2019-2020学年北师大版英语选修6学案含解析：Unit 18 Period Six

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1、Period Six Grammar Used to and would & Determiners感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1.In 19th-century Europe，women used to wear corsets to achieve a body shape that is no longer considered healthy.2.Men would wear woollen shawls across their shoulders.3.It is hard to imagine that they would be seen as attractive in

2、the 21st century.4.I called on Sherlock Holmes on the second morning.5.There is a story about that hat which will help you solve another mysterious crime.6.There is some dust on it and several spots.7.The text first mentions a man and a goose and later the man and the goose.8.He doesnt do much exerc

3、ise and he hasnt got gas in his house.9.I kept the hat and Peterson had the goose for his Christmas dinner.1.句 1、句 2 和句 3 都表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，used to 与 would 可以互换。2.数词作限定词的是句 4；冠词作限定词的是句 5 和句 7；形容词作限定词的是句 6 和句8；形容词性物主代词作限定词的是句 9。.used to 和 would1.used to 与 would 的共同之处：(1)used to 与 would 都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的

4、动作，常常可以换用。He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books.过去，他常常把挣来的钱全花在买书上。(2)used to 与 would 都不能与表示动作发生的具体频度或具体的一段时间的词连用。I used to/would go to France six times.()I went to France six times.()我去过法国六次。He used to/would live in Africa for twenty years.()He lived in Africa for twenty years.()他在非洲

5、住了二十年。2.used to 与 would 的区别主要有以下几点：(1)used to 可表示过去的习惯动作或状态，而 would 只表示过去的习惯动作。When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer.小时候，每到夏天我们都会去游泳。He is not what he used to be.他已非昔日的他了。(不能用 would)(2)used to 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，现在已经结束；would 则表示有可能再发生。People used to believe that the earth was fl

6、at.过去，人们总以为地球是扁平的。(现在已不再这样认为)He would go to the park as soon as he was free.过去，他一有空就去公园。(现在有可能还去)(3)would 表示反复发生的动作。如果某一动作没有反复性，就不能用 would，只能用 used to。And from that day on，as soon as the table was cleared and the dishes were gone，mother would disappear into her sewing room to practise.从那天起，只要一撤掉盘子、清

7、理干净饭桌，妈妈就马上躲进做针线活的房间练习起来。(具有反复性)I used to live in Beijing.我过去住在北京。(没有反复性 )注意：used to 的否定句和疑问句：1.过去我不喜欢歌剧。I used not to like opera.I usednt to like opera.I didnt use to like opera.2.过去你喜欢歌剧吗？Used you to like opera?Did you use to like opera?3.你过去喜欢歌剧，是吗？You used to like opera，didnt/usedn t you?4.过去这里有

8、座教堂，是不是？There used to be a church here，usednt/didn t there?.限定词限定词是指在名词前起限定作用的词。现代英语中，限定词包括冠词、形容词性物主代词、形容词性指示代词、形容词性不定代词以及数词等。1.使用限定词的选择取决于其后的名词的类别，即：单数名词、可数名词复数和不可数名词三类。(1)只能与单数名词搭配的限定词有 a(n)，one，another， each，every，either，neither ，many a，such a 等。如：each employee，either book，a banana，another book，e

9、very student 等。(2)只能与可数名词复数搭配的限定词有 both，two，another two/three，many，(a) few，several，these，those，a (great) number of 等。如：both computers，several magazines，a number of travelers，many desks，(a) few buildings，these/those apple trees，another two/three artists 等。(3)只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词有 a (little) bit of，a great

10、amount of，a great deal of，(a) little，much 等。如：a bit of milk，a great amount of water，a great deal of work，(a) little time，much noise 等。(4)能与可数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词有 a lot of，lots of，plenty of，enough ，more，most，such 等。如：a lot of buses，a lot of money，plenty of chairs，plenty of water，more articles，more time，mo

11、st students，most work 等。2.冠词 a/an/the 和零冠词(1)不定冠词 a/an只能与可数名词单数连用，用于以下情况：Error!He is looking for an assistant.他正在寻找一个助手。A child needs love.孩子需要关爱。(2)定冠词 the用于以下情况：Error!The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。The tallest student is playing the piano.最高的那个学生在弹钢琴。the Alps，the Yangtze Riv

12、er，The Times，the Peoples Republic of China，the Olympic Games， the Smiths(3)零冠词用在不可数名词和可数名词复数前，此外，还用于以下情况：Error!We used to play football on Saturday while we were in China.过去在中国时，我们常常在星期六踢足球。.单句语法填空1.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years，while rice has increased only 7

13、percent.(2018全国)2.Unexpectedly，Im face-to-face with the gorilla，who begins screaming at the top of her lungs.(2018全国)3.This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over the top.(2017全国) 4.Instead，she is earning 6,500 a day as a model in New York.(2017全国)5.By tha

14、t time，the panda no longer needed its(it) mother for food.(2016四川)6.The prize for the winner of the competition is a two-week holiday in Paris.(2016浙江)7.Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be a Beethoven.(2015四川)8.In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in others，knives

15、and forks.(2014福建)9.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends.(2014四川)10.Now，years later，this river is one of the most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.(2014新课标全国).单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )1.During my last winter holiday，I went to countryside wi

16、th my father to visit my thegrandparents.(2018全国，短文改错 )2.The first time I went there， they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and anotherotheranimals.(2018全国，短文改错 )3.As kid，I loved to watch cartoons，but no matter how many times I asked to.thea(2018全国，短文改错)4.I still remember how hard first

17、day was.(2017全国，短文改错) the/my5.Mr and Mrs Zhang 或 all work in our school.(2017全国，短文改错)allboth6.They live far from the school，and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work aan/oneevery day.(2017全国，短文改错 ) 7.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days.yourmy(2017

18、全国，短文改错)8.But in that case，we will learn little about world.(2016全国，短文改错) the9. rare animals are dying out.(2015全国，短文改错)MuchMany10.She used to me on her knees and sing old songs.(2013新课标全国，短文改错)holdinghold.单句语法填空1.When studying in the university，the two girls used to play(play) together.2.He would/u

19、sed to go(go) to climb the hill when he was only a child.3.They chose her to be their captain because they knew she was a smart leader.4.Im considering buying a gift for Mum，one that is to her taste.5.The professor has two sons， but neither of them lives with him.6.Bras explained that he is sick of

20、the pressure of trying to keep his stars.(2018吉林长春高三质检)7.The Forbidden Citythe center of the Beijing city，was the royal palace.(2018湖南三湘名校高三模拟)8.The lasting presence of a mobile phone reduces peoples intelligence and attention，a study has found.(2018四川乐山高三模拟)9.We should treasure every moment of sinc

21、erity and gratefulness because the best things will be gone very easily.(2018安徽皖南八校高三联考)10.If you dont like this coat，you may try another one.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )11.With time going by，he has got used to alone.liveliving12.The woman used to by the river when she was young.walkingwalk13.The climate here

22、 is much warmer than in that city.thosethat14.The southerners usually have rice for the lunch.15.As a writer，he is regarded to be failure. a.完成句子16.My father used to smoke a lot，but now he has given it up.我爸爸过去吸烟很多，但是现在他戒了。17.He would/used to go swimming every weekend while in that village.在那个村里时，他常

23、常每个周末都去游泳。18.It was her mother that helped her in the first few weeks.在最初几周里，是她的妈妈帮助了她。19.There are some apples in the bag and several apples have gone bad.书包里有些苹果，有几个已经变质了。20.This coat is too small.Could you show me another one?这件外套太小了，你能再给我拿一件吗？基础巩固.单句语法填空1.I got the story from Mike and some other

24、 people who had worked with him.2.Lucy waited for a reply，but none came.3.This shop whose owner is a young boy has attracted many customers.4.A John called during his absence.5.The country life he was used to has changed(change) greatly since 1990s.6.I used to be afraid in my room，but now I am used

25、to living(live) there alone.7.When my uncle was there，he used to go(go) to the coffee shop every day.8.Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up the weakening of the human body.9.We can try thatbut whether itll work is another matter.10.There are several bags(b

26、ag) in the room and they are from Tom.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )11.To keep healthy，youll have to get used to exercises every day.dodoing12.He has two sons.One is a doctor and the is a teacher.anotherother13.The cost of purchasing a house in key cities is usually higher than in towns.onethat14.A good many of

27、 women went to the cinema to see the film.15.The scene is so attractive that she has decided to stay here for one week.moreanother.完成句子16.There used to be an old temple behind the old tree.过去这棵古树后面有一座古庙。17.My mother would say， “Where there is a will，there is a way. ”妈妈过去常说， “有志者，事竟成。 ”18.She went to

28、 visit her friends and spent the last sunny days at the seaside.她去拜访了朋友，在海边度过了最后的阳光灿烂的日子。19.I heard that several students had been sent to attend the ceremony.我听说昨天有几个学生被派去参加典礼了。20.To help us finish the work， he decided to stay for another month.为了帮助我们完成工作，他决定再待上一个月。能力提升.阅读理解 Putting more green spac

29、e around an elementary school may help students develop some mental abilities，a study suggests.Researchers tested students repeatedly over the course of a year on attentiveness(专注) and working memory，which is the ability to keep something in mind temporarily for performing a task.The study tracked m

30、ore than 2,000 students in 36 primary schools in Barcelona，Spain.The pupils were in the second to fourth grade when the study began.Overall，students whose schools were surrounded by more green space improved more than pupils from schools with less green space.“Policy makers should know that more gre

31、en space around the school is better for cognitive(认知的) development and that they should make sure that kids can see and play in green areas， ” one author，Mark Nieuwenhuijsen of the Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology in Barcelona，said in an email.“Existing urban schools should think a

32、bout replacing concrete or other hard surfaces with green space，and even a few trees may help， ” he suggested.The researchers used satellite images to group schools according to how much green space appeared on the school ground and within about 55 yards of the schools surrounding property.Their ana

33、lysis indicated that differences in socio-economic factors between schools did not account for the study outcome.Sally Augustin，a psychologist in La Grange Park，Illinois，who used research on how people react to their surroundings to consult on design of buildings，products and services，said the resul

34、ts made sense to her.Augustin，who did not participate in the new study，said the results fit with previous findings that views of nature help children and adults lower stress and perform mental tasks better.语篇解读 本文介绍了一项研究，研究发现绿化环境好的小学能帮助孩子们提高某些心智能力。21.What do we know about the findings of the study?A

35、.Attentiveness is the most important quality for students.B.A good memory enables students to perform a task better.C.More green space may help the mental development of students.D.Schools surrounded by more green space are favored by parents.答案 C解析 细节理解题。第一段就指出绿化环境好的小学能帮助孩子们提高某些心智能力，下文一直在围绕这一话题展开。故

36、选 C。22.According to Mark Nieuwenhuijsen，policy makers should .A.reduce the noise near the schoolB.reduce air pollution from vehiclesC.provide more green space for kidsD.encourage kids to play more sports答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Policy makers should know that more green space around the school is better

37、for cognitive(认知的) development and that they should make sure that kids can see and play in green areas”可知，Mark Nieuwenhuijsen 认为决策者们应该给孩子们提供更多的绿化空间。故选 C。23.How are the schools classified by the researchers?A.By green space. B.By test scores.C.By size. D.By position.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The research

38、ers used satellite images to group schools according to how much green space appeared on the school ground and within about 55 yards of the schools surrounding property.”可知，研究者们根据学校绿化的比例将学校进行了分组。故选 A。24.Why is Augustin mentioned in the passage?A.To introduce another interesting study.B.To make the f

39、indings of the study more convincing.C.To present new evidence for the study.D.To show a different viewpoint.答案 B解析 推理判断题。文章最后提到了心理学专家 Augustin，她虽然没有参与这项研究，但是认为这次研究结果与以前自然景色能帮助孩子和成人减轻压力、更好地完成心理任务的观点是相符的。由此来证明这次研究发现是可信的。故选 B。 .完形填空I went to India for a 2-week vacation to visit my relatives.We stopped

40、 on a red light，and as always， there were a lot of activities outside the cars near the 25 .People walked in，between the cars 26 newspapers，water and a number of kids looked for a bit of charity from the car owners.Its a familiar 27 in most poor developing countries.While we were 28 for the red ligh

41、t to turn green，I noticed a man outside a couple of 29 in front of ours trying to sell bottles of water.Its 30 unusual at first.He was a man in his 40s with relatively 31 clothes.But he walked around in a strange way.He kind of 32 his way around the spaces.He was blind.Carrying a couple of water bot

42、tles on one hand，he 33 got to the outside of our car.Out of 34 ，my mum decided to buy one water bottle.As she gave the man the money，the light turned green.The car behind sounded loudly and 35 ， trying to get ahead of traffic.Seeing this，my mum kindly told the man to 36 the change.However，with his 3

43、7 sense of touch，he quickly went through his shirt pocket and threw the money at my mums 38 .It was the exact change.The cars behind us were really getting out of control， 39 we decided to go on our way.I broke down and even 40 when I got home.Heres a blind man，born in 41 ，trying to sell water bottl

44、es on the streets to make ends meet.He 42 our sympathy.Life hasnt been 43 to him，yet hes giving it his best shot.I think that is what 44 is all about，facing life bravely.语篇解读 作者和妈妈开车等红绿灯时，有一个盲人过来卖瓶装水。妈妈让他不用找零钱了，但是他坚持把零钱给了妈妈。作者被他这种自尊自强、勇敢面对生活的精神打动了。25.A.signs B.crossroadsC.stations D.theatres答案 B解析 根

45、据上文“We stopped on a red light”可知，作者看到红灯时把车停了下来。根据常识可知红绿灯一般设在十字路口处，故选 B。26.A.giving B.buyingC.selling D.throwing答案 C解析 人们在车之间走动，卖报纸 。27.A.scene B.playC.activity D.street答案 A解析 在大多数贫穷的发展中国家这是常见的情景。scene 情景。28.A.watching B.askingC.waiting D.changing答案 C解析 当我们在等待着红灯变绿时。wait 等待。29.A.blocks B.crossingsC.t

46、urns D.cars答案 D解析 我注意到一个人在我们前面的几辆车外面卖瓶装水。30.A.everything B.somethingC.anything D.nothing答案 D解析 开始时没什么不正常的。nothing unusual 没什么不正常的事情。31.A.expensive B.fashionableC.ragged D.fastened答案 C解析 他四十岁左右，穿着相对破旧的衣服。ragged 衣衫褴褛的，破旧的，符合语境。32.A.pushed B.droveC.cleared D.felt答案 D解析 由下文的“He was blind.”可知，他是摸索着前进。fee

47、l ones way 摸索着前进。33.A.eventually B.quicklyC.frequently D.happily答案 A解析 拿着几瓶水，他终于到了我们车的外面。此处用 eventually 来形容他行走的不易。34.A.curiosity B.sympathyC.thirsty D.politeness答案 B解析 出于同情，我妈妈决定买一瓶水。out of sympathy 出于同情。最后一段中的“He our sympathy.”是提示。35.A.impatiently B.casuallyC.naturally D.carefully答案 A解析 绿灯亮了，我们后面的车

48、大声地、不耐烦地按响喇叭。impatiently 不耐烦地。36.A.keep B.returnC.borrow D.count答案 A解析 看到这个情景，我妈妈好心地让他保留零钱。keep 保留，留着。37.A.poor B.superiorC.limited D.enlarged答案 B解析 从下文中的“It was the exact change.”可知，那个人凭借他非凡的触觉从衣袋中拿出零钱扔给了我妈妈。superior 非凡的。38.A.hand B.armC.face D.lap答案 D解析 因为在车里妈妈是坐着的，所以他把钱扔到我妈妈的大腿上。lap(坐着时的)大腿部。39.A

49、.still B.yetC.so D.but答案 C解析 我们后面的车真的已经开始失控了，所以我们只好继续赶路了。40.A.smiled B.shoutedC.complained D.cried答案 D解析 我到家时崩溃了，甚至哭了起来。41.A.pain B.povertyC.sadness D.loneliness答案 B解析 根据空后的“trying to sell water bottles on the streets to make ends meet”可知，这个人出身贫寒。poverty 贫穷。42.A.refused B.enjoyedC.doubted D.cheated答案 A解析 根据上一段