2019-2020学年人教版英语必修五讲义含解析：Unit 2 Period One

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1、English MannersEngland has many manners.Here are some English manners.English people are quite reserved when greeting one another.Greeting can be a “Hello”“Hi” or “Good morning”，when you arrive at work or at school.You may also be called many different names，according to which part of Britain you ar

2、e in.Do not be offended.This is quite normal.The standard greeting “How do you do” and the reply “How do you do” signal the end of the greeting.Foreigners who think that “How do you do” comes with a builtin question mark and respond accordingly become socially isolated.The English do shake hands wit

3、h each other，but as little as possible.Most Englishmen never hug or kiss other men.They leave that to football players and foreigners.Women may kiss on one or both cheeks；if they do，the kisser makes a kissing gesture with proper sound effects.Men may also kiss women in greeting，but only on the cheek

4、.In public places，the English make great efforts not to touch strangers even by accident.阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F )1 “How do you do？” in English means the start of the greeting.( F )2Most Englishmen never hug or kiss women; sometimes they kiss other men on the cheek.( F )Period One Warming Up & ReadingPreread

5、ing匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思第一组1clarify An.信任；学分；赞扬；信贷2accomplish Bn.矛盾；冲突3conflict Cn.货币；通货4credit Dvt.澄清；阐明5currency Evt .完成；达到；实现答案 1.D 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.C第二组6institution Avt.吸引；引起注意7convenience Bn.建筑学；建筑艺术8rough Cn.制度；机制；公共机构9attract Dadj.粗糙的；粗暴的10architecture En.便利；方便答案 6.C 7.E 8.D 9.A 10.B第三组11collection An

6、.管理；行政部门12administration Bn.收藏品；珍藏；收集13port Cn.乡下；农村14countryside Dadj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的15enjoyable En.港口(城市)答案 11.B 12.A 13.E 14.C 15.DStep 1 Fastreading1Whats the main idea of the passage?AA brief introduction to the United Kingdom about its geography and history.BA brief introduction to the United King

7、dom about its foundation and development.CA brief introduction to the United Kingdom about its politics and culture.DAll of the above.答案 D2Find the main idea of each paragraph.How the UK came into beingThe cultural importance of LondonHow the four countries work togetherIntroduce the topicThe geogra

8、phical division of England，the similarities and differencesAEngland BLondon Cthe UKStep 2 CarefulreadingRead the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1Which of the following is the main reason for the southern part of Ireland to break away from the United Kingdom?AIt wanted to set up its ow

9、n government.BIts customs were different from those of the United Kingdom.CIt was once badly treated by the United Kingdom.DIt was refused by the United Kingdom.答案 A2Where do most of the people settle in England?AThe zone nearest France.BThe zone nearest to Scotland.CThe Midlands.DThe North of Engla

10、nd.答案 A3Which group of invaders influenced the British words for food?AThe Romans. BThe Vikings.CThe Normans. DThe AngloSaxons.答案 C4Where do you have to go if you want to find more about British history and culture?AIndustrial cities.BOlder but smaller towns first built by the Romans.CThe Midlands o

11、f England.DThe North of England.答案 B5From the passage，we know that .Aall the four countries share the same educational systemsBthe Romans came to England before the AngloSaxonsCit was easy for Northern Ireland to join England，Scotland and WalesDmost of the industries are in the South of England答案 BS

12、tep 3 PostreadingAfter reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.Great Britain consists 1.of four countries：England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland.In the 13th century，Wales 2.was linked(link) to England.In 1603，they were joined to Scotland.They were united 3.in peace instead of by

13、 war.However，just as they were going to get Ireland 4.connected(connect) to form the United Kingdom，the southern part of Ireland broke away，5.so only Northern Ireland joined with them.England is the 6.largest(large) of the four countries and for 7.convenience(convenient) it is divided into three zon

14、es：the South of England，the Midlands and the North.You find most of the population settled in the south,8.but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England.London is the capital with the great 9.historical(history) treasures.It has the oldest port 10.built(build) by the Roma

15、ns in the 1st century AD，the oldest building begun by the AngloSaxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.Step 4 Sentencelearning1So only Northern Ireland joined with England，Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in

16、a new flag called the Union Jack.句式分析 此句为并列句。第一个分句中 to become the United Kingdom 是结果状语，表示北爱尔兰加入之后的结果。第二个 and 连接两个分句。在第二个分句中，called the Union Jack 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 a new flag。自主翻译 因此只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，这一点从新的联合王国国旗上就可以看得出来。2The zone nearest France is called the South of England，the middle zo

17、ne is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North.句式分析 此句为并列句，and 连接三个分句，nearest France 和 nearest to Scotland 分别作定语，修饰其前面的名词(代词 )。自主翻译 最靠近法国的那个地区叫做英格兰南部，中部地区叫做英格兰中部，最靠近苏格兰的那个地区叫做英格兰北部。3It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD，the oldest buildin

18、g begun by the AngloSaxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.句式分析 这是一个较为复杂的简单句。动词 has 后接三个宾语：the oldest port；the oldest building；the oldest castle；每个宾语都含有一个过去分词短语作后置定语。自主翻译 它有公元 1 世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁 撒克逊人始建于 11 世纪 60 年代的最古老的建筑，还有公元 1066 年由后来的诺曼人统治者建造的最古老

19、的城堡。4You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.句式分析 这是一个复合句，主句是 You must keep your eyes open，其中 keep your eyes open 为“keep宾语宾补”结构，if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile 是从句，其中 make your tr

20、ip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile 为“ make宾语宾补”结构。自主翻译 如果你想要使你的英国之旅不虚此行又有意义，你就必须把眼睛睁得大大的。.阅读理解AA DAY OUT IN BRITAINAre you planning to visit Britain？Here are a few suggestions for a beautiful weekend away.BournemouthThis famous tourist town has 11 km of beautiful beaches.Last year,10,

21、000 tourists visited this beautiful town.Its the perfect place to go swimming or sailing.There are lots of lovely parks and gardens to visit and its a great place to eat out.You can also go to a classical concert or go dancing in one of the nightclubs.StratforduponAvonThis was William Shakespeares h

22、ometown.He spent most of his life in this town and wrote his plays here.You can visit his house or see his plays at one of the Royal Shakespeare Companys theatres.There are some interesting museums and lots of beautiful 500yearold houses.You can also go on boat trips and visit traditional English vi

23、llages.AlfordDeep in the Lincolnshire countryside is the pleasant market town of Alford.It is known for its fivesailed windmill(风车) Have a walk round this lovely old place and youll see many pleasant houses from as far back as the 17th century.Captain James Smith，who was one of the founders of James

24、 town in Virginia，USA，was educated in Alford.BathMost people come here to see the 2000yearold Roman Baths.But this city is also famous for its beautiful 18th century buildings and is the home of the writer Jane Austen.You can learn about her life at the Jane Austen Centre near Queens Square.In the p

25、ast，Bath was also popular with the royal family and Queen Elizabeth spent one or two weeks every year here.语 篇 解 读 本 文 介 绍 了 英 国 几 个 适 合 度 过 周 末 的 旅 游 地 点 。1What can visitors do in Bournemouth?AEnjoy plays. BGo to museums.CDo sea sports. DVisit fishing villages.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据 Bournemouth 中的“This fa

26、mous tourist town has 11 km of beautiful beaches.”和“Its the perfect place to go swimming or sailing.”可知，选 C。2What is Alford famous for?AIts stars. BIts market.CIts windmill. DIts nightclubs.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据 Alford 中的“It is known for its fivesailed windmill(风车) ”可知，这里以风车著名。故选 C。3Which place did a quee

27、n of England use to visit regularly?ABath. BAlford.CStratforduponAvon. DBournemouth.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据 Bath 中的最后一句可知，英国女王伊丽莎白一世过去常来这里。故选 A。BEngland became England，the land of Englishspeaking people，at the beginning of the Middle Ages.Before that it had been the home of Iron Age tribes(部落 ) known as Cel

28、ts，and for a time，part of the Roman Empire.Then tribes from the north，known as the Angles，the Saxons， and the Jutes，moved in.The most famous leader of this period in England was Alfred the Great.Alfred lived in Wessex，the kingdom of the West Saxons，which was in the southern part of Great Britain.He

29、was a good leader who made his kingdom stronger.He created a system of defences，called burhs，across the country.He reorganised the army so that his men could have time to fight and to farm.Alfreds efforts protected his people from the Vikings and allowed Wessex to grow.Eventually the rulers of Wesse

30、x would rule all of the England.Alfred also made other improvements.He made laws for his people.He encouraged learning and translated several important books into his Saxon language.This was the beginning of the language we call English today.Two important pieces of literature from that period are t

31、he AngloSaxon Chronicle and Beowulf，both written in Old English.Old English lasted through most of the Middle Ages.Middle English came in during the late Middle Ages， and Modern English began at about the time of Renaissance.England and English got their names，not from the Saxons，but from one of the

32、 other tribes，the Angles.The original name of England must have been something like Angleland (only in Old English of course)语篇解读 本文主要介绍了艾尔弗雷德大帝的功绩。他重组军队，统一国家，制定法律，鼓励文学翻译。4Alfred the Great was the king of the .ARomans BWest SaxonsCAngles DVikings答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，艾尔弗雷德是 the West Saxons 的国王。5Th

33、e English language today began at about the time of .Athe Renaissance BAlfred the GreatCthe Roman Empire Dthe late Middle Ages答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“Alfred also made other improvements.This was the beginning of the language we call English today.”可知，现在的英语大约起源于艾尔弗雷德大帝时代。6According to the text，which of th

34、e following tribes was “English” named after?AThe Celts. BThe Jutes.CThe Saxons. DThe Angles.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，英格兰和英语的名字起源于 the Angles。7What is the main idea of the text?AThe history of the Saxons.BThe achievements of Alfred the Great.CTwo great pieces of English literature.DThe development o

35、f the English language.答案 B解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了艾尔弗雷德大帝的功绩。CIreland has had a very difficult history.The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer(征服) Ireland.For hundreds of years，the Irish people fought against the English.Finally，in 1921，the British government wa

36、s forced to give independence to the south of Ireland.The result is that today there are two “Irelands”Northern Ireland，in the north，is part of the United Kingdom.The Republic of Ireland，in the south，is an independent country.In the 1840s the main crop，potatoes，was affected by disease and about 750,

37、000 people died of hunger.This，and a shortage of work，forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA，the UK，Australia and Canada.As a result of these problems，the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.For many years，the majority of Irish people earned their living

38、as farmers.Today，many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices.Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside，where things move at a quieter and slower pace.The Irish are famous for being warmhearted and frien

39、dly.Oscar Wilde，a famous Irish writer，once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”Since independence，Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music，language，literature and singing.Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.O

40、ther kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin， whistles，etc.语篇解读 本文从地理状况、人口发展、经济情况以及社会生活等方面介绍了爱尔兰共和国，让我们对这个美丽的国家有了更进一步的了解。8What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1?AHow the Irish fought against the English.BHow Ireland gained independence.CHow English rulers tried to

41、 conquer Ireland.DHow two “Irelands” came into being.答案 D解析 段落大意题。本段的后半部分叙述的是最终结果，所以第一段作者意在阐述两个“爱尔兰”是如何形成的。9We learn from the text that in Ireland .Afood shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in populationBpeople are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countrysideCit is harder to make a l

42、iving as a farmer than as a factory workerDdifferent kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments答案 A解析 细节理解题。第二段提到在 19 世纪 40 年代，由于土豆被疾病感染，大约 75 万人死于饥饿，由此可知这一时期的食物短缺导致了人口下降。本段最后一句话也是线索提示。10The last paragraph is mainly about .Athe Irish characterBIrish cultureCIrish musical instrumentsDa fa

43、mous Irish writer答案 B解析 段落大意题。通读本段内容尤其是根据本段中间部分的“Since independence，Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of.”可知，本段主要阐述的是爱尔兰文化。其余选项都不具有概括性。11What can be the best title for the text?ALife in IrelandBA Very Difficult HistoryCIreland，Past and PresentDThe Independence of Ireland答案 C解析 标题归纳题。文章回顾了爱尔兰艰辛

44、的独立过程以及曾经的艰难岁月，接着概述了爱尔兰如今的风貌，所以“爱尔兰今昔”作文章标题最合适。.七选五School doesnt have to be a prison.Whether you find school difficult，boring，or just stressful，you can learn to make school easier and bring a lot more fun.Here are some ways to help you.Try a team sport.Some schools offer team sports that allow you t

45、o make friends with your fellow students.Soccer，track and field，basketball and football，can all make school have a little more fun. 12 If you dont want to play sports，consider joining in the games and cheering for your team with your friends.13 One of the most stressful parts of school can be making

46、 sure you have everything youre supposed to have.Wheres your English homework？Where s that math assignment？Is your pencil sharp？The less you have to worry about these little things，the more youll be able to focus and enjoy school. 14 Take it easy on your teachers.Teachers are like students： Some are

47、 great，some are less than great.But teachers are in charge of the classroom.So even if youre feeling frustrated or bored in class，you should be nice to your teachers. 15 Ask for help if you are having trouble with homework. 16 Make it easy.Ask for help at school by joining an afterclass study group，

48、if your school has one.Ask your teacher if you can stay 1015 minutes after school to ask a few questions about your homework，if youre embarrassed to ask during class.Its always better to ask.AStay organized.BTry to find kids you can talk to and play with.CManage your homework better.DSo you can choose one of them to take up.EBe prepared for class and everything will be easier.FAs a result，they will possibly be friendly back to you.GIf youre struggling in school，dont try to take i