2020年新课标通用高考英语一轮训练：专题四 完形填空考点二十六 说明文

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1、考点二十六 说明文Cloze 1限时 12 分钟New Years Eve is a time to celebrate and enter the new year with a smile on your face When I was a kid, the thing I enjoyed most about New Years Eve was trying to stay awake until midnight My parents didnt _1_ me to go to bed early, but my heavy eyelids usually _2_ me well be

2、fore the new year arrived When I woke up the next morning, my mum would ask me if I wanted to make a New Years _3_ I had no _4_ what it was After she _5_ it to me, I said I would try to _6_ less with my older brother This got me a(n) _7_ and a pat on the head from my mum _8_， the resolution lasted o

3、nly until dinnertime, when my brother and I got into a(n) _9_ about who would set the _10_A New Years resolution is a decision to do or not to do something in order to _11_ a personal goal or break a habit It comes at a time when people _12_ the past year and make an effort to _13_ themselves as the

4、 new year beginsLike many _14_， New Years resolutions have a long and interesting _15_New Years Day was first celebrated 4,000 years ago in ancient Babylon Although the Babylonians did not have a written calendar, historians determined that they _16_ the start of the new year in late March with the

5、arrival of the spring seasonIf you would like to make a New Years resolution this year, there are some _17_ to consider, for example, volunteer at a church or animal rescue organizationRemember that it takes work to keep a New Years resolution Dont worry if you _18_ once or twice If you are _19_ to

6、what you want to accomplish, youll be a _20_ person at the end of the year than at the beginning1Asuggest Bforce Cdemand Dforbid答案：B 根据句意及生活常识可知，孩子平时是要按时睡觉的，但在新年尤其是新年前夕是可以熬夜的，所以父母在这一天不会强迫“我”去早些睡觉。故选 B。2Abetrayed Bbeat Csurprised Ddisappointed答案：B 由 but 可知，此处与上文形成转折关系，指新年还没到来， “我”就困了。根据常识可知，我们困了会说眼皮打

7、架了。故选 B。3Awish Bguess Cresolution Dcomment答案：C 根据常识可知，新年大人们常要孩子制定新的计划，故妈妈会问“我”的新年决心；第二段首句中的“resolution”是提示。故选 C。4Aplan Bopinion Cthought Didea答案：D “我”不知道那是什么。作为孩子自然不知道新年决心指的什么。故选 D。5Ashowed Bpassed Cleft Dexplained答案：D “我”不知道新年决心是什么，所以妈妈就向 “我”解释。explain sth to sb “向某人解释某事” ，故选 D。6Achat Btalk Cfight

8、Dshare答案：C 根据语境可知，既然是向妈妈表决心，肯定是好的行为。所以“少与哥哥打架”符合语境，故选 C。7Acomplaint Bblame Csmile Dhonor答案：C 根据语境可知， “我”说“我”尽量少与哥哥争执，妈妈拍了“我”的头，对“我”的新年决心表示肯定，故可推测出妈妈是高兴的，C 符合题意。8ALuckily BUnfortunately CAmazingly D Honestly答案：B 此处指早晨刚向妈妈表决心，可晚餐时又开始和哥哥争吵了，因此 unfortunately “不幸地 ”符合题意，故选 B。9Aargument Bsituation Cconver

9、sation Dagreement答案：A 不幸地是，决心仅仅持续到晚餐的时候 ， “我”和哥哥又开始争论，故选 A。10Afirework Bbed Ctable Dclock答案：C 由语境可知，此处指晚餐时摆餐具，故选 C。11Aaccomplish Bdesign Ccreate Dabandon答案：A 新年决心是为了实现个人目标或改掉习惯而去做什么或不做什么，故 A 符合题意。12Alook forward to Blook back on Clook down upon Dlook out of答案：B 分析后面的宾语是“the past year”，指过去的一年，即回顾过去的一

10、年；对新的一年才用 look forward to “期待 ，希望” ，故 B 符合题意。13Aimprove Benjoy Centertain Drelax答案：A 分析句意可知，此处指新年伊始，努力提高自己 ，故选 A。14Ahabits Bplaces Ccountries Dtraditions答案：D 分析句意并结合选项可知，此处指新年决心像其他传统一样 ，故选 D。15Astory Bmeaning Chistory Dmystery答案：C 由下一段中的第一句可知，此处指在新年来临前夕表达决心的传统有悠久的历史，故选 C。16Aobserved Bwitnessed Cfixe

11、d Destablished答案：A 本文主要讲述新年的庆祝，此处指巴比伦人在 3 月末，随着春季的来临庆祝新年的开始，observe “庆祝；欢度” ，故选 A。17Arequirements Bfactors Crules Dchoices答案：D 本句中所举的例子针对新年决心提出了几个选择 ，故 D 符合题意。18Aslip up Bmake up Cturn up Ddraw up答案：A 要坚持新年决心是需要努力的。如果你有一两次疏忽 ，不要担心。slip up “疏忽” ，故选 A。19Acalm Bdevoted Cgrateful Denthusiastic答案：B 由上文中对

12、新年决心的解释可知，此处指倘若你专心于你想要实现的新年决心，故选 B。20Awealthier Bsmarter Chealthier Dbetter答案：D 根据句意可知，如果你专心于你想要实现的新年决心 ，年底时，你会发现自己比年初更优秀。故选 D。Cloze 2限时 13 分钟Organizing a smooth journey takes a lot of planning Just a bit of foresight will help you truly _1_ and enjoy what holidays have to offerBefore you travel, yo

13、u need to first _2_ your needs Sit down together with the people with whom you will be traveling What are the needs this trip _3_？ Rest, cultural discoveries, work, or sports? Then, set a(n) _4_ for yourself Vacations that far exceed (超出) the money available will give you stress, which is _5_ to wha

14、t youre looking for _6_ think over all those important _7_ you need, and begin early the _8_ needed to obtain them before leaving Whether it is your passport, an international driving license, travelers checks, or train tickets, all these need time to be _9_ forDuring the journey, enjoy yourself! Th

15、ere are so many people who _10_ all that theyve left back home What can you do anyway, sitting on your island paradise (乐园 )? You can solve problems, if any, when you _11_ Learn to awaken your _12_ Listen to new songs of birds Touch the _13_ and warm sand Watch a sunset splitting itself into all kin

16、ds of colors Delight in the good _14_ of the food on your plate _15_ every second available to you and consider yourself blessed to be there at that timeIf you were _16_ abroad, when you come back, visit your doctor without delay Above all, dont _17_ the end of the holiday Thatll cause you to lose w

17、hatever good you got out of it _18_ you were lucky to have had one, and continue to live a better life _19_ is stopping you from choosing to continue life a little slower, a little _20_， and much happier!1Astudy BrelaxChide Dunderstand答案：B 结合下文语境可知，此处指如果你提前做好准备的话，你便会真正放松下来(relax)，好好享受假期给你带来的一切。故选 B。

18、2Aplan BmeetClist Drealize答案：C 根据第 3 空所在句子及下一句可知，在旅行之前，你必须先列一个必需品清单。list your needs “列出你的需求” 。故选 C。3Alies in Bcalls forCresults in Dwaits for答案：B 根据该空后的“Rest, cultural discoveries, work, or sports？”可知，此处意为“这次旅行需要满足什么需求？”call for 意为“需要” ，符合语境。lie in “在于” ；result in “导致” ；wait for “等候” 。4Abudget Borde

19、rCdate Dintention答案：A 根据下文中的“Vacations that far exceed (超出) the money available will give you stress”可知，此处指应给自己做个预算 (budget)。故选A。5Asensitive BoppositeCsimilar Dobvious答案：B 根据“give you stress”可知，这与你所想要的相反。句意：实际花费远远超过预算的假期将给你带来压力，这是与你期望的事情背道而驰的。sensitive “敏感的” ；opposite “相反的” ；similar “类似的” ；obvious “

20、明显的”。故只有 opposite 最符合语境。6AEspecially BThereforeCFinally DStill答案：C 结合上下文可知，第二段介绍了三个在旅行前的注意事项，此前已经提出了两项(即列出必需品清单和做预算)，此处应是最后一项，所以选finally。7Ameetings BtoolsCclothes Ddocuments答案：D 根据下文中的“your passport, an international driving license, travelers checks, or train tickets”可知，这些都是重要的证件，所以此处意为“好好考虑一下你需要哪些

21、重要证件(documents)” ，故选 D。8Asteps BmovementsCclasses Dincidents答案：A 根据语境可知，此处指为了得到下文所提到的重要证件所需要做的准备工作，故 step “步骤” ，符合语境。9Apaid BappliedCarranged Dbegged答案：C 句意：无论是你的护照、国际驾驶证、旅行支票，或者火车票，所有这些票证都需要时间来准备。arrange for 意为 “为做准备” ，符合语境，故选 C。pay for “为 付钱；赔偿” ；apply for “申请” ；beg for “乞讨；乞求” ，均不符合语境，可排除。10Atell

22、 about Bworry aboutCtalk about Dlearn about答案：B 结合本段的主题句“During the journey, enjoy yourself！”可知，此处作者是在陈述这样一个事实，即很多人虽然已经出去玩了，但却心神不安，还在为家里的一切担心(worry about)。故选 B。11Aleave BcomeCstay Dreturn答案：D 这里表示如果有问题，你可以等到回来 (return)时再解决。故选D。12Aemotions BhappinessCsenses Dmemory答案：C 根据下文的“Listen”“Touch”和“Watch”可知，

23、此处指唤醒一系列感觉(senses)，故选 C。13Asoft BwetChot Dspecial答案：A 根据常识并结合语境可知，沙子是柔软的 ，故选 A。句意：抚摸柔软而温暖的沙子。14Aqualities BtastesCdesigns Dfeelings答案：B 根据空格后的“the food on your plate”可知，此处指食物的味道(tastes)。故选 B。15AMake the most of BGet prepared forCBe engaged in DGet hold of答案：A 句意：充分利用好可利用的每一秒，并为你此刻能在此地好好地享受一切而心存感激。ma

24、ke the most of “充分利用” ；get prepared for “为做准备” ；be engaged in “从事于” ；get hold of “把握；得到” 。根据句意可知，应选 A。16Anervous BviolentCill Dsad答案：C 根据后半句中的“visit your doctor without delay”可知，此处是指如果你在出国期间生病了(ill)。故选 C。17Ajudge BaffectCtrust Ddestroy答案：D 句意：最重要的是，不要把假期的末尾破坏了 。此处指不要因为生病而影响了旅行的心情。故选 D。18AExpect BAdm

25、ireCAdmit DFind答案：C 根据语境可知，此处指你要承认很幸运能有这么一个假期，并继续更好地生活下去。故选 C。19AEverything BNothingCAnything DSomething答案：B 根据语境可知，没有什么可以阻止你选择以一种慢节奏去继续生活。故 B 项符合语境。20Acalmer BlongerCharder Dwealthier答案：A 根据空格前后的“slower”和“happier”可知 ，此处应填一个能体现美好的生活状态的词，calmer 意为“平静的” ，符合语境。故选 A。Cloze 3限时 14 分钟Communication is an im

26、portant part of any relationship Many of us are _1_ to share our experiences or emotions with our friends But when its our turn to lend a(n) _2_， we soon become bored or are short of ideas on how to _3_ and offer adviceThats because of what researchers call “listener burnout (精疲力竭)” A friend might t

27、alk to us _4_， often complaining about the same _5_ problems When we offer quick advice to _6_ the situation, we may be unconsciously trying to _7_ ourselves from burnout However, good listeners _8_ their natural tendency to solve the others problems hurriedly and to keep the conversation briefTo be

28、 a good _9_， you need to use “active listening” It starts with the real _10_ to help others and think through their feelings Dont _11_ things You can start by putting your phone _12_ and sitting close to your friend Let your facial expressions _13_ what he or she is saying _14_ you are able to fully

29、 understand, acknowledge the other persons _15_ by reflecting them back：“That must be really hard for you ” Use _16_ words or even sounds such as “yes”， “right”，and “hmm” to _17_ the other person to continueOf course, a _18_ can be extremely hard if the other person is too critical But dont get defe

30、nsive Effective listeners dont _19_ negative criticism Instead, they listen and understand what the person is trying to convey _20_ responding1Aafraid BhesitantCshy Deager答案：D 根据下一句中的关键信息“But bored or are short of ideas”可知，我们许多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的经历或情感。be eager to do sth “渴望做某事” 。2Ashoulder BhandCear Deye答案

31、：C 根据第二段中关键信息“listener burnout”可知，当我们要倾听时，会有不一样的反应。lend an ear 为固定短语，意思为“倾听” ，符合语境。3Arespond BexplainCargue Dquit答案：A 根据下文的“and offer advice”可知，当我们作为倾听者时，对于如何作出反应(respond)和提供什么样的建议就没有了主意。4Aaimlessly BendlesslyCdeliberately Dcautiously答案：B 根据下文中的“often complaining”可知，朋友可能会经常无休止地对着我们抱怨老掉牙的问题。endlessly

32、 “无休止地”符合语境。5Adifficult Bold Cacute Dsensitive答案：B 由关键词 often 可知，应是同样的陈旧的问题。6Afix BdiscussCcreate Ddescribe答案：A 由上文的“offer quick advice”可知，应选 fix，表示“解决” 。7Aforgive BprotectCdiscourage Dprevent答案：B protect sb/sth from sth表示“保护某人/某物免于某事” ，符合语境。8Afollow BdisplayCform Dovercome答案：D 然而，好的倾听者会克服(overcome)

33、他们的自然倾向来迅速解决他人的问题。9Areader BpartnerClistener Dspeaker答案：C 由下文的“active listening”可知，此处指做一个好的倾听者(listener)需要积极地倾听他人诉说。10Ademand BhabitCdesire Dability答案：C 根据上文“active listening”可知，好的倾听者开始时要有真正的要帮助别人的渴望(desire)，并认真考虑他们的感受 。11Askip BrushCoverlook Dpostpone答案：B 由前句中“think through their feelings”可知，作者建议倾听

34、者不要断章取义，仓促做事。rush things 表示“仓促做事” ，符合语境。12Aaway BoffCout Dup答案：A 根据语境可知，既然要好好地倾听，那么就要把你的手机收起来(putting your phone away)，与下文“sitting close to your friend (紧挨着你朋友坐)”相呼应 。13Arecord BrestrictCreflect Dreplace答案：C 由第 15 空后的“by reflecting them back”可知，这里表示让你的面部表情表现出你是在对你朋友所说的话作出反应。14AWhether BSinceCWhile D

35、If答案：A 作为一个倾听者，不管(Whether)你是否能够完全理解对方 ，你都要对对方的感情作出回应。15Asuggestions B purposesCresponses Dfeelings答案：D 根据上文“and think through their feelings”可知，这里表示理解他人的感受(feelings) 。故选 D。16Abig BtoughCstrong Dshort答案：D 由下文的“yes”， “right”和“hmm” 可知，要用简短的(short) 语言来鼓励他人继续说下去。17Aforce BremindCencourage Dconvince答案：C 这

36、些简单的反应都是在鼓励(encourage)对方继续说下去。18Aconversation BsuggestionCproblem Dlecture答案：A 由第 20 空前的“what the person is trying to convey”及语境可知，这里说的是谈话(conversation)很难进行下去。19Agive up Bmake upCleave out Dblock out答案：D 根据下文“Instead, they listen and understand”可推知，一个优秀的倾听者是不会规避负面评论的。block out “不去想；抹去 ”。20Aafter Bbe

37、foreCwhile Donce答案：B 根据语境可知，一个好的倾听者在回应之前会充分理解他人所要表达的意思，与上文“you are able to fully understand”呼应。故选 B。Cloze 4限时 13 分钟Ecotourism involves people traveling to beautiful but environmentally sensitive places Such trips are _1_ carried out with an experienced guide Over recent years, this type of travel ha

38、s been steadily gaining _2_ as more people search for new travel experiencesEcotourism has many benefits First, all the _3_ spent by the tourists is used to _4_ the important environmental spots they visit Second, it helps _5_ to better understand the environment, thereby _6_ their knowledge of the

39、world Furthermore, this style of travel is also more _7_ of the local cultureCompared to _8_ tourists, ecotourists use energy more efficiently, save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to _9_ it These behaviours have a _10_ and lasting effect on the local environmentTwo things are needed

40、to make ecotourism a(n) _11_ First, it should be done in small groups And second, because it requires considerable effort, both ecotourists and locals must be _12_ in their commitment to improving the environmentGreen travel provides local people with jobs in parks, _13_ and shops One great achievem

41、ent of ecotourism has been the _14_ of illegal hunting Former hunters can now work as guides to help keep the animals _15_ in their natural surroundings Green travel also _16_ local peoples quality of life, especially childrensPeru is one country using ecotourism to promote respect for the _17_ Its

42、now able to take better care of its rainforests because of a(n) _18_ on more sustainable (不破坏生态平衡的，可持续的) travel _19_ this, local peoples living standards have improved Many others are now following Perus _20_and using ecotourism to preserve their environment for the future generations1Afinally Busua

43、lly Csuddenly Droughly答案：B 根据下文“Over recent years, this type of travel has been steadily gaining”可知，这样的旅行通常在有经验的导游的帮助下进行。故 B 项正确。2Apleasure Bsatisfaction Cpopularity Dfreedom答案：C 根据下文“more people search for new travel experiences”可知，更多的人寻求新的旅游体验，所以这种旅行受到大家的欢迎。故 C 项正确。3Amoney Btime Cenergy Deffort答案：A 根据下文“is used to _4_ the important environmental spots they visit”可知 ，游客所花的钱被用于重要的生态景点。 故 A 项正确。4Apollute Bprotect Cpurchase