。故把 hardly 改为 hard。9can 后加 to 考查动词不定式作目的状语。分析句子可知， “我”必须尽“我”所能，以便上一所好的医学院。因此 can 后缺少动词不定式符号 to。故在 can 后加 to。10which where 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，本句中“a good medical college”为先行词，引导词在定语从句

28、中作状语，且表示地点。故把 which 改为 where。Passage 5限时 7 分钟The environment pollution is more and more seriously today We have no clean water to drink it because of water pollution And when trees cut down, some animals disappear There was more and more dirty smoke in the air Peoples health has been greatly affecti

29、ng by air, noise and water pollution Many people have died of disease caused by pollution In order to live the better life, its time for us to protect our worldFirstly, we shouldnt throw away rubbish everywhere And we should recycle, reduce and reuse things, what saves money and reduces pollution Us

30、e things so long as possible Dont use plastic bags Besides, we must plant more trees and stop people cut them down We hope our world will be more and more beautiful答案：The environment pollution is more and more today We have no seriously seriousclean water to drink because of water pollution And when

31、 trees cut it aredown, some animals disappear There more and more dirty smoke in the was isair Peoples health has been greatly by air, noise and water affecting affectedpollution Many people have died of caused by pollution In order disease diseasesto live better life, its time for us to protect our

32、 worldthe aFirstly, we shouldnt throw away rubbish everywhere And we should recycle, reduce and reuse things, saves money and reduces pollution Use things what hichlong as possible Dont use plastic bags Besides, we must plant more trees so asand stop people them down We hope our world will be more a

33、nd more cut cuttingbeautiful1seriouslyserious 考查形容词 。作表语应用形容词。2去掉 it 考查动词不定式作后置定语。 “have no clean water to drink”中drink 的宾语是“no clean water”，故 it 多余，需删除。3trees 后加 are 考查动词的语态。因两句话中出现了连词 when，故前后两句话必须有主语和谓语动词，故用 are cut down 作谓语，表被动。4was is 考查动词的时态。上下文时态应保持一致 ，故用一般现在时。5affectingaffected 考查动词的语态 。此处指人

34、类健康受到影响 ，故应用被动语态。6diseasediseases 考查名词。diseases 指“多种疾病 ”。7thea 考查冠词。这里表示泛指，意为“过更好的生活” ，且 better 的发音以辅音音素开头，故将 the 改为 a。8whatwhich 考查定语从句的引导词 。what 不能用来引导定语从句，只能用来引导名词性从句，在定语从句中，指代前面的内容，表示“这一点，这件事” ，并且是非限制性定语从句，应用 which 来引导。9soas 考查固定结构。as形容词/副词原级as，在否定句中可把第一个 as 换成 so，但是其他情况下不能把 as 换成 so。10cutcuttin

35、g 考查非谓语动词。stop sb (from) doing sth “阻止某人做某事” 。Passage 6限时 7 分钟Daniel was born with a brain disorder Because of it, he was differently from other children As a boy, he likes to play alone and acted strangely To many of his classmate, Daniel seemed unusual and we laughed at him This hurt Daniel deeply

36、, but he became very shy As a teenager, things were changed Daniel found he could solve difficult maths problems almost instantly He also discovered other talent: he could learn to speak a language very quickly Today, he is fluent in twelfth languages As adult, Daniel has overcome his shyness He has

37、 written two books and now he travels constantly to talk to people with his life答案：Daniel was born with a brain disorder Because of it, he was from differently differentother children As a boy, he to play alone and acted strangely To many likes likedof his ， Daniel seemed unusual and laughed at him

38、This hurt classmate class ates we theyDaniel deeply, he became very shy As a teenager, things but so/andchanged Daniel found he could solve difficult maths problems almost instantly He also discovered talent: he could learn to speak a language very other anotherquickly Today, he is fluent in languag

39、es As adult, Daniel has twelfth twelve anovercome his shyness He has written two books and now he travels constantly to talk to people his lifewith about1differently different 考查形容词。 结合前面的系动词 was 可知，此处是 be different from “与不同” ，故改为形容词 different 作表语。2likesliked 考查动词的时态 。综合全文，讲述过去的事情即介绍Daniel 还是小男孩时的情

40、况 ，因此此处应该为一般过去时，故将 likes 改为liked。3classmate classmates 考查名词。结合前面的 many 可知，后面的名词应该是复数形式，故将 classmate 改为 classmates。4wethey 考查代词。 结合语境，此处表示他的很多同学嘲笑他 ，因此此处属于人称指代错误，故将 we 改为 they。5butso/and 考查连词。根据语境，此处表示由于这深深伤害了他，因此他变得很害羞，同学们嘲笑 Daniel 让 Daniel 很受伤和 Daniel 变得很害羞这两件事并不是转折关系，而是因果或并列关系，因此把 but 改成 so/and。6删

41、除 were 考查动词的语态。根据语境，此处表示事情发生了变化，是一种主动的行为，故将 were 删除。7otheranother 考查限定词。other 后加可数名词复数形式，而且 talent后有一个冒号，在解释说明 talent 的内容，他能够很快地学会一门新语言。这是一种技能，是除了“他能很快解决数学难题”外的“另一”技能，故把 other改成 another。8twelfthtwelve 考查数词。结合语境，此处表示他已经能够很流利地说 12 种语言了，此处表示数量，而不是第十二种语言，因此将 twelfth 改为twelve。9adult 前加 an 考查冠词。结合语境，adult

42、 是可数名词，而且根据前文“as a boy”， “as a teenager”可知，这里是 as an adult。此处表示作为一个成年人，他克服了他的害羞，因此在 adult 前加 an。10withabout 考查介词。此处是 talk to sb about sth “和某人谈论某事” ，因此将 with 改为 about。Passage 7限时 7 分钟Dear Steven，Im so glad to hearing from you You gave me a great time on the Great Wall that day, so I want to say than

43、k you I returned to my school while I got back from Beijing My school life is busy but interested Ive joined the English club and took part in many English activities after class, so my English has improved a lot of The proverb you mentioned come from a poem by Mao Zedong, first Chairman of China It

44、s meaning is “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man ” The Great Wall stands by difficulties a hero wants to overcome You are a true men now, aha!Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Steven，Im so glad to from you You gave me a great time on the Great Wall hearing hearthat day, so I wan

45、t to say thank you I returned to my school I got back while whenfrom Beijing My school life is busy but Ive joined the English interested interestingclub and part in many English activities after class, so my English has took takenimproved a lot The proverb you mentioned from a poem by Mao of come c

46、o esZedong, first Chairman of China meaning is “He who has never the Its Itsbeen to the Great Wall is not a true man ” The Great Wall stands by fordifficulties a hero wants to overcome You are a true now, aha!men anBest wishes!Yours，Li Hua1hearing hear 考查非谓语动词。be glad to do sth “因为做了某事感到高兴” 。2whilew

47、hen 考查连词 。while 引导的从句中需用延续性动词，when引导的从句中动词可以是延续性，也可以是非延续性。这里 got back 是非延续性动词短语，故用 when。3interested interesting 考查形容词。描述事物的特征，意为“有趣的” ，应用 interesting。4tooktaken 考查动词的时态。and 连接两个并列成分，前面时态为现在完成时，后面也应用现在完成时。5去掉 of 考查副词短语。a lot 可充当副词短语来修饰动词。6comecomes 考查主谓一致。单数名词作主语时，在一般现在时中，谓语动词用第三人称单数。7first 前加 the 考查

48、序数词的用法 。表顺序时，序数词前需加 the。8ItsIts 考查代词。修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词。9byfor 考查固定短语。stand for 意为“代表，象征” 。10menman 考查名词。由 a true 可知，名词应用单数形式，故用man。Passage 8限时 6 分钟The other day, some of my classmates and I took a bicycle trip along the Renmin Road, where was specially built for people to relax ourselves The scenery along the road was fascinating, with trees,